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| 1.
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Sawanomukai, Takashi ; Iwatsubo, Yoshikane ; Naruhashi, Naohiro
概要:
Chromosome counts of 16 species and two varieties of Scutellaria（Lamiaceae）collected from 45 localities in Ja-pan were r
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eported. First counts were the following 11 taxa : S . amabilis（2n=26）, S . brachyspica（2n=26）, S . in-dica var. parvifolia（2n=26）, S . iyoensis（2n=26）, S . kiusiana（2n=26）, S . laeteviolacea var. laeteviolacea（2n =26）, S . laeteviolacea var. maekawae（2n=26）, S . muramatsui（2n=26）, S . pekinensis var. transitra（2n=28）, S . shikokiana（2n=28）and S . tsusimensis（2n=26）. New counts were reported in S . dependens（2n=28）, S . strigil-losa（2n=30）and S . yezoensis（2n=30）. Chromosome counts for S . barbata（2n=26）, S . guilielmii（2n=28）, S . indica var. indica（2n=26）and S . rubropunctata var. rubropunctata（2n=26）were confirmed.
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| 2.
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Tanaka, Hiroki ; Sugita-Kounishi, Yuka ; Takino, Masahiko ; Tanaka, Toshitsugu ; Toriba, Akira ; Hayakawa, Kazuichi
概要:
金沢大学医薬保健研究域薬学系<br />By adopting a rapid and sensitive method for simultaneous detection of nivalenol (NIV), deoxynivalen
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ol (DON), fusarenon-X (FX), 3-acetyl deoxinivalenol (3ADON), HT-2 toxin (HT-2), T-2 toxin (T-2) and zearalenone (ZEN), the natural occurrence of these mycotoxins in biscuits made of wheat (201 samples) in Japan was surveyed. Samples were analyzed by LC/MS with atmospheric pressure photo ionization (APPI). Further confirmation was performed by liquid chromatography/time of flight mass spectrometry (LC/TOFMS). The average contamination of each Fusarium mycotoxin was 3.1, 23, 0.7, 0.1 and 4.2 ng/g for NIV, DON, HT-2, T-2 and ZEN, respectively. Multiple toxins were observed in 120 samples while FX and 3ADON were not detected. The incidence of these toxins was 41% for NIV, 98% for DON, 19% for HT-2, 11% for T-2 and 2% for ZEN. There were no significant differences in the concentration and incidence between conventional biscuits made of wheat and biscuits made of wheat for infants. This is the first report concerning the presence of NIV, DON, HT-2, T-2 and ZEN in biscuits in Japan. © 2010 The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan.
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| 3.
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Iwatsubo, Yoshikane ; 岩坪, 美兼
概要:
Following a thorough review of chromosome studies on the number, karyotype, and mitotic and meiotic chromosomal behavior
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s of Rumex acetosa, data collected on R. acetosa specimens in Toyama Prefecture, central Japan, are reported in this paper. A total of 1,640 individual R. acetosa specimens were collected from 17 localities in Toyama Prefecture. Nearly all individuals were diploid, with either 2n = 14 = 12+2X (1,296 individuals, 79.02%) or 2n = 15 = 12+X+ Y1Y2 (321 individuals, 19.57%). Seventeen individuals, constituting 1.04% of all plants examined, were triploid (nine individuals with 2n = 21 = 18+3X and eight individuals with 2n = 22 = 18+2X+Y1Y2). Four individuals were tetraploid (two individuals with 2n = 28 = 24+4X and two individuals with 2n = 29 = 24+3X+Y1Y2), and two individuals were aneuploid, with chromosome constitutions of 2n = 15 = 13+ 2X and 2n = 16 = 13+2X+Y2. Among the nine diploid karyotype forms classified by Ono (1935), AB was the most frequently (29.4%), followed by AD (20.1%), AA (15.7%), BB (11.3%), AC (9.6%), BD (8.6%), CD (2.5%), DD (1.8%), and CC (1.0%). No supernumerary segments (SS) were found on the A1 chromosomes of the individuals identified in the study. The frequency of SS5 chromosome occurrence in each locality of normal diploid plant A5 chromosomes was between 7.6% and 44.0%, with a mean frequency of 24.5%. These results indicate that SS5 chromosomes are prevalent, and that about one fourth of A5 chromosomes in Toyama Prefecture contain SS5 chromosomes. The frequency of SS6 chromosome occurrence in each locality of normal diploid plant A6 chromosomes was between 23.7% and 64.4%, with a mean frequency of 47.7%. These results indicate that SS6 chromosomes are also prevalent, and that nearly half of R. acetosa A6 chromosomes in Toyama Prefecture are composed of SS6 chromosomes.