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| 1.
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論文
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Hoshikawa, Takaya ; Tanji, Kei ; Matsuo, Jun-ichi ; Ishibashi, Hiroyuki
概要:
Intramolecular [2+2] cycloaddition of γ,δ-unsaturated ketenes derived from hex-5-enoyl chloride derivatives gave bicyclo[2.1.1]hexan-5-ones with complete regioselectivity. © 2012 The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan.
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| 2.
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Nakano, Takeo ; Soeta, Takahiro ; Endo, Kohei ; Inomata, Katsuhiko ; Ukaji, Yutaka
概要:
The sequential 1,4-elimination reaction of (E)-4-alkoxy-2-butenyl benzoates and [1,2]-Wittig rearrangement gave (2Z,4E)-
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2,4-pentadien-1-ols stereoselectively. Z-Selective formation of intermediary vinyl ethers, whose stereochemistry was well elucidated by the "syn-effect", was achieved by treatment of the 2-butenyl benzoates with KOH in the presence of Pd catalyst. The subsequent [1,2]-Wittg rearrangement by use of n-BuLi proceeded with retention of the stereochemistry of the intermediary vinyl ethers. © 2013 American Chemical Society.
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| 3.
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Higuchi, Akihiro ; Erina Oonishi ; Kawakita, Tetsuya ; Tsubota, Kazuo ; 樋口, 明弘
概要:
金沢大学先端科学・社会共創推進機構<br />Purpose: 2-hydroxy estradiol (2-OHE2) is a catechol derivative of 17β -Estradiol (E2) and it is s
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ynthesized from E2 catalyzed by cytochrome P4501A1. Previous studies reported that 2-OHE2 is a physiologic antioxidant in lipoproteins, liver microsomes, and the brain. Catechol derivatives show an anti-inflammatory effect through the inhibition of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase (PGS) activity. Corneal erosion caused by dry eye is related to an increase in oxidative stress and inflammation in ocular surface cells. We investigated the therapeutic effects of 2-OHE2 on corneal damage caused by dry eye. Methods: Steroidal radical scavenging activity was confirmed through the electron spin resonance (ESR) method. PGS activity was measured using the COX Fluorescent Activity Assay Kit. To evaluate the effect of 2-OHE2 on the treatment for dry eye, 2-OHE2 was applied as an eye drop experiment using dry eye model rats. Results: 2-OHE2 scavenged tyrosyl radical and possibly suppressed oxidative stress in corneal epithelial cells. In addition, 2-OHE2 inhibited PGS activity, and 2-OHE2 is probably a competitive inhibitor of PGS. Corneal PGS activity was upregulated in the dry eye group. Therefore, 2-OHE2 eye drops improved corneal erosion in dry eye model rats. Conclusions: 2-OHE2 is a candidate for the treatment of dry eye through the suppression of inflammation and oxidative stress in the cornea. © 2016 Molecular Vision.
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| 4.
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Nakata, Shunji ; Kato, Takashi ; Ozaki, Shinya ; Kawae, Takeshi ; Morimoto, Akiharu
概要:
Thin film Al2O3/Al-rich Al2O 3/SiO2 structures were fabricated on p-Si substrates. Radio-frequency magnetron co-sputteri
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ng was used to form Al-rich Al 2O3 thin film as the charge-trapping layer of nonvolatile Al2O3 memory. Capacitance-voltage measurements showed a large hysteresis due to charge trapping in the Al-rich Al2O 3 layer. The charge trap density was estimated to be 42.7 × 1018 cm- 3, which is the largest value ever reported for an Al-rich Al2O3 layer; it is six times larger than that of a conventional metal-nitride-oxide-silicon memory. Thermal annealing was found to reduce the leakage current of the Al2O3 blocking layer, thereby providing this structure with better data retention at room temperature than an as-deposited one. In addition, the annealed structure was found to exhibit good data retention even at 100 C. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 5.
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論文
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Matsuo, Jun-ichi ; Okuno, Ryosuke ; Takeuchi, Kosuke ; Kawano, Mizuki ; Ishibashi, Hiroyuki
概要:
金沢大学医薬保健研究域薬学系<br />Optimized reaction conditions for the preparation of various 2-monosubstituted 3-ethoxycyclobutanone
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s are described. 2-Monoalkyl 3-ethoxycyclobutanones were efficiently prepared by the reaction of the corresponding carboxylic acid chlorides and an excess amount of ethyl vinyl ether in the presence of diisopropylethylamine at 90 °C in a sealed tube. 2-Monoaryl 3-ethoxycyclobutanones were prepared by using 2,6-lutidine as a base in the above-mentioned procedure. © 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 6.
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論文
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Matsuo, Junichi ; Okuno, Ryosuke ; Takeuchi, Kosuke ; Kawano, Mizuki ; Ishibashi, Hiroyuki
概要:
金沢大学医薬保健研究域薬学系<br />Optimized reaction conditions for the preparation of various 2-monosubstituted 3-ethoxycyclobutanone
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s are described. 2-Monoalkyl 3-ethoxycyclobutanones were efficiently prepared by the reaction of the corresponding carboxylic acid chlorides and an excess amount of ethyl vinyl ether in the presence of diisopropylethylamine at 90 °C in a sealed tube. 2-Monoaryl 3-ethoxycyclobutanones were prepared by using 2,6-lutidine as a base in the above-mentioned procedure. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 7.
