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山越, 健弘 ; 小川, 充洋 ; 松村, 健太 ; 板坂, 優希 ; 宮崎, 慎平 ; 山越, 康弘 ; Rolfe, Peter ; 廣瀬, 元 ; 山越, 憲一
概要:
In this preliminary study, we examined in human volunteers the performance of the developed prototype device for non-inv
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asive quantification of blood alcohol concentration (BAC) by near-infrared light which is highly transparent to the body. We aimed at applying the results to the final goal of developing a novel alcohol-based vehicle ignition-interlock device. Accumulating evidence shows that one of the ethyl alcohol absorption peaks in the near-infrared region is present at 1,185 nm. We combined this with our recent development of a non-invasive optical method for blood glucose measurement, which we call pulse glucometry, using blood volume pulsations in a finger within a cardiac cycle. Thus, we developed a novel method, pulse alcometry, for non-invasive measurement of BAC. We calculated second derivative values of optical density (OD λ") to remove baseline over a band including three wavelengths, 1,150 nm, 1,185 nm, and 1,220 nm. Then, a simple linear regression analysis was performed with the measured OD λ" to predict BAC levels. In 3 healthy male volunteers, during alcohol intake and washout, periodic optical measurements using the present device were made simultaneously with collection of blood samples for in vitro BAC analysis. In leave-one-out cross validations within an individual, the measured BAC and the predicted BAC correlated well (r = 0.773~0.846, mean absolute error = 0.134~0.333mg/ml). We conclude that, from the results of this preliminary study, the new method appears to be able to estimate BAC levels non-invasively. However, further investigations in a larger group of subjects will be needed in order to determine fully the operational performance of this new measurement system.
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山越, 健弘 ; 小川, 充洋 ; 松村, 健太 ; 板坂, 優希 ; 宮崎, 慎平 ; 山越, 康弘 ; Rolfe, Peter ; 廣瀬, 元 ; 山越, 憲一
概要:
In this preliminary study, we examined in human volunteers the performance of the developed prototype device for non-inv
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asive quantification of blood alcohol concentration (BAC) by near-infrared light which is highly transparent to the body. We aimed at applying the results to the final goal of developing a novel alcohol-based vehicle ignition-interlock device. Accumulating evidence shows that one of the ethyl alcohol absorption peaks in the near-infrared region is present at 1,185 nm. We combined this with our recent development of a non-invasive optical method for blood glucose measurement, which we call pulse glucometry, using blood volume pulsations in a finger within a cardiac cycle. Thus, we developed a novel method, pulse alcometry, for non-invasive measurement of BAC. We calculated second derivative values of optical density (OD λ") to remove baseline over a band including three wavelengths, 1,150 nm, 1,185 nm, and 1,220 nm. Then, a simple linear regression analysis was performed with the measured OD λ" to predict BAC levels. In 3 healthy male volunteers, during alcohol intake and washout, periodic optical measurements using the present device were made simultaneously with collection of blood samples for in vitro BAC analysis. In leave-one-out cross validations within an individual, the measured BAC and the predicted BAC correlated well (r = 0.773~0.846, mean absolute error = 0.134~0.333mg/ml). We conclude that, from the results of this preliminary study, the new method appears to be able to estimate BAC levels non-invasively. However, further investigations in a larger group of subjects will be needed in order to determine fully the operational performance of this new measurement system.
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田中, 志信 ; 岸上, 博俊 ; 村田, 和香 ; 山越, 憲一
概要:
In order to investigate the relationship between cardiovascular performance and daily activity in the elderly, preliminary experiments were carried out using two ambulatory monitoring systems developed by the authors' group. One system is
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capable of long-term monitoring of human posture in normal daily life, and the other is for non-invasively monitoring beat-by-beat cardiovascular parameters, including blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO), total peripheral resistance (Rp). Baroreceptor-cardiac reflex sensitivity (BRS) was also calculated as an index for evaluating autonomic regulatory function. The preliminary use of these systems has clearly demonstrated that simultaneous monitoring of beat-by-beat haemodynamic parameters together with data on posture could give valuable information concerning not only orthostatic hypotension, but also on circulatory response to daily physical load.
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田中, 志信 ; 岸上, 博俊 ; 村田, 和香 ; 山越, 憲一
概要:
著者らは従来より日常生活下における循環動態をより詳細に記録,解析するための装置として, 血圧及び心拍出量を無侵襲, 無拘束的にかつ一心拍毎に同時計測する携帯型連続循環動態計測モニタシステムを開発し, その応用研究として加齢に伴う循環応答反応
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の変化等について検討してきた, 今回は「寝たきり予防」のための基礎的知見を得ることを目的として, デイケアのために老人保健施設(以下, 老健と略)に来所中の高齢者3名を対象に姿勢及び循環動態の無拘束同時計測実験を行い, 高齢者の日常の活動性と循環機能との関係を検討した. 装置と方法 図1に実験システムの概要を示した。図右上は「携帯型連続循環動態計測モニタシステム」で, 容積補償法により血圧(BP)を, 電気的胸部アドミタンス法により心拍出量(CO)を一心拍毎に無侵襲同時計測するもので, これらのパラメータに加えてECG-RI間隔(RR), 心拍数(HR), 一回拍出量(SV), 末梢循環抵抗(Rp)などデータが一心拍毎に取得可能である.
