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Pan, Haixiao ; Zheng, Yuming ; Wang, Zizhan
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To explore the impact of geographical location, built environment, public transportation service and individual socioeco
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nomic attributes on commuting carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, a survey was conducted in 27 residential compounds of Shanghai in 2016. In this paper, commuting distance was calculated according to a Baidu map application programming interface (API). CO2 emissions were calculated based on the mode used in each segment of commuting and distance travelled. Through the use of a multiple linear regression model, factors of personal socioeconomic attributes, including gender, occupation and apartment area, were significant to commuting CO2 emissions. In terms of the public transport service, the distance from compounds to the nearest metro station was found to be a significant factor on CO2 emissions, whereas the built environment, such as parking space and employment density, had a weak impact in our study. In addition, even when living near a metro station, the top 20% of travellers’ CO2 emissions can account for approximately 80% of the total CO2 emissions. Hence, policies to reduce those people’s commuting CO2 emissions are worth further exploring.
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Kikuchi, Akihiro ; Takayama, Hiroaki ; Tsugane, Hirohiko ; Shiba, Kazuhiro ; Chikamoto, Keita ; Yamamoto, Tatsuya ; Matsugo, Seiichi ; Ishii, Kiyoaki ; Misu, Hirofumi ; Takamura, Toshinari ; 菊地, 晶裕 ; 柴, 和弘 ; 松郷, 誠一 ; 石井, 清朗 ; 御簾, 博文 ; 篁, 俊成
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金沢大学疾患モデル総合研究センター<br />Leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2) is a hepatokine that causes skeletal muscle insulin r
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esistance. The circulating levels of LECT2 are a possible biomarker that can predict weight cycling because they reflect liver fat and precede the onset of weight loss or gain. Herein, to clarify the dynamics of this rapid change in serum LECT2 levels, we investigated the in vivo kinetics of LECT2, including its plasma half-life and tissue distribution, by injecting 125I-labelled LECT2 into ICR mice and radioactivity tracing. The injected LECT2 was eliminated from the bloodstream within 10 min (approximate half-life, 5 min). In the kidneys, the radioactivity accumulated within 10 min after injection and declined thereafter. Conversely, the radioactivity in urine increased after 30 min of injection, indicating that LECT2 is mainly excreted by the kidneys into the urine. Finally, LECT2 accumulated in the skeletal muscle and liver until 30 min and 2 min after injection, respectively. LECT2 accumulation was not observed in the adipose tissue. These findings are in agreement with LECT2 action on the skeletal muscle. The present study indicates that LECT2 is a rapid-turnover protein, which renders the circulating level of LECT2 a useful rapid-response biomarker to predict body weight alterations. © 2020, The Author(s).<br />CC-BY 4.0
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Okayama, Miki ; Inagaki, Michiko ; Tasaki, Keiko ; 岡山, 未来 ; 稲垣, 美智子 ; 多崎, 恵子
概要:
Purpose:When beginning dialysis treatment, patients with type ２ diabetes face a need to build new relationships, as supp
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ort receivers, with the people close to them, who become support givers. Taking as our base “social competence”, i.e. the ability to connect with people and build society, we created a social competence scale for Japanese patients with type ２ diabetes receiving dialysis. This study tested the reliability and validity of the scale. Method:This is a cross-sectional study that focuses on Japanese patients with type ２ diabetes receiving dialysis (n=１６３, males=１２１, females=４２). The mean age of the patients was ６５.１±１０.３ (range ４４-９１). The mean duration of dialysis was ６.０±４.７ years (range ０.５-２５). Our data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis, criterion related validity, and reliability testing.Results:The final version of the social competence scale for patients with type ２ diabetes receiving dialysis was composed of ５ factors, with ３２ items. All ３２ items had a Cronbach’s α of ０.８９, with a total distribution of ４９.０５%. The scale showed a significant correlation with KiSS-１８.Conclusion:This study suggests that a social competence scale for Japanese patients with type ２ diabetes receiving dialysis may be used as an essential tool for nurses in assessing the relationships between patients and those close to them. Also, by clarifying the constituent factors of social competence in patients with type ２ diabetes receiving dialysis, the study enables nurses to develop education programs for patients to cultivate their social competence. The study therefore facilitates the provision of better care in practical clinical care settings.
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Nakabayashi, Makoto ; 中林, 誠
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Purpose: To clarify how patients with type 2 diabetes viewed their relationship with theirsignificant other prior to dia
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betes onset, and how they managed the relationship and livedafter onset.Methods: Unstructured interviews were carried out using a phenomenological approachfor 11 patients with type 2 diabetes and no severe complications, and the obtained datawere interpreted.Results: Three themes were discovered and described: ( 1) The patient “naturally”cared for their significant other, but due to the circumstances of the relationship, it wasimpossible to devote sufficient energy to deal with their diabetes; (2) The patient is hurtemotionally when people around them bring up diabetes, but feels comfortable whenpeople talk about the patient themselves; ( 3) The experience of understanding theirposition in the relationship with their significant other and finding ways to address this ledto recognizing the value of the existence of significant others.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that when patients feel emotionally hurt, healthprofessionals should consider the possibility that they may be concerned about theirrelationships with others. Being mindful of caring for those patients and being a goodlistener will facilitate the patients’ path towards resolving the problems they experience.