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論文
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Okado, Ryohei ; Nowaki, Aya ; Matsuo, Jun-ichi ; Ishibashi, Hiroyuki
概要:
A catalytic amount of tin(IV) chloride catalyzed formal [4+2] cycloaddition reaction of di-tert-butyl 2-ethoxycyclobutane-1,1-carboxylate with ketones or aldehydes to give diethyl 6-ethoxydihydro-2H-pyran-3,3(4H)-dicarboxylates,
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whereas two equivalents of trimethylsilyl triflate promoted tandem [4+2] cycloaddition and lactonization to afford 3-oxo-2,6-dioxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane-4-carboxylate esters.
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| 8.
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論文
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Yokota, Shinichi ; Higashi, Eriko ; Fukami, Tatsuki ; Yokoi, Tsuyoshi ; Nakajima, Miki
概要:
金沢大学医薬保健研究域薬学系<br />Human CYP2A6 is responsible for the metabolism of nicotine and coumarin as well as the metabolic act
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ivation of tobacco-related nitrosamines. Earlier studies revealed that CYP2A6 activity was increased by dietary cadmium or cruciferous vegetables, but the underlying mechanisms remain to be clarified. In the present study, we investigated the possibility that Nrf2 might be involved in the regulation of CYP2A6. Real-time RT-PCR analysis revealed that the CYP2A6 mRNA level in human hepatocytes was significantly (P < 0.01, 1.4-fold) induced by 10 μM sulforaphane (SFN), a typical activator of Nrf2. A computer-based search identified three putative antioxidant response elements (AREs) in the 5′-flanking region of the CYP2A6 gene at positions -1212, -2444, and -3441, termed ARE1, ARE2, and ARE3, respectively. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated that Nrf2 bound only to ARE1. Luciferase assays using HepG2 cells revealed that the overexpression of Nrf2 significantly increased the reporter activities of the constructs containing a 30-bp fragment that included ARE1. However, the activity of the construct containing the intact 5′-flanking region (-1 to -1395) including ARE1 was not increased by the overexpression of Nrf2. In contrast, when the reporter construct was injected into mice via the tail vein, the reporter activity in the liver was significantly (P < 0.05, 1.9-fold) increased by SFN (1 mg/head) administration. In conclusion, we found that human CYP2A6 is regulated via Nrf2, suggesting that CYP2A6 is induced under oxidative stress. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 9.
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| 10.
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Miyamoto, Yoshiaki ; Wada, Norihiro ; Soeta, Takahiro ; Fujinami, Shuhei ; Inomata, Katsuhiko ; Ukaji, Yutaka
概要:
The stereoselective direct transformation of N-(propargylic)hydroxylamines into cis-2-acylaziridines was achieved by the
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combined use of AgBF4 and CuCl. Copper salts were found to promote the transformation of the intermediary 4-isoxazolines into 2-acylaziridines and both 3-aryl- and 3-alkyl-substituted 2-acylaziridines could be prepared by using this method. Furthermore, subsequent 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides that were generated in situ from the intermediary 2-acylaziridines with maleimides was achieved in a stereoselective one-pot procedure to afford the corresponding 2-acylpyrrolidines, which consisted of an octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole skeleton. Love the way ylide: The transformation of N-(propargylic) hydroxylamines into cis-2-acylaziridines and subsequent 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of the in situ generated azomethine ylides with maleimides stereoselectively afforded 2-acylpyrrolidines. Copyright © 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
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| 11.
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論文
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Popivanova, Boryana K. ; Kostadinova, Feodora I. ; Mukaida, Naofumi
概要:
Azoxymethane (AOM) administration followed by repetitive dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) ingestion causes chronic colonic inflammation with macrophage infiltration and enhanced expression of a macrophage-tropic chemokine, CCL2, in wild-type
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(WT) mice. These mice eventually develop multiple colon tumors. In contrast, mice deficient in CCR2, a specific receptor for CCL2, exhibited less macrophage infiltration and attenuated tumor formation. WT mice transplanted with CCR2-deficient bone marrow developed fewer tumors after AOM and DSS treatment than either WT or CCR2-deficient mice transplanted with WT bone marrow. Furthermore, when injected to WT mice with multiple colon tumors, a CCL2 antagonist expression vector attenuated macrophage and granulocyte infiltration, and eventually reduced the numbers and sizes of tumors. These results implied the crucial involvement of the CCL2-CCR2 interactions in the development and progression of colon carcinoma associated with chronic inflammation.
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| 12.
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論文
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Begum, Zinnat A. ; Rahman, Ismail M. M. ; Tate, Yousuke ; Egawa, Yuji ; Maki, Teruya ; Hasegawa, Hiroshi
概要:
The protonation and complex formation equilibria of two biodegradable aminopolycarboxylate chelants {dl-2-(2-carboxymeth
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yl)nitrilotriacetic acid (GLDA) and 3-hydroxy-2,2′-iminodisuccinic acid (HIDS)} with Ni 2+, Cu 2+, Zn 2+, Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ ions were investigated using the potentiometric method at a constant ionic strength of I = 0.10 mol·dm -3 (KCl) in aqueous solutions at 25 ± 0.1 °C. The stability constants of the proton-chelant and metal-chelant species for each metal ion were determined, and the concentration distributions of various complex species in solution were evaluated for each ion. The stability constants (log 10K ML) of the complexes containing Ni 2+, Cu 2+, Zn 2+, Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ ions followed the identical order of log 10K CuL > log 10K NiL > log 10K PbL > log 10K ZnL > log 10K CdL for either GLDA (13.03 > 12.74 > 11.60 > 11.52 > 10.31) or HIDS (12.63 > 11.30 > 10.21 > 9.76 > 7.58). In each case, the constants obtained for metal-GLDA complexes were larger than the corresponding constants for metal-HIDS complexes. The conditional stability constants (log 10 {Mathematical expression}) of the metal-chelant complexes containing GLDA and HIDS were calculated in terms of pH, and compared with the stability constants for EDTA and other biodegradable chelants. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media New York.
