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田崎, 和江 ; 中野, 幹夫 ; 竹原, 照明 ; 石垣, 靖人 ; 中川, 秀明 ; Tazaki, Kazue ; Nakano, Mikio ; Takehara, Teruaki ; Ishigaki, Yasuhito ; Nakagawa, Hideaki
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金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系<br />2011年3月11日に発生した福島第一原発事故により放射能汚染した福島県南相馬市原町区馬場の農業用水にプラスチック製品を7ヶ月間浸して置いたところ,全9試料のうち3試料において放射線量の上昇が認
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められた.そのカーペット,PE防鳥網,荷造り用ひもの3種類について詳細な分析・観察を行った.特に,カーペットの繊維の放射線量が高く,ゲルマニウム半導体検出器による分析では,セシウム134とセシウム137が検出された.また,蛍光X線分析により,Rb,Sr,Nb,Pbも認められた.分析電子顕微鏡観察によれば,この繊維の表面には粘土の微粒子といっしょにケイソウが繁茂しており,Rb,Sr,Pbが濃集していた.放射能汚染した農業用水に浸したプラスチック繊維の表面にはケイソウが多数生息し,粘土の微粒子とともに放射性物質を吸着することが明らかになった.<br />After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident on 11 March, 2011, the high radioactive dosage was found in polluted water for agriculture use at Baba, Haramachi, Minami-Soma, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. Field experiment for decontamination of water had been studied by using commercial plastic materials. The agricultural water comes from Tetsuzan dam is full of radioactive-contaminated water. Experimental analysis showed that the plastic materials can take up radioactive elements for several months soaked in the polluted agricultural water. The quantitative analyses using X-ray fluorescence analysis, Ge semiconductor and scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM-EDS), revealed the detection of the radionuclides on the plastic materials with diatom and clays. The results suggest the adsorption of radionuclides on the surface of plastic materials due to FDNPP accident. The plastic materials associated with clays and diatoms could be stronger carriers of radionuclides in the polluted water. Adherence of diatoms to the plastic fiber in the water for 7 months suggested that some plastic materials were taking up heavy metals (Zn, Ba, Pb, Sb) with radioactive elements (Cs etc.). Mechanisms by which radioactive pollutants and microorganisms are adsorbed onto and desorbed from clays at aqueous interface can be understood by combining chemical analysis with electron microscopy observation.
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Nakanuma, Shinichi ; Miyashita, Tomoharu ; Hayashi, Hironori ; Tajima, Hidehiro ; Takamura, Hiroyuki ; Makino, Isamu ; Oyama, Katsunobu ; Nakagawara, Hisatoshi ; Fushida, Sachio ; Ohta, Tetsuo ; 中沼, 伸一 ; 宮下, 知治 ; 高村, 博之 ; 林, 泰寛 ; 田島, 秀浩 ; 牧野, 勇 ; 尾山, 勝信 ; 中川原, 寿俊 ; 伏田, 幸夫 ; 太田, 哲生
概要:
金沢大学附属病院肝胆膵・移植外科<br />Objectives: Continuous thrombocytopenia after liver transplant is associated with a less favorable
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prognosis, but this pathogenesis remains unclear. We focused on the consumption of platelets in the allograft. We assessed platelet consumption in allografts, and evaluated the pathology of platelet aggregation in an allograft tissue and its involve-ment in clinical outcomes.Materials and Methods: We took biopsy specimens from 20 patients. To examine the localization of platelet aggregation, CD42b was assayed immuno-histochemically, and its level of expression correlated with clinical data and outcomes.Results: Platelet aggregation in zone 3 was 70%, compared with 30% in zone 1 and 50% in zone 2. Platelets were found mainly as extravasated platelet aggregates in local microenvironments. Patients were stratified according to the extent of extravasated platelet aggregates in zone 3 into extravasated platelet aggregate-negative and -positive groups. Graft weight/recipient body weight ratio with the extravasated platelet aggregate-positive group was significantly lower than that of the extravasated platelet aggregate-negative group. Platelet count after surgery was lower, while total bilirubin and prothrombin time/international normalized ratio were higher in the extravasated platelet aggregate-positive than they were in the extravasated platelet aggregate-negative group.Conclusions: Extravasated platelet aggregates in the zone 3 of allograft tissue cause the consumption of platelets and continuous thrombocytopenia after transplant, and may be the clinical marker for deterioration of graft function. Platelet activation and degranulation following the release by platelets of some negative regulators may be involved partially in liver damage.