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本井, 幸介 ; 中村, 心也 ; 田中, 直登 ; 山越, 憲一
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Recently, the freak accidents in home have been increased and they are caused by the asphyxiation, drowning, falling, fire, and toxicosis. Especially in bathroom, the accident frequently arise and thus the healthcare monitoring and
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the accident detection system can be useful for attainment of safe and untroubled daily life. While some monitoring systems for moving state using infrared ray and ultrasonic wave were already developed, these methods distinguish only whether or not a bather is moving. Also, detailed motion analysis using CCD camera has the problem of privacy for the practical use. From these viewpoints, we designed the monitoring system for the electrocardiogram and respiration signal using bathtub-installed electrodes, showing its usefulness for the healthcare and the drowning alarm during taking a bath. However, the range over which this method is possible is limited in the bathtub and thus the detection in washing place are impossible. To solve this drawback, we developed a new system capable of detecting the accident in the washing place together with the pulse and respiration rate using a bath mat type multipoint pressure sensor located in washing place of bathroom. From the results of the accuracy evaluation in 20 healthy subjects, it is demonstrated that the present system can accurately detect the accident [60/60, 100%] and show the good correlation between the pulse [r=0.99] and respiration [r=0.95] obtained from the system and those obtained from the conventional methods using the sensors attached to the body surface.
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山越, 憲一 ; 本井, 幸介
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山越, 健弘 ; 松村, 健太 ; 花木, 翔太 ; 五十嵐, 朗 ; Rolfe, Peter ; 李, 知炯 ; 山越, 康弘 ; 廣瀬, 元 ; 山越, 憲一
概要:
The long term goal of our research is to develop an in-car health screening instrument, based on a novel approach for physiological measurement, in order to contribute to much-needed efforts aimed at achieving safer driving. We describe
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here a feasibility study in which a system was constructed to derive cardiac indices non-invasively and simultaneously using a finger cuff. Specifically, the instrument measures blood pressure (BP), pulse rate (PR), normalized pulse volume (NPV) reflecting alpha-adrenergic sympathetic activity, and finger-artery elasticity index (FEI). The instrument's measurement process has two phases:firstly, cuff pressure is maintained at 30 mmHg to measure the NPV and PR;secondly, whilst applying a gradual change in counter-pressure, the BP and FEI are measured by application of the volume-oscillometric method. We tested a prototype instrument in 5 healthy male and female volunteers (age 21, 22, 36, 37, 49 years) during two weeks day-to-day living, including a 33-hour period of total sleep deprivation as physiological challenge. The results indicated that with sleep deprivation there appear to be relatively large physiological changes. In conclusion, the prototype system we have developed has allowed the periodic collection of physiological data in a convenient and expeditious way without any failure, demonstrating the possibility to detect an adverse effect on health. Further investigations will be needed in a larger group of subjects with a variety of real environmental conditions.
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岡田, 敬史 ; 近藤, 香菜子 ; 山越, 憲一 ; 田中, 志信 ; 野川, 雅道 ; 田中, 茂雄
概要:
A purpose of this study is to measure bone strain induced electrically-controlled muscle contraction and compare with that recorded during walking exercise using an animal model. A strain gage technique was used to
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measure strain on a rat femur when a rectus femoris muscle is stimulated electrically in a sinusoidal waveform at a peak voltage of 0, 1, 3, or 6V, and during walking exercise(4m/min) by a treadmill. Bone strain recorded in 6V-muscle stimulation was 65% larger than that in treadmill exercise. This result suggests that electrically-controlled muscle contraction could be useful as a new mechanical stimulation method to elicit osteogenesis response.
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| 9.
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田中, 茂雄 ; 垣尾, 雅文 ; 杉浦, 直樹 ; 山越, 憲一
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本井, 幸介 ; 田中, 志信 ; 東, 祐二 ; 山越, 憲一
概要:
In certifying eligibility for long-term care, in order to determine the level of need for long-term care, an examiner visits the applicant to evaluate their actual physical condition. However, the period of evaluation interview is
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usually limited, and thus assessment of the actual physical condition tends to be difficult. Taking these circumstances into consideration, we designed an ambulatory sensor system aimed at discriminating whether or not a subject uses assistance when standing up from a chair and sitting up in bed during daily activities. The system is composed of two accelerometers, one attached on the subject's chest and the other to the forearm. The chest accelerometer measures the angle in the gravitational direction and up-down motion acceleration. The forearm accelerometer measures the angle in the horizontal direction. In addition the sensor outputs are recorded in a compact data-logger. From experiments using 12 healthy subjects aged from 20 to 50 yrold, the present system could discriminate between the use of assistance (cane, desk and armrest) and no use of assistance when standing up. The periods of sitting up in bed were also detectable and the present system could discriminate between the use of assistance (bed handrail) and no use of assistance. The discriminating accuracy of the system was experimentally evaluated using four healthy subjects (aged 20 yr-old) and two elderly subjects (aged 72 and 73 yr-old). Preliminary experiments of ambulatory monitoring in normal living were also carried out using two elderly subjects (aged 72 and 69 yr-old). The results clearly demonstrated that the new system is able to distinguish with excellent accuracy (>90%) between using and not using assistance when standing up and sitting up in bed. We suggest that the system could be a useful means obtaining giving objective information in the procedure of certifying eligibility for long-term care.
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