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| 13.
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論文
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Begum, Zinnat A. ; Rahman, Ismail M. M. ; Tate, Yousuke ; Egawa, Yuji ; Maki, Teruya ; Hasegawa, Hiroshi
概要:
The protonation and complex formation equilibria of two biodegradable aminopolycarboxylate chelants {dl-2-(2-carboxymeth
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yl)nitrilotriacetic acid (GLDA) and 3-hydroxy-2,2′-iminodisuccinic acid (HIDS)} with Ni 2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+ and Pb 2+ ions were investigated using the potentiometric method at a constant ionic strength of I = 0.10 mol·dm-3 (KCl) in aqueous solutions at 25 ± 0.1 C. The stability constants of the proton-chelant and metal-chelant species for each metal ion were determined, and the concentration distributions of various complex species in solution were evaluated for each ion. The stability constants (log10 K ML) of the complexes containing Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ ions followed the identical order of log10 K CuL > log10 K NiL > log10 K PbL > log10 K ZnL > log10 K CdL for either GLDA (13.03 > 12.74 > 11.60 > 11.52 > 10.31) or HIDS (12.63 > 11.30 > 10.21 > 9.76 > 7.58). In each case, the constants obtained for metal-GLDA complexes were larger than the corresponding constants for metal-HIDS complexes. The conditional stability constants (log10 $$ K-{\text{ML}}^{'} $$) of the metal-chelant complexes containing GLDA and HIDS were calculated in terms of pH, and compared with the stability constants for EDTA and other biodegradable chelants. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media New York.
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| 14.
図書 |
図書
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Nagarjuna ; aus dem chinesischen Text des Kumarajiva übersetzt und mit einem Kommentar herausgegeben von Lutz Geldsetzer
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| 15.
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論文
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Kato, Takehiro ; Kotaka, Hiroki ; Ishii, Fumiyuki
概要:
Using first-principles method, we investigated the electronic states of Bi2Te3 and Bi2Se3. We showed that both Bi2Te3 an
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d Bi2Se3 are insulators with a bulk band gap. In contrast, the surface states of Bi2Te3 and Bi2Se3 films have a metallic band connecting the conduction and valence bands. The films have an energy gap at the (Formula presented.) point when the film thickness is less than four quintuple layers (QLs), or about 30 Å. The energy gaps are closed at six QLs and four QLs for Bi2Te3 and Bi2Se3, respectively. We confirmed the metallicity up to nine QLs. Furthermore, we investigated the spin structures of nine-QL films at the Fermi energy in momentum space. We found that both the Bi2Te3 and Bi2Se3 films have Rashba-type spin textures; i.e. the surface states have spin–polarisation. To investigate the spatial distribution of the spin, we decomposed the expected values of the spin for each atom. The expected values of the spin are localised within the third QL from the surface. Our results of nine-QL films clearly show the boundary between the bulk and surface regions.
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| 16.
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論文
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Echizen, Kanae ; Hirose, Osamu ; Maeda, Yusuke ; Oshima, Masanobu
概要:
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and its downstream product prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) play a key role in generation of the inflamm
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atory microenvironment in tumor tissues. Gastric cancer is closely associated with Helicobacter pylori infection, which stimulates innate immune responses through Toll-like receptors (TLRs), inducing COX-2/PGE2 pathway through nuclear factor-κB activation. A pathway analysis of human gastric cancer shows that both the COX-2 pathway and Wnt/β-catenin signaling are significantly activated in tubular-type gastric cancer, and basal levels of these pathways are also increased in other types of gastric cancer. Expression of interleukin-11, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1), CXCL2, and CXCL5, which play tumor-promoting roles through a variety of mechanisms, is induced in a COX-2/PGE2 pathway-dependent manner in both human and mouse gastric tumors. Moreover, the COX-2/PGE2 pathway plays an important role in the maintenance of stemness with expression of stem cell markers, including CD44, Prom1, and Sox9, which are induced in both gastritis and gastric tumors through a COX-2/PGE2-dependent mechanism. In contrast, disruption of Myd88 results in suppression of the inflammatory microenvironment in gastric tumors even when the COX-2/PGE2 pathway is activated, indicating that the interplay of the COX-2/PGE2 and TLR/MyD88 pathways is needed for inflammatory response in tumor tissues. Furthermore, TLR2/MyD88 signaling plays a role in maintenance of stemness in normal stem cells as well as gastric tumor cells. Accordingly, these results suggest that targeting the COX-2/PGE2 pathway together with TLR/MyD88 signaling, which would suppress the inflammatory microenvironment and maintenance of stemness, could be an effective preventive or therapeutic strategy for gastric cancer. © 2016 Japanese Cancer Association.
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| 17.