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Seiki, Takayuki ; Nagasaka, Kazunori ; Kranjec, Christian ; Kawana, Kei ; Maeda, Daichi ; Nakamura, Hiroe ; Taguchi, Ayumi ; Matsumoto, Yoko ; Arimoto, Takahide ; Wada-Hiraike, Osamu ; Oda, Katsutoshi ; Nakagawa, Shunsuke ; Yano, Tetsu ; Fukayama, Masashi ; Banks, Lawrence ; Osuga, Yutaka ; Fujii, Tomoyuki ; 前田, 大地
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金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系<br />Background: The high risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) E6 oncoproteins play an essential role in the d
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evelopment of cervical malignancy. Important cellular targets of E6 include p53 and the PDZ domain containing substrates such as hScrib and Dlg. We recently showed that hScrib activity was mediated in part through recruitment of protein phosphatase 1γ (PP1γ). Methods: Expression patterns of hScrib and PP1γ were assessed by immunohistochemistry of HPV-16 positive cervical intraepithelial neoplasm (CIN), classified as CIN1 (n=4), CIN2 (n=8), CIN3 (n=8), cervical carcinoma tissues (n=11), and HPV-negative cervical tissues (n=8), as well as by subfractionation assay of the HPV-16 positive cervical cancer cell lines, CaSki and SiHa. To explore the effects of the HPV-16 oncoproteins, we have performed siRNA knockdown of E6/E7 expression, and monitored the effects on the expression patterns of hScrib and PP1γ. Results: We show that PP1γ levels in HPV-16 positive tumour cells are reduced in an E6/E7 dependent manner. Residual PP1γ in these cells is found mostly in the cytoplasm as opposed to the nucleus where it is predominantly found in normal cells. We have found a striking concordance with redistribution in the pattern of expression (9/11; 81.8%) and loss of PP1γ expression in HPV-16 positive cervical tumours (2/11; 18.2%). Furthermore, this loss of PP1γ expression and redistribution in the pattern of expression occurs progressively as the lesions develop (8/8; 100%). Conclusion: Together, these results suggest that PP1γ may be a novel target of the HPV-16 oncoproteins and indicate that it might be a potential novel biomarker for HPV-16 induced malignancy. © Seiki et al.
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Maeda, Daichi ; Yoshiyuki, Akiyama ; Morikawa, Teppei ; Kunita, Akiko ; Ota, Yasunori ; Katoh, Hiroto ; Niimi, Aya ; Nomiya, Akira ; Ishikawa, Shumpei ; Goto, Akiteru ; Igawa, Yasuhiko ; Fukayama, Masashi ; Homma, Yukio ; 前田, 大地
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金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系<br />Interstitial cystitis (IC) is a chronic bladder disease with urinary frequency, bladder discomfort o
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r bladder pain of unknown etiology. Based on cystoscopic findings, patients with IC are classified as either Hunner-type/classic IC (HIC), presenting with a specific Hunner lesion, or non-Hunner-type IC (NHIC), presenting with no Hunner lesion, but post-hydrodistension mucosal bleeding. Inflammatory cell infiltration, composed predominantly of lymphocytes, plasma cells and epithelial denudation, has in the past been documented as a major pathological IC finding. However, the significance of the pathological evaluation of IC, especially with regard to the difference between HIC and NHIC, has been downplayed in recent years. In this study, we performed immunohistochemical quantification of infiltrating T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes and plasma cells, and measured the amount of residual epithelium in urinary bladder biopsy specimens taken from patients with HIC and NHIC, and those with no IC, using image analysis software. In addition, in situ hybridization of the light chains was performed to examine clonal B-cell expansion. Lymphoplasmacytic infiltration was significantly more severe in HIC specimens than in NHIC specimens (P <0.0001). Substantial lymphoplasmacytic inflammation (≥200 cells/mm2) was observed in 93% of HIC specimens, whereas only 8% of NHIC specimens were inflamed. Plasmacytic infiltration was more prominent in HIC specimens compared with NHIC and non-IC cystitis specimens (P <0.005). Furthermore, expansion of light-chain-restricted B-cells was observed in 31% of cases of HIC. The amount of residual epithelium was decreased in HIC specimens compared with NHIC specimens and non-IC cystitis specimens (P <0.0001). These results suggest that NHIC and HIC are distinct pathological entities, with the latter characterized by pancystitis, frequent clonal B-cell expansion and epithelial denudation. An abnormality in the B-cell population may be involved in the pathogenesis of HIC. © 2015 Maeda et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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Uehara, Yuriko ; Oda, Katsutoshi ; Ikeda, Yuji ; Koso, Takahiro ; Tsuji, Shingo ; Yamamoto, Shogo ; Asada, Kayo ; Sone, Kenbun ; Kurikawa, Reiko ; Makii, Chinami ; Hagiwara, Otoe ; Tanikawa, Michihiro ; Maeda, Daichi ; Hasegawa, Kosei ; Nakagawa, Shunsuke ; Wada-Hiraike, Osamu ; Kawana, Kei ; Fukayama, Masashi ; Fujiwara, Keiichi ; Yano, Tetsu ; Osuga, Yutaka ; Fujii, Tomoyuki ; Aburatani, Hiroyuki ; 前田, 大地
