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論文
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Watanabe, Hiroyuki ; Okada, G. ; Ohtsubo, K. ; Yao, F. ; Jiang, P.H. ; Sawabu, Norio
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その他
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電子ブック |
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論文
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Yamada, Fumio ; Fukui, Yoshikazu ; Iwaki, Takako ; Ogasawara, Sachiko ; Okigawa, Masaki ; Tanaka, Satomi ; Somei, Masanori
概要:
A simple and new method for the preparation of optically active methyl 3a-chloro-, 3a-bromo-, 3a-hydroxy-, and 3a-alkoxy
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-1,2,3,3a,8,8a-hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indole-2-carboxylates has been developed. © 2006 The Japan Institute of Heterocyclic Chemistry All rights reserved.
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| 5.
論文 |
論文
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Nakajima, Miki ; Fukami, T. ; Yamanaka, H. ; Higashi, E. ; Sakai, H. ; Yoshida, R. ; Kwon, J. T. ; McLeod, H. L. ; Yokoi, T.
概要:
金沢大学大学院医学系研究科機能分子医薬学<br />Human cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2A6 metabolizes nicotine to cotinine and is a possible modulator o
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f nicotine addiction. Quantitative and qualitative differences in nicotine addiction have been observed between ethnic groups. However, there are few data on the ethnic influences of the CYP2A6-nicotine metabolism relationship, particularly with regard to black subjects. We determined the nicotine metabolism and CYP2A6 genotype in 176 white subjects and 160 black subjects, comparing them with our previous data from 209 Korean subjects and 92 Japanese subjects. Large interindividual differences were observed in the cotinine/nicotine ratios in plasma calculated as an index of nicotine metabolism in white subjects (range, 0.6-36.5) and in black subjects (range, 0.9-30.4). No ethnic difference in the metabolic ratio was observed among white subjects (mean, 7.2 ± 5.0), black subjects (mean, 7.1 ± 4.7), and Korean subjects (mean, 8.7 ± 11.9), whereas Japanese subjects showed a significantly (P < .005) lower metabolic ratio (mean, 3.8 ± 3.1) compared with the other populations. Women showed significantly (P < .05) higher metabolic ratios than men in the black population (8.0 ± 5.3 versus 6.0 ± 3.7). Obvious ethnic differences in the CYP2A6 alleles were observed among these 4 populations. The combined frequencies of the alleles lacking or showing reduced enzymatic activity (CYP2A6*2, CYP2A6*4, CYP2A6*5, CYP2A6*7, CYP2A6*9, CYP2A6*10, CYP2A6*11, CYP2A6*17, CYP2A6*19, and CYP2A6*20) were 9.1%, 21.9%, 42.9%, and 50.5% in white, black, Korean, and Japanese subjects, respectively. These CYP2A6 alleles were associated with reduced nicotine metabolism. Among the homozygotes of CYP2A6*1, interindividual and ethnic differences in the metabolic ratio were still observed. Thus some factors other than genetic ones might also contribute to the interindividual and ethnic differences. This comprehensive study of 4 populations extends our understanding of nicotine metabolism and the impact of genetic polymorphisms of the CYP2A6 gene. © 2006 American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.
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| 6.
論文 |
論文
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Watanabe, Hiroyuki ; Jiang, P.H. ; Okada, G. ; Yao, F. ; Ohtsubo, K. ; Sawabu, Norio
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論文
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Yang, X. ; Fujii, C. ; Mukaida, Naofumi
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論文
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Hirao, Atsushi ; Naka, Kazuhito ; Motoyama, N. ; Hakem, R. ; McPherson, J.P. ; Mak, T.
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| 9.
論文 |
論文
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Yamada, Fumio ; Fukui, Yoshikazu ; Iwaki, Takako ; Ogasawara, Sachiko ; Okigawa, Masaki ; Tanaka, Satomi ; Somei, Masanori
概要:
金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科生理活性物質科学<br />金沢大学薬学部<br />A simple and new method for the preparation of optically active methyl 3a-chlor
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o-, 3a-bromo-, 3a-hydroxy-, and 3a-alkoxy-1,2,3,3a,8,8a-hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indole-2-carboxylates has been developed. © 2006 The Japan Institute of Heterocyclic Chemistry All rights reserved.
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| 10.
論文 |
論文
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Ito, Tatsuro ; Terwilliger, Paul ; Weng, Chih-wen
概要:
金沢大学理学部<br />We show that the quantum algebra Uq(sl2) has a presentation with generators x±1,y, z and relations xx-1 = x
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-1x = 1, qxy - q-1yx/q - q-1 = 1, qyz - q-1zy/q - q-1 = 1, qzx - q-1xz/q - q-1 = 1. We call this the equitable presentation. We show that y (respectively z) is not invertible in Uq(sl2) by displaying an infinite-dimensional Uq(sl2)-module that contains a nonzero null vector for y(respectively z). We consider finite-dimensional Uq(sl2)-modules under the assumption that q is not a root of 1 and char (K) ≠ 2, where K is the underlying field. We show that y and z are invertible on each finite-dimensional Uq(sl2)-module. We display a linear operator Ω that acts on finite-dimensional Uq (sl2)-modules, and satisfies Ω-1xΩ = y, Ω-1yΩ = z, Ω-1zΩ = x on these modules. We define Ω using the q-exponential function. © 2005 elsevier Inc. All rigths reserved.
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