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論文
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Yamakawa, Daishi ; Kidoya, Hiroyasu ; Sakimoto, Susumu ; Jia, Weizhen ; Naito, Hisamichi ; Takakura, Nobuyuki ; 内藤, 尚道 ; 高倉, 伸幸
概要:
金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系<br />Tie2 is a receptor tyrosine kinase expressed on vascular endothelial cells (ECs). It has dual roles
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in promoting angiogenesis and stabilizing blood vessels, and it has been suggested that Tie2 forms dimers and/or oligomers in the absence of angiopoietin-1 (Ang1); however, the mechanism of ligand-independent dimerization of Tie2 and its biological significance have not been clarified. Using a bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay and a kinase-inactive Tie2 mutant, we show here that ligand-independent Tie2 dimerization is induced without Tie2 phosphorylation. Moreover, based on the fact that Tie1 never forms heterodimers with Tie2 in the absence of Ang1 despite having high amino acid sequence homology with Tie2, we searched for ligand-independent dimerization domains of Tie2 by reference to the difference with Tie1. We found that the YIA sequence of the intracellular domain of Tie2 corresponding to the LAS sequence in Tie1 is essential for this dimerization. When the YIA sequence was replaced by LAS in Tie2 (Tie2YIA/LAS), ligand-independent dimer was not formed in the absence of Ang1. When activation of Tie2YIA/LAS was induced by a high dose of Ang1, phosphorylation of Tie2 was limited compared with wild-type Tie2, resulting in retardation of activation of Erk downstream of Tie2. Therefore, these data suggest that ligand-independent dimerization of Tie2 is essential for a strong response upon stimulation with high dose Ang1. © 2013 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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| 18.
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論文
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18. The Effect of Tree Planting within Roadside Green Space on Dispersion of CO2 from Transportation
Aini, Nurul ; Shen, Zhenjiang
概要:
Transportation has become one of the most significant contributors to CO2 in the world because of its fuel usage. Trees are planted on the roadside to reduce levels of CO2 in the air because trees have the ability to absorb CO2 to be used
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in the photosynthesis process. This ability will be maximized if the dispersion of CO2 is concentrated around the tree. However, there are some differing results from previous studies regarding this. Some research results have found trees can increase CO2 concentration and vice versa. Accordingly, this study aims to evaluate the effect of tree planting on the roadside in dispersing CO2 using a real 3D environment. The methods used in this research are CO2 emission analysis to obtain the amount of CO2. Then, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis is used to simulate the dispersion of CO2 in the study area both without trees and with trees. However, due to the mixing of air and CO2, this simulation uses a scalar mixing analysis. Some conditions are considered, such as the characteristics of buildings, the characteristics of trees, and environmental conditions. The result indicates that trees can decrease the velocity and increase the concentration of CO2 on the roadside but decrease CO2 concentration on the road. Tree planting can decrease the velocity by 4.3% in the value range 0.9-1 m/s. This condition increases CO2 concentration on the roadside. Trees can increase CO2 by 25% on the right of a roadside and increase CO2 concentration by 10% on the left side.
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| 19.
その他 |
その他
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Hori, Osamu
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| 20.
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その他
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Hori, Osamu
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| 21.
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その他
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Hori, Osamu
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| 22.
その他 |
その他
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Hori, Osamu
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| 23.
その他 |
その他
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Hori, Osamu
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| 24.
その他 |
その他
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Hori, Osamu
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| 25.
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論文
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Matsuo, Jun-ichi ; Okuno, Ryosuke ; Ishibashi, Hiroyuki
概要:
2-Carbomethoxycyclobutanone reacted with N-phenyl-C-arylnitrones to afford methyl 5-oxo-2-[aryl(phenylamino)methyl]tetra
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hydrofuran-2-carboxylates by the catalysis of indium(III) triflate in the presence of magnesium sulfate. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 26.
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論文
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Matsuo, Jun-ichi ; Okuno, Ryosuke ; Ishibashi, Hiroyuki
概要:
2-Carbomethoxycyclobutanone reacted with N-phenyl-C-arylnitrones to afford methyl 5-oxo-2-[aryl(phenylamino)methyl]tetra
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hydrofuran-2-carboxylates by the catalysis of indium(III) triflate in the presence of magnesium sulfate. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 27.
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論文
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Yamada, Koji ; Somei, Masanori
概要:
Photoirradiation of 1-ethoxy-2-phenylindole in methanol and the reaction of 1-hydroxy-2-phenylindole with tosyl chloride
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produced 6-ethoxy- and 6-tosyloxy-2-phenylindoles, respectively, as minor products. The latter was derived to 6-ethoxy-2-phenylindole. The structure is determined by direct comparison of the spectral data with those of the authentic 4-, 5-, 6-, and 7-ethoxy-2-phenylindoles whose syntheses are reported in detail. © 2012 The Japan Institute of Heterocyclic Chemistry.
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| 28.
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論文
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Ito, Tatsuro ; Sato, Jugo
概要:
TD-pairs of type II over C with shape 1, 2, ..., 2, 1 are classified by constructing all of them explicitly as certain s
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ort of tensor product of two L-pairs in a matrix form involving 8 parameters in addition to the diameter. Six of the 8 parameters describe the eigenvalues and the other two give the zeros of the Drinfel'd polynomial. © 2014 Elsevier Inc.
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| 29.
