Heavy metallic concentration in microbial mats found at hydrothermal systems, Kamchatka, Russia

フォーマット:

論文

責任表示:

Tazaki, Kazue ; Okrugin, Victor M ; Okuno, Masayuki ; Belkova, Natalia ; Islam, ABM Rafiqul ; Chaerun, S. Khodijah ; Wakimoto, Rie ; Sato, Kazuhiro ; Moriichi, Shingo

言語:

英語

出版情報:

2003-01-01

著者名:

Tazaki, Kazue

Okrugin, Victor M

Okuno, Masayuki

Belkova, Natalia

Islam, ABM Rafiqul

Chaerun, S. Khodijah

Wakimoto, Rie

Sato, Kazuhiro

Moriichi, Shingo

続きを見る

掲載情報:

The science reports of the Kanazawa University＝金沢大学理科報告

ISSN:

0022-8338      

巻:

47(01_02)

開始ページ:

1

終了ページ:

48

概要:

Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kanazawa University<br />Institute of Volcanology Far Eastern Division of Russian Academy of Sciences<br />Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University& … lt;br />This study described the investigation of microbial mats that are rich in iron, arsenic, and manganese in four hydrothermal systems of Kamchatka, Russia namely Vilyuchinskie, Mutnovskie, Nachikinskie, and Malkinskie. The hydrothermal systems (hot springs) are contributing to the metallic and non-metallic mineral resources of Russia such as oil, gas, coal, copper, nickel, cobalt, tin, mercury, lead, zinc, diamond, platinum, gold, and silver. We observed the biogeochemical activities of microorganisms originating from microbial mats. The structure and elemental composition of microbial mats in these hydrothermal systems were studied with optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDX), whereas the water quality of these springs was measured by using pack tests. Additionally, portable Y-ray analyzer was employed to determine the kind and quantity of Y-ray in the atmospheric condition of sampling areas. Optical and scanning electron microscopic observations revealed that the microbial mats at these springs were mainly composed of a large number of microorganisms such as bacteria (coccus, bacillus, and filamentous), cyanobacteria, and algae in association with biominerals. Bacterial fluorometric enumeration of the thermal water informed that the total number of bacteria was relatively low, while the fraction of enzymatically active bacteria was high ranging from 27 % to 91 %. Besides that, ƒﾁ-ray observation showed that the predominantly ƒﾁ-ray range was between 320-380 keV dominating in green and black-colored microbial mats at Vilyuchinskie hot springs. Correspondingly, heavy metal and minerals deposits accumulated at all these springs indicating that microorganisms may contribute to binding and formation of the minerals. These activities and heavy mineral encrustation of cyanobacteria, bacteria, and algae may contribute to the growth of the heavy metal deposit (such as iron, manganese, and arsenic) at these springs. Obviously, Kamchatka hot springs provide a model for studying the potential role of prokaryotes and eukaryotes in the origin of heavy metal and minerals formation. 続きを見る

URL:

http://hdl.handle.net/2297/3755