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金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系<br />Correction to: PLoS ONE https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0128066
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Uehara, Yuriko ; Oda, Katsutoshi ; Ikeda, Yuji ; Koso, Takahiro ; Tsuji, Shingo ; Yamamoto, Shogo ; Asada, Kayo ; Sone, Kenbun ; Kurikawa, Reiko ; Makii, Chinami ; Hagiwara, Otoe ; Tanikawa, Michihiro ; Maeda, Daichi ; Hasegawa, Kosei ; Nakagawa, Shunsuke ; Wada-Hiraike, Osamu ; Kawana, Kei ; Fukayama, Masashi ; Fujiwara, Keiichi ; Yano, Tetsu ; Osuga, Yutaka ; Fujii, Tomoyuki ; Aburatani, Hiroyuki ; 前田, 大地
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金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系<br />Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (CCC) is generally associated with chemoresistance and poor clinical ou
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tcome, even with early diagnosis; whereas high-grade serous carcinomas (SCs) and endometrioid carcinomas (ECs) are commonly chemosensitive at advanced stages. Although an integrated genomic analysis of SC has been performed, conclusive views on copy number and expression profiles for CCC are still limited. In this study, we performed single nucleotide polymorphism analysis with 57 epithelial ovarian cancers (31 CCCs, 14 SCs, and 12 ECs) and microarray expression analysis with 55 cancers (25 CCCs, 16 SCs, and 14 ECs). We then evaluated PIK3CA mutations and ARID1A expression in CCCs. SNP array analysis classified 13% of CCCs into a cluster with high frequency and focal range of copy number alterations (CNAs), significantly lower than for SCs (93%, P < 0.01) and ECs (50%, P = 0.017). The ratio of whole-arm to all CNAs was higher in CCCs (46.9%) than SCs (21.7%; P < 0.0001). SCs with loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of BRCA1 (85%) also had LOH of NF1 and TP53, and LOH of BRCA2 (62%) coexisted with LOH of RB1 and TP53. Microarray analysis classified CCCs into three clusters. One cluster (CCC-2, n = 10) showed more favorable prognosis than the CCC-1 and CCC-3 clusters (P = 0.041). Coexistent alterations of PIK3CA and ARID1A were more common in CCC-1 and CCC-3 (7/11, 64%) than in CCC-2 (0/10, 0%; P < 0.01). Being in cluster CCC-2 was an independent favorable prognostic factor in CCC. In conclusion, CCC was characterized by a high ratio of whole-arm CNAs; whereas CNAs in SC were mainly focal, but preferentially caused LOH of well-known tumor suppressor genes. As such, expression profiles might be useful for sub-classification of CCC, and might provide useful information on prognosis. © 2015 Uehara et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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花輪, 由樹 ; Hanawa, Yuki
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金沢大学人間社会研究域学校教育系<br />This paper attempts to elucidate the coexistence of “the remaining ‘Heimat’ for children” and “‘He
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imat’ defined by their ancestors and others” in the field of dwelling education by focusing on ideas on the term in E. Spranger's works. Spranger says that ‘Heimat’is characterized and linked to the soil where people live and experience on a daily basis. In short, it became clear that through the teacher's advice “third-person-defined ‘Heimat’” can exist next to the definition of ‘Heimat’children themselves have in their minds.
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黒部, 利次 ; Kurobe, Toshiji
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金沢大学理工研究域電子情報学系<br />[私の歩んできた道] 第3回 超高速研削及びボールの回転スピン制御研磨: 民間企業との共同研究<br />出版者照会後に全文公開
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遠藤, 大 ; 安達, 正明 ; Endou, Masaru ; Adachi, Masaaki
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金沢大学理工研究域機械工学系<br />光軸方向に光路差変動が存在する状況下でも使える，波長変更を用いる粗面物体の三次元形状計測法をこれまで研究してきた．しかし，外乱の影響としては光軸方向だけでなく面内方向の振動も存在する．ここでは，実際に
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測定物を面内方向にランダム振動させた状態で三次元形状計測を試み，振動による影響とその改善方法の検討結果を報告する.<br />出版者照会後に全文公開
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関, 啓明 ; 神谷, 好承 ; 疋津, 正利 ; 大野, 達裕 ; Seki, Hiroaki ; Kamiya, Yoshitsugu ; Hikizu, Masatoshi ; Ono, Tatsuhiro
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金沢大学理工研究域機械工学系<br />ロボットや介護機器等に用いられる減速機には制御性の観点からバックラッシュが少ない事と安全性の観点からあるトルク以上は発生しない事が求められる．これらを解決できる減速機としてベアリングを利用した減速機が
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提案されているが，減速比の小さなものしか開発されていない．そこで，本研究では，型番の異なるアンギュラ玉軸受2個を組み合わせて大きな減速比を実現できるベアリングを利用した減速機を提案する.<br />出版者照会後に全文公開
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