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論文
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Nakata, Shunji ; Maeda, Ryoji ; Kawae, Takeshi ; Morimoto, Akiharu ; Shimizu, Tatsuo
概要:
A thin-film structure comprising Al2O3/Al-rich Al2O3/SiO2 was fabricated on Si substrate. We used radio-frequency magnet
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ron co-sputtering with Al metal plates set on an Al2O3 target to fabricate the Al-rich Al2O 3 thin film, which is used as a charge storage layer for nonvolatile Al2O3 memory. We investigated the charge trapping characteristics of the film. When the applied voltage between the gate and the substrate is increased, the hysteresis window of capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics becomes larger, which is caused by the charge trapping in the film. For a fabricated Al-O capacitor structure, we clarified experimentally that the maximum capacitance in the C-V hysteresis agrees well with the series capacitance of insulators and that the minimum capacitance agrees well with the series capacitance of the semiconductor depletion layer and stacked insulator. When the Al content in the Al-rich Al2O3 is increased, a large charge trap density is obtained. When the Al content in the Al-O is changed from 40 to 58%, the charge trap density increases from 0 to 18 × 1018 cm-3, which is 2.6 times larger than that of the trap memory using SiN as the charge storage layer. The device structure would be promising for low-cost nonvolatile memory. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 30.
電子ブック |
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| 31.
電子ブック |
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| 32.
論文 |
論文
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Nakano, Tomoyuki ; Shinsei, Naoki ; Ishida, Masahiro ; Tanaka, Yasunori ; Uesugi, Yoshihiko ; Ishijima, Tatsuo
概要:
This paper reports enhancement effect of N2/O2 gas addition in thermal plasma irradiation on the spallation phenomena fr
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om polyamide-66 (PA66) specimens with water absorption. The polyamide materials are widely used, for example, in low-voltage circuit breakers and arcing horns as ablation material. In such devices, the polymer is often contacted with arc discharges to be ablated, which increases the arc current interruption ability of the circuit breakers. In our previous experiments, not only ablation but also spallation phenomena had been found to occur from PA66 specimens with water absorption by Ar thermal plasma irradiation. The present work was conducted to investigate effect of N2/O2 inclusion in the irradiating thermal plasma on the occurrence of spallation phenomena because the air circuit breaker was used in air. Relative oxygen admixture ratio to N2 was changed from 0% to 100% with a fixed heat flux irradiated to PA66 specimens. Results indicated that O2 inclusion effectively promotes the frequency of spallation particle ejection from PA66 specimen with 3 wt% water absorption. © 2013 IEEE.
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| 33.
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論文
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Tang, Ning ; Sato, Kousuke ; Tokuda, Takahiro ; Tatematsu, Michiya ; Hama, Hirotaka ; Suematsu, Chikako ; Kameda, Takayuki ; Toriba, Akira ; Hayakawa, Kazuichi
概要:
Airborne particulates were collected at a background site (Wajima Air Monitoring Station; WAMS) on the Noto Peninsula, J
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apan from January 2006 to December 2007. 1-, 2-nitropyrenes (1-, 2-NPs) and 2-nitrofluoranthene (2-NFR), in the particulates were determined with a sensitive HPLC method with chemiluminescence detection. The average concentrations were higher in winter than in summer. A meteorological analysis indicated that the air samples collected in winter were transported mainly from Northeast China over the Japan Sea. Both the concentration ratios of 2-NFR to 1-NP and 1-NP to pyrene were similar to those in Shenyang in Northeast China which located along the air transportation route to WAMS, but not in Kanazawa which near WAMS. These results strongly suggest that most of the atmospheric 1-, 2-NPs and 2-NFR at WAMS in winter were long range transported from Northeast China. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 34.
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論文
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Yamaguchi, Junpei ; Sasaki, Motoko ; Sato, Yasunori ; Itatsu, Keita ; Harada, Kenichi ; Zen, Yoh ; Ikeda, Hiroko ; Nimura, Yuji ; Nagino, Masato ; Nakanuma, Yasuni
概要:
医薬保健研究域医学系<br />Polycomb group protein EZH2, frequently overexpressed in malignant tumors, is the catalytic subunit of p
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olycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2). PRC2 interacts with HDACs in transcriptional silencing and relates to tumor suppressor loss. We examined the expression of HDAC isoforms (HDAC 1 and 2) and EZH2, and evaluated the possible use of HDAC inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) and EZH2 repressor for gallbladder carcinoma. We used 48 surgically resected gallbladders and cultures of human gallbladder epithelial cells (HGECs), gallbladder carcinoma (TGBC2TKB), and cholangiocarcinoma (HuCCT-1 and TFK-1) cell lines for examination. Immunohistochemically, EZH2 was overexpressed in gallbladder carcinoma, especially poorly differentiated carcinoma, but not in normal epithelium. In contrast, HDAC1/2 were expressed in both carcinoma and normal epithelium in vivo. This pattern was verified in cultured cells; EZH2 was highly expressed only in TGBC2TKB, whereas HDAC1/2 were expressed in HGECs and TGBC2TKB. Interestingly, SAHA treatment caused significant cell number decline in three carcinoma cells, and this effect was synergized with EZH2 siRNA treatment; however, HGECs were resistant to SAHA. In TGBC2TKB cells, the expression of EZH2 and HDAC1/2 were decreased by SAHA treatment, and p16INK4a, E-cadherin, and p21were simultaneously activated; however, no such findings were obtained in HGECs, suggesting that the effect of SAHA depends on the EZH2-mediated tumor suppressor loss. In conclusion, this study suggests a possible mechanism by which carcinoma cells but not normal cells are sensitive to SAHA and indicates the efficacy of this new anticancer agent in combination with EZH2 repression in gallbladder carcinoma. © 2009 Japanese Cancer Association.
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| 35.