<br />スイバは，性染色体が分化した雌雄異株植物（雌株は2n = 12+2X, 雄株は2n =12+ X +Y1Y2）である。Y 染色体の動原体の位置と付随体のサイズは変異することが知られている。第1，5，6常染色体には，短腕に過剰分節（supernumerary segment）が存在するタイプと存在しないタイプの2型が存在するため，スイバの核型は多様である。最初に，これまでの染色体研究について概説することで，スイバにおいて明らかにされた核型変異について紹介を行った。次に，富山県産スイバの核型変異を明らかにすることを目的として，県内の17 カ所より採集した1,640個体について染色体の観察を行い，その結果を報告した。1,640個体のうち，二倍体雌個体（2n= 12+2X）は1296個体（79.07%），二倍体雄個体（2n= 12+ X+Y1Y2）は321個体（19.57%）であった。三倍体は17個体（1.2%）含まれており，2n = 18+XXXが9個体，2n = 18+XXYYが8 個体であった。四倍体は2n = 24+XXXXと2n = 24+XXXYYがそれぞれ2個体ずつの4個体，それに2n = 15 = 13+2X（1個体） と2n = 16 =13+2X+Y2（1個体）の2個体の異数体が含まれていた。48個体（全観察個体の3%）にはB染色体が存在した。日本産スイバには過剰分節の有無により，第1常染色体（A1），第5常染色体 （A5）， 第6常染色体（A6） に， それぞれに2型が知られている。観察を行った17カ所の二倍体個体における過剰分節をもった染色体の割合は，SS5（過剰分節をもつA5）が7.6% ～ 44.0%，平均24.5%であった。SS6（過剰分節をもつ A6）では23.7% ～64.4%，平均47.7%であった。過剰分節をもつ第1常染色体（SS1）は観察されなかった。イギリスにおいてSS6は1月の1日の平均気温が4.4 ℃以下の地域のスイバには存在しないことが報告されている。スイバを対象とした細胞地理学的研究において，SS1，SS5，SS6 染色体の国内での分布域を明らかにすることが望まれる。
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| 4.
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Sato, Kyoko ; Iwatsubo, Yoshikane ; Watanabe, Mikio ; Serizawa, Shunsuke ; Naruhashi, Naohiro ; 佐藤, 杏子 ; 岩坪, 美兼 ; 渡邊, 幹男 ; 芹沢, 俊介 ; 鳴橋, 直弘
概要:
Chromosome numbers of Taraxacum officinale were examined in a total of 386 plants collected from 10 localities in the pl
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ains of Toyama Prefecture, central Honshu in Japan. They showed two chromosome counts of 2n=24 （triploid）and 32（tetraploid）.Of 386 plants examined, 231（59.8%）were triploids and 155（40.2%）were tetraploids. The two chromosome forms of T. officinale were distributed throughout all of the 10 localities studied, which indicates that the two forms of T. officinale are ubiquitously distributed in the plains of Toyama Prefecture.<br />富山県内10 ヵ所より採集したセイヨウタンポポ（Taraxacum officinale Weber）386 個体の染色体数を明らかにした。観察を行った386 個体中231個体（59.8%）は2n=24 の三倍体であり，155 個体（40.2%）は2n=32 の四倍体であった。10 ヵ所すべての採集地で2 つの細胞型が観察されたことから，富山県には遍在的に2 つの細胞型が混生していることが明らかとなった。
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| 5.
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Nishijima, Yoshinori ; 西嶋, 義憲
概要:
金沢大学人間社会研究域経済学経営学系<br />Persons or objects on signs seem to have a culturally preferred direction of facing (Kumakura, 1
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990). Is such a difference in direction also true of pictures on traffic signs between Japan and Germany? People in Japan and Germany drive on the left and the right side of the road, respectively. In this respect, a question arises: Does the difference between left-hand and right-hand traffic in these two countries influence the way the pictures on traffic signs face? The aim of this study is threefold: 1) to collect functionally equivalent traffic signs in Japan and Germany; 2) to compare the pictures on the signs between these countries with respect to their facing directions; and 3) to try to clarify whether and to what extent differences in facing directions are found on the traffic signs. The results are expected to contribute to the study of the relationship between writing directions and facing directions of pictures.
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| 6.
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Naruhashi, Naohiro ; Seki, Hirotaka ; Yakur, Yasuo ; Nagata, Yukiyas ; Iwatsubo, Yoshikane ; 鳴橋, 直弘 ; 関, 弘毅 ; 矢倉, 保男 ; 永田, 幸泰 ; 岩坪, 美兼
概要:
Chromosome numbers of Duchesnea（Rosaceae）of 2,133 sites in the area comprising eight prefectures in cen-tral Honshu were
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investigated. Diploid, triploid, heptaploid, octoploid and dodecaploid plants were observed. The triploid plant was found in only one site in Gifu Prefecture. Diploid and dodecaploid plants were very common. Heptaploid and octoploid plants which are believed to be natural hybrids between diploid and dodecaploid plants were variable in distribution depending on the areas, i.e., higher rate distribution of them in the Japan Sea side than those of the Pacific side. The reason of the high frequency of both heptaploid and octoploid plants in the Ja-pan Sea side may be the high rate emergence of hybrid achenes, however, the exact matter is obscure.