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Takahashi, Kei ; Inagaki, Michiko ; Tasaki, Keiko ; Horiguchi, Tomomi ; 髙橋, 慧 ; 稲垣, 美智子 ; 多崎, 恵子 ; 堀口, 智美
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Education for patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes is important because it canhelp to reduce the risks of compl
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ications by encouraging strict blood glucose control fromthe earliest stages of the disease. In education for newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, it isimportant for patients to develop a deep understanding of having diabetes along with anattitude toward preparing for medical treatment. Moreover, an index is needed to evaluatewhether patients receiving such education after diagnosis are properly prepared for life asa diabetes patient. This study was performed to develop a scale for evaluating recuperationattitude at the time of education for patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.Twenty-four items were created for the draft scale by referring to previous research andHerzberg’s motivation-hygiene theory, which was then administered to 174 patients withtype 2 diabetes. Exploratory factor analysis yielded four factors with 16 items: undertakingrecuperation as a diabetes patient (Factor 1), looking back on a poor diet and trying tofix it (Factor 2), trying to study diabetes comprehensively (Factor 3), doing what can bedone now (Factor 4). The cumulative contribution of these factors before rotation was65.58%, indicating good construct validity. Significant and positive correlations were foundbetween this scale and the Self-Efficacy Scale for Diabetes Self-care and the JapaneseTranslated “The Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Measure”; thus, the criterionrelatedvalidity was secured. The average item-level content validity index (S-CVI/Ave)was 0.90, indicating good content validity. Finally, the internal consistency was securedwith a Cronbach’s α coefficient of 0.86. Overall, the reliability and validity of this scalewere confirmed. This scale can be used to evaluate recuperation attitude at the time ofeducation for patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.
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森山, 治
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Ikemoto, Atsumi ; Inagaki, Michiko ; Tasaki, Keiko ; Horiguchi, Tomomi ; Asada, Yuya ; 池本, 温美 ; 稲垣, 美智子 ; 多崎, 恵子 ; 堀口, 智美 ; 浅田, 優也
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中村, 正人 ; 唐律疏議講読会 ; NAKAMURA, Masato ; Touritsusogi, Koudokukai
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申, 昌秀 ; SIN, Chang-su
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Maruyama, Ikuko ; Inagaki, Michiko ; Tasaki, Keiko ; Horiguchi, Tomomi ; Asada, Yuya ; 丸山, 育子 ; 稲垣, 美智子 ; 多崎, 恵子 ; 堀口, 智美 ; 浅田, 優也
概要:
Purpose: This study was performed to quantitatively verify the relationships among the“trust state” of patients with typ
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e 2 diabetes, recognition of disease uncertainty, and selfcarebehavior.Method: The present study based on Mishel’s theory of uncertainty in illness had a crosssectionalsurvey design. A questionnaire was developed to identify the state of trust. Thestudy population consisted of adults with type 2 diabetes. A total of 204 questionnaireswere distributed, and 125 completed questionnaires were recovered (response rate 61%).Participants had an average age of 53.6 (SD 9.6) years and included 71 men (62.8%) and42 women (37.2%). State of trust, awareness of disease uncertainty, and self-care behaviorwere evaluated using the questionnaire. To classify the state of trust, the factor structurewas confirmed by exploratory factor analysis of the state-of-trust questionnaire. One-wayanalysis of variance and multiple comparisons were used to examine each relationship.Results: The number of items in the state of trust questionnaire was changed from tento six. As a result of the promax rotation of the main factor method, the following threefactors were extracted: “wants compatible doctors,” “trusts doctor easily,” and “receivemedical care at one’s own convenience.” Cluster analysis using factor scores of six itemsand three subscales from the state of trust questionnaire created four clusters. Thenumbers of participants per cluster were as follows: cluster 1 (high scores for “wantscompatible doctors” and “trusts doctors easily”), 22 (19%); cluster 2 (low scores for“wants compatible doctors,” “trusts doctors easily,” and “receive medical care at one’sown convenience”), 18 (16%); cluster 3, (low score for “wants compatible doctors,” butnot for “trusts doctors easily”), 21 (19%); cluster 4 (lower score for “trusts doctors easily”than “wants compatible doctors”), 52 (46%). For each of the four clusters for the state oftrust, the mean total score of uncertainty in illness perception was not equally distributed.Therefore, Welch’s test was performed, which revealed significant differences in self-carebehavior and meals between clusters 1 and 4 (p < 0.0001).Conclusion: The high rate of meals in cluster 1 suggested that creating a state of trust, i.e.,“wants compatible doctors” and “trusts doctors easily,” is important in nursing. Educationfor diabetes patients should consider their state of trust.
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