論文 |
論文
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Inoue, Daiki ; Kaido, Daisuke ; Yoshikawa, Yuta ; Minegishi, Mitsuyuki ; Matsumoto, Koichi ; Abe, Satoshi ; Murayama, Shigeyuki ; 松本, 宏一 ; 阿部, 聡
概要:
金沢大学理工研究域数物科学系<br />We have measured linear thermal expansion and magnetostriction of single crystal CeRu2Si2 that is we
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ll known as a heavy fermion metamagnetic compound. Thermal expansion and magnetostriction along the a-axis (B | a) and the c-axis (B | c) were measured by the capacitive dilatometer at temperatures down to 12 mK and in magnetic fields up to 9 T. We observed a strong anisotropy between a and c axis. In addition, negative deviations from Landau-Fermi liquid behavior for thermal expansion and magnetostriction coefficients were found below 50 mK and 0.4 T indicating non Fermi liquid behavior. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.<br />出版社版
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| 36.
論文 |
論文
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Lan, Fei ; Misu, Hirofumi ; Chikamoto, Keita ; Takayama, Hiroaki ; Kikuchi, Akihiro ; Mohri, Kensuke ; Takata, Noboru ; Hayashi, Hiroto ; Matsuzawa-Nagata, Naoto ; Takeshita, Yumie ; Noda, Hiroyo ; Matsumoto, Yukako ; Ota, Tsuguhito ; Nagano, Toru ; Nakagen, Masatoshi ; Miyamoto, Ken-ichi ; Takatsuki, Kanako ; Seo, Toru ; Iwayama, Kaito ; Tokuyama, Kunpei ; Matsugo, Seiichi ; Tang, Hong ; Saito, Yoshiro ; Yamagoe, Satoshi ; Kaneko, Shuichi ; Takamura, Toshinari
概要:
Recent articles have reported an association between fatty liver disease and systemic insulin resistance in humans, but
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the causal relationship remains unclear. The liver may contribute to muscle insulin resistance by releasing secretory proteins called hepatokines. Here we demonstrate that leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2), an energy-sensing hepatokine, is a link between obesity and skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Circulating LECT2 positively correlated with the severity of both obesity and insulin resistance in humans. LECT2 expression was negatively regulated by starvation-sensing kinase adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase in H4IIEC hepatocytes. Genetic deletion of LECT2 in mice increased insulin sensitivity in the skeletal muscle. Treatment with recombinant LECT2 protein impaired insulin signaling via phosphorylation of Jun NH2-terminal kinase in C2C12 myocytes. These results demonstrate the involvement of LECT2 in glucose metabolism and suggest that LECT2 may be a therapeutic target for obesity-associated insulin resistance. © 2014 by the American Diabetes Association.
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| 37.
図書 |
図書
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37. Primes of the form x[2] + ny[2] : Fermat, class field theory, and complex multiplication. 2nd ed
David A. Cox
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| 38.
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論文
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Takakura, Hisashi ; Furuichi, Yasuro ; Yamada, Tatsuya ; Jue, Thomas ; Ojino, Minoru ; Hashimoto, Takeshi ; Iwase, Satoshi ; Hojo, Tatsuya ; Izawa, Tetsuya ; Masuda, Kazumi
概要:
At onset of muscle contraction, myoglobin (Mb) immediately releases its bound O2 to the mitochondria. Accordingly, intra
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cellular O2 tension (PmbO2) markedly declines in order to increase muscle O2 uptake (mVO2). However, whether the change in PmbO2 during muscle contraction modulates mVO2 and whether the O2 release rate from Mb increases in endurance-trained muscles remain unclear. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to determine the effect of endurance training on O2 saturation of Mb (SmbO2) and PmbO2 kinetics during muscle contraction. Male Wistar rats were subjected to a 4-week swimming training (Tr group; 6 days per week, 30 min x 4 sets per day) with a weight load of 2% body mass. After the training period, deoxygenated Mb kinetics during muscle contraction were measured using near-infrared spectroscopy under hemoglobin-free medium perfusion. In the Tr group, the mVO2peak significantly increased by 32%. Although the PmbO2 during muscle contraction did not affect the increased mVO2 in endurance-trained muscle, the O2 release rate from Mb increased because of the increased Mb concentration and faster decremental rate in SmbO2 at the maximal twitch tension. These results suggest that the Mb dynamics during muscle contraction are contributing factors to faster VO2 kinetics in endurance-trained muscle. © 2015, Nature Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
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| 39.
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その他
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| 40.
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論文
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Takakura, Hisashi ; Ojino, Minoru ; Jue, Thomas ; Yamada, Tatsuya ; Furuichi, Yasuro ; Hashimoto, Takeshi ; Iwase, Satoshi ; Masuda, Kazumi
概要:
Under acute hypoxic conditions, the muscle oxygen uptake (m (Formula presented.) O2) during exercise is reduced by the r
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estriction in oxygen-supplied volume to the mitochondria within the peripheral tissue. This suggests the existence of a factor restricting the m (Formula presented.) O2 under hypoxic conditions at the peripheral tissue level. Therefore, this study set out to test the hypothesis that the restriction in m (Formula presented.) O2 is regulated by the net decrease in intracellular oxygen tension equilibrated with myoglobin oxygen saturation (∆PmbO2) during muscle contraction under hypoxic conditions. The hindlimb of male Wistar rats (8 weeks old, n = 5) was perfused with hemoglobin-free Krebs–Henseleit buffer equilibrated with three different fractions of O2 gas: 95.0%O2, 71.3%O2, and 47.5%O2. The deoxygenated myoglobin (Mb) kinetics during muscle contraction were measured under each oxygen condition with a near-infrared spectroscopy. The ∆[deoxy-Mb] kinetics were converted to oxygen saturation of myoglobin (SmbO2), and the PmbO2 was then calculated based on the SmbO2 and the O2 dissociation curve of the Mb. The SmbO2 and PmbO2 at rest decreased with the decrease in O2 supply, and the muscle contraction caused a further decrease in SmbO2 and PmbO2 under all O2 conditions. The net increase in m (Formula presented.) O2 from the muscle contraction (∆m (Formula presented.) O2) gradually decreased as the ∆PmbO2 decreased during muscle contraction. The results of this study suggest that ΔPmbO2 is a key determinant of the Δm (Formula presented.) O2. © 2017 The Authors. Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Physiological Society and the American Physiological Society.