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| 7.
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Kinuya, Seigo ; Kuwabara, Yasuo ; Inoue, Kentaro ; Sakamoto, Setsu ; Shimosegawa, Eku ; Takeoka, Keiko ; Takeda, Yoshihiro ; Toyama, Hiroshi ; Niio, Yasuo ; Nishiyama, Yoshihiro ; Yoshinaga, Keiichiro ; Yoshimura, Mana
概要:
Objective The Subcommittee on the Survey of Nuclear Medical Practice in Japan has performed a nationwide survey of nucle
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ar medicine practice every 5 years since 1982 to survey contemporary nuclear medicine practice and its changes over the years. Methods The subcommittee sent questionnaires, including the number and category of examinations as well as the kind and dose of the radiopharmaceuticals during the 30 days of June 2012, to all the nuclear medicine institutes. The total numbers for the year 2012 were then estimated. Results A total of 1,167 institutes responded to the survey, including the 14 in vitro assay institutes and 266 PET centers. The recovery rate was 92 %. The number of gamma cameras installed was 1,425 in total, with 9 % decrease in 5 years. Dual-head cameras and hybrid SPECT/CT scanners accounted for 84 and 10.5 %, respectively. The number of single-photon tracer studies in 2012 was 1.15 million which means decrease in 19 % in 5 years and 29 % in 10 years. All but cerebral perfusion study and sentinel lymphoscintigraphy have decreased. Bone scintigraphy was a leading examination (38.7 %), followed by cardiac studies (29.4 %) and cerebral perfusion study (18.5 %) in order. SPECT studies showed an increase from 42.3 to 47.2 %. PET centers have also increased from 212 to 295, as compared to the last survey. The 135 PET centers have installed one or two in-house cyclotrons. PET studies showed 25.5 % increase in 5 years, with oncology accounting for 96.3 %. 18F-FDG accounted for 98.2 % (505,990 examinations). PET examinations using 11C-methionine have been increasing, with 3,352 examinations in 2012. The number of new PET studies using 11C-PIB PET was 695. 131I-radioiodine targeted therapies showed an increase, including 3,644 patients (53.6 %) for thyroid cancer and 4,889 patients (17.9 %) for hyperthyroidism. Out-patient thyroid bed ablation therapy with 30 mCi of 131I accounted for 21.0 % of cancer patients. The number of admission rooms decreased from 158 to 135 in 5 years. In vitro radioassays have been declining continuously since 1992, with the number of studies of 9.0 million in 2012. Conclusions Single-photon examinations showed a continuous tendency toward a decline in the survey. In contrast, the number of hybrid SPECT/CT scanner examinations has increased. PET/CT study in the oncology field and radionuclide targeted therapy have steadily increased. © 2014 The Japanese Society of Nuclear Medicine.
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| 8.
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Ito, Michiho ; Honda, Gisho ; 伊藤, 美千穂 ; 本多, 義昭
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[論文] Articles
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| 9.
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Kohsaka, Ryo ; Matsutani, Hiroaki ; Matsuoka, Hikaru ; Tomiyoshi, Mitsuyuki
概要:
International tourists to Japan have attracted considerable attention in the Japanese tourism sector. In particular, tou
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rists from Asia, China in particular, are increasingly recognized as an important target group. To accommodate the demands of foreign tourists, the tourism industry must investigate the satisfaction and preferences of such tourists, as well as the challenges encountered by both tourists and gastronomy sectors. By comparing the responses of tourists with those in the service sector, this study identified future tasks for inbound tourism. This study focused on tourists from Hong Kong and Taiwan. In a parallel questionnaire, employees of restaurants in Kanazawa City were interviewed. The results of the survey on tourists from Hong Kong and Taiwan were compared with the results from non-Asian tourists. A significant difference was observed as regards the communication between tourists and staff (i.e., the language barrier) between the two groups. In addition, the level of satisfaction on Wi-Fi Internet access is the lowest amongst all the survey items regardless of the tourists’ nationality. © 2015 Taylor & Francis.<br />after a 18 months embargo
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| 10.
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Kanemoto, Tadashi
概要:
Cytogeography of three species of Pellionia was described from a total of 1,436 collections from 192 localities in Japan. Di-, tri-, tetra- and pentaploid plants were found in P . minima and P . scabra, and tri-, tetra- and pen-taploid
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plants in P . radicans.In P . minima and P . radicans, tetraploidy is common and dominant in all locali-ties. Triploid plants were distributed in their ranges of scattering. In P . scabra, on the other hand, tri- and tetraploid plants are similaly common but they are found in separate populations. Whereas triploid plants occur in western Japan, including Shikoku and Kyushu, the tetraploid plants are mostly found in central Japan as well as Ryukyu Islands. No clear correlation between polyploidy and latitude in P . minima, P . radicans and P . scabra could be established within the study area.
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