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| 41.
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論文
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Begum, Zinnat A. ; Rahman, Ismail M. M. ; Sawai, Hikaru ; Tate, Yousuke ; Maki, Teruya ; Hasegawa, Hiroshi
概要:
The complex formation equilibria of Cr3+ and Fe3+ ions in aqueous solution with two biodegradable aminopolycarboxylate c
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helants (dl-2-(2-carboxymethyl)nitrilotriacetic acid (GLDA) and 3-hydroxy-2,2'- iminodisuccinic acid (HIDS)) were investigated. The potentiometric data obtained at the constant ionic strengths (I) of (0.1 and 1.0) mol·dm-3 KCl and at (25 ± 0.1) °C was processed with the aid of the computer program HYPERQUAD 2008. The formation constants of the proton-chelant and metal-chelant (log KML) species (M = Fe3+ or Cr 3+; L = GLDA or HIDS) were determined, and the concentration distributions of complex species in solution were evaluated for both metal ions. In various pH conditions, the interaction between the chelants (L = GLDA or HIDS) and the metal ions (M = Fe3+ or Cr3+) leads to the formation of different complexes formulated as MH2L+, MHL, ML-, M(OH)L2-, and M(OH)2L3-. The log KML values at I = 0.1 mol·dm-3 KCl (T = (25 ± 0.1) °C) were 15.27 (log KFe-GLDA), 14.96 (log K Fe-HIDS), 13.77 (log KCr-GLDA), 12.67 (log K Cr-HIDS), and at I = 1.0 mol·dm-3 KCl (T = (25 ± 0.1) °C) were 14.79 (log KFe-GLDA), 14.34 (log K Fe-HIDS), 12.90 (log KCr-GLDA), 12.09 (log K Cr-HIDS). The conditional stability constants (log K'ML) of the ML complexes were calculated in terms of pH in the range of 2 to 12 and compared with the same for EDTA and other biodegradable chelants (NTA and EDDS). © 2012 American Chemical Society.
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| 42.
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図書
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Michael R. Green, Joseph Sambrook
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| 43.
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論文
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Tanaka, Shigeo M.
概要:
In bone cells, intracellular Ca2+ (iCa2+) functions as a second messenger in the mechanotransduction pathway. Its responses to mechanical stimulation can be observed microscopically on a rigid flat surface with a Ca2+ fluorescent
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indicator, generally, under fluid flow. However, bone cells are physiologically exposed to dynamic loading accompanied by bone matrix deformation. In this situation, microscopic methods of observing iCa2+ responses cannot be used because of the loss of focus or movement of cells out of the observation area. The purpose of this study was to develop a compact optical device for the observation of iCa2+ responses of osteoblasts to dynamic loadings accompanied by substrate deformation. This system comprised four light emitting diodes (LEDs) and a photodetector (PD) placed underneath a culture chamber, specifically designed for tissue-level iCa2+ observations. This device was used to study the frequency dependence of iCa2+ responses of osteoblasts to dynamic loading. MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts were cultured three-dimensionally in a collagen sponge scaffold with the fluorescent Ca2+ indicator Fluo-4 AM and mechanically stimulated by a 0.2% deformation of the sponge at 0.2, 2, or 20 Hz for 150 s. Our device succeeded in detecting temporal changes in the intensity of emitted fluorescent light, showing a frequency-dependent increase in fluorescence intensity. This device may contribute to further understanding of the mechanosensing and mechanotransduction mechanisms in bone under near-physiological conditions.
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| 44.
論文 |
論文
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Izumi, Kouji ; Mizokami, Atsushi ; Lin, Hsiu-Ping ; Ho, Hui-Min ; Iwamoto, Hiroaki ; Maolake, Aerken ; Natsagdorj, Ariunbold ; Kitagawa, Yasuhide ; Kadono, Yoshifumi ; Miyamoto, Hiroshi ; Huang, Chiung-Kuei ; Namiki, Mikio ; Lin, Wen-Jye
概要:
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is regarded as the most sensitive biomarker for prostate cancer. Although androgen/andro
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gen receptor (AR) signaling promotes prostate cancer progression, suppression of AR signaling induces chemokine (CC motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), which enables prostate cancer cells to gain metastatic potential. AR-controlled PSA alone may be an unreliable biomarker for patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy. Therefore, we investigated the validity of CCL2 as a complementary biomarker to PSA for prostate cancer. Our in vitro approach of enriching for prostate cancer cells with higher migration potential showed that CCL2 activated cellular migration. Importantly, we found that CCL2 levels were significantly different between men (n = 379) with and without prostate cancer. Patients with CCL2 ≥ 320 pg/mL had worse overall survival and prostate cancer -specific survival than those with CCL2 < 320 pg/mL. A novel risk classification was developed according to the risk factors CCL2 ≥ 320 pg/mL and PSA ≥ 100 ng/mL, and scores of 2, 1, and 0 were defined as poor, intermediate, and good risk, respectively, and clearly distinguished patient outcomes. CCL2 may serve as a novel biomarker for prostate cancer. The novel risk classification based on combining CCL2 and PSA is more reliable than using either alone.
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| 45.
論文 |
論文
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Fukuyoshi, Shuichi ; Ooi, Takashi ; Nakagaki, Ryoichi
概要:
The crystal structure of 2-[1-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)ethyl]-1,10-phenanthroline was determined by X-ray crystallography. The
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compound crystallizes in a monoclinic system and was characterized thus: P21/n, a = 15.477(2), b = 5.1818(6), c = 21.754(2)Å, β = 96.295(3)°, Z = 4, V = 1734.12 Å3. The crystal structure was solved by direct methods and refined by full-matrix least-squares on F2 to final values of R = 0.0600.
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| 46.
論文 |
論文
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Ebisu, Haruka ; Iwai-Takekoshi, Lena ; Fujita-Jimbo, Eriko ; Momoi, Takashi ; Kawasaki, Hiroshi
概要:
The molecular mechanisms underlying the formation of the thalamus during development have been investigated intensively.
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Although transcription factors distinguishing the thalamic primordium from adjacent brain structures have been uncovered, those involved in patterning inside the thalamus are largely unclear. Here, we show that Foxp2, a member of the forkhead transcription factor family, regulates thalamic patterning during development. We found a graded expression pattern of Foxp2 in the thalamic primordium of the mouse embryo. The expression levels of Foxp2 were high in the posterior region and low in the anterior region of the thalamic primordium. In Foxp2 (R552H) knockin mice, which have a missense loss-of-function mutation in the forkhead domain of Foxp2, thalamic nuclei of the posterior region of the thalamus were shrunken, while those of the intermediate region were expanded. Consistently, Foxp2 (R552H) knockin mice showed changes in thalamocortical projection patterns. Our results uncovered important roles of Foxp2 in thalamic patterning and thalamocortical projections during development. © 2017 Author.<br />Embargo Period 12 months
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| 47.
論文 |
論文
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Sato, Hiroshi ; Takino, Takahisa
概要:
Membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MT1-MMP) mediates cleavage of not only MMP-2/gelatinase A for activation, but
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also a variety of substrates including type I collagen (reviewed in Cancer Sci 2005; 96: 212-7). MMP-2 activation involves tissue inhibitor of MMP (TIMP)-2 as a bridging molecule between MT1-MMP and pro-MMP-2. Thus, net activity of MT1-MMP and MMP-2 is regulated in a complex manner depending on TIMP-2 concentration. During invasive growth of tumor cells in type I collagen matrix, MT1-MMP initiates denaturation of collagen into gelatin, which is subsequently digested further by MMP-2 adjacent to MT1-MMP. Coordinate action of MT1-MMP and MMP-2 may facilitate pericellular proteolysis, and enhance not only tumor invasion/migration but also cell growth. Tetraspanins as binding proteins of MT1-MMP regulate MT1-MMP subcellular localization and compartmentalization, leading to efficient MMP-2 activation and proteolysis coupled with cellular function. © 2010 Japanese Cancer Association.
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| 48.
論文 |
論文
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Tajiri, Ryosuke ; Ooi, Akishi ; Fujimura, Takashi ; Dobashi, Yoh ; Oyama, Takeru ; Nakamura, Ritsuko ; Ikeda, Hiroko
概要:
A humanized monoclonal antibody against ERBB2 is used in neoadjuvant therapy for patients with gastric cancer. A critica
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l factor in determining patient eligibility and predicting outcomes of this therapy is the intratumoral heterogeneity of ERBB2 amplification in gastric adenocarcinomas. The aims of this study are to assess the underlying mechanisms of intratumoral heterogeneity of ERBB2 amplification; to characterize the diversity of coamplified oncogenes such as EGFR, FGFR2, MET, MYC, CCND1, and MDM2; and to examine the usefulness of multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) in the semicomprehensive detection of these gene amplifications. A combined analysis of immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed ERBB2-amplified cancer cells in 51 of 475 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded gastric adenocarcinomas. The fraction of amplification-positive cells in each tumor ranged from less than 10% to almost 100%. Intratumoral heterogeneity of ERBB2 amplification, defined as less than 50% of cancer cells positive for ERBB2 amplification, was found in 41% (21/51) of ERBB2-amplified tumors. The combined analysis of MLPA and fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed that ERBB2 was coamplified with EGFR in 7 tumors, FGFR2 in 1 tumor, and FGFR2 and MET in 1 tumor; however, the respective genes were amplified in mutually exclusive cells. Coamplified ERBB2 and MYC coexisted within single nuclei in 4 tumors, and one of these cases had suspected coamplification in the same amplicon of ERBB2 with MYC. In conclusion, the amplification status of ERBB2 and other genes can be obtained semicomprehensively by MLPA and could be useful to plan individualized molecularly targeted therapy against gastric cancers. © 2014 Elsevier Inc.
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| 49.
図書 |
図書
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Stéphanie Porchy-Simon
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| 50.
図書 |
図書
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Walker, Grant ; Wood, Reginald M. W.
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