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Beitner, H. ; Nakatani, Toshio ; 中谷, 壽男
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Beitner, H. ; Nakatani, Toshio ; Hammar, H. ; 中谷, 壽男
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A case of Crohn's disease complicated by Sweet's syndrome is presented. The main ultrastructural findings were the multiplication of basal lamina surrounding the venulea, interendothelial gaps and in perivascular locations mixed infiltrates
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of neutrophiles and erythrocytes. The changes indicate that the initial site of the reaction was the walls of the dermal vessels.
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| 3.
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Hedblad, M. A. ; Nakatani, Toshio ; Beitner, H. ; 中谷, 壽男
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A male patient with clinically and histopathologically verified Darier's disease and a history of deterioration after sun exposure was irradiated on uninvolved skin with 25, 50 and 75 J/cm2 of UVA once a week for five weeks. He also
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received 3 and 5 times his individually established MED of UVB. Since no signs of keratosis follicularis were detected one week after the last irradiation, he was then exposed to 10 times his MED with UVB, whereupon clinically characteristic lesions of keratosis follicularis developed. One week after this exposure, biopsies were taken from the UV-induced lesions and processed for light and transmission electron microscopic investigation. Light microscopy revealed suprabasal lacunae, corps ronds and grains. In the electron microscope, gaps in the basal lamina beneath the suprabasal lacunae were also observed, through which cytoplasmic processes of lymphocyte- and fibroblast-like cells and basal keratinocytes protruded. Parts of keratinocytes with disruptive cell membranes were localized in the gaps of the basal lamina. Also, multiplication of the basal lamina was frequent.
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Ohtani, Yuko ; Ohtani, Osamu ; Nakatani, Toshio ; 大谷, 修 ; 中谷, 壽男
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金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系<br />The present study demonstrated the threedimensional microstructure of the rat diaphragm by scanning
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electron microscopy (SEM) of either intact or alkali-treated tissues, enzyme-histochemistry, and confocal laser scanning microscopy (LSM). The peritoneal and pleural surfaces of the diaphragm were covered with mesothelial cells studded with microvilli. Many round gaps were formed between the mesothelial cells. The submesothelial connective tissue contained voluminous, irregularly shaped lymphatics. Some of these lymphatics extended many funnel-like projections of their endothelia towards the pored region of the mesothelium. On coming into contact with the mesothelium, many of the lymphatic projections were perforated at their ends, thus giving rise to stomata connecting the peritoneal cavity and lymphatic lumen. Some projections ended blindly while plugging the mesothelial pores, thereby making visible some intercellular gaps in this contact. The subperitoneal sheet of the collagen fiber network possessed clusters of foramina which tightly fit the passage of the lymphatic projections. Confocal LSM of the diaphragm after intraperitoneal injection of FITC-dextran demonstrated the tracer both in the lymphatic lumina and in the connective tissue spaces. Our results indicate that peritoneal fluid is allowed to flow into the connective tissue spaces of the diaphragm through intercellular gaps and into lymphatics through stomata.
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Nakatani, Toshio ; Beitner, Harry ; 中谷, 壽男
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金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系<br />Melanosomes in sporadic dysplastic nevi were examined by transmission electron microscope. In parti
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cular the structure of macromelansomes was observed. Macromelanosomes were present in both nevus cells and keratinocytes. They were round and consisted of a core structure and a cortex structure. The core was composed of electron-dense amorphous material and electron-lucent microvesicles. The cortex contained grains of different sizes and electron densities. Occasionally small melanosomes were observed in the cortex. Electron-lucent microvesicles were also present in small spherical and ellipsoid melanosomes. Melanosome complexes observed in nevus cells contained degrading melanosomes with electronlucent microvesicles, dispersed microvesicles and grains. Melanosome complexes with structures resembling those found in macromelanosomes were also present. The result of the investigation suggests that melanosome complexes found in nevus cells might become macromelanosomes through autophagy.
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Shinohara, Harumichi ; Morisawa, Satoshi ; Nakatani, Toshio ; Ohtani, Osamu ; 中谷, 壽男
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金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系<br />The auricular length, auricular base length and auricular width were measured in 94 human fetuses w
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ith crownrump (CR) lengths ranging from 49 mm (approximately 11 weeks of gestational age) to 250 mm (approximately 31 weeks of gestational age). The three measurement values showed linear increases as the CR length increased, suggesting that they are useful parameters to indicate intrauterine growth. The measurement values also suggested that the mandibular and hyoid derivatives did not grow independently, but did grow with maintaining a certain relationship.
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Matsuda, Takeshi ; Fukuo, Yoshifumi ; Shinohara, Harumichi ; Morisawa, Satoshi ; Nakatani, Toshio ; 中谷, 壽男
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金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系<br />The mouse pericardium is a continuous serous membrane, up to postnatal day 6 (P6), that consists of
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pericardial and pleural mesothelia with sparse connective tissue sandwiched in between. This study shows that on P7 the pericardium becomes fenestrated, and the pericardial and pleural cavities become continuous. We found that the number of pores per pericardium increased continuously with the advance of age and reached as many as 3000 on P21. Transmission electron microscopy of the pericardium revealed various structures of the pericardial and pleural mesothelia that may relate to the formation of the pericardial pores. The pericardial and pleural mesothelia were adjoined with cytoplasmic processes that extended toward the base of the opposing mesothelium. As a result of the adjoinment, a pair of U-shaped folds were formed. The two U-shaped folds were connected with tight junctions at their apices, and separation of these junctions may give rise to the pericardial pores.
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Nakatani, Toshio ; Beitner, Harry ; 中谷, 壽男
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金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系<br />Seven female human subjects were irradiated with 4 Gy of grenz rays and 30 J/cm2 of long-wave ultra
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violet (UVA) radiation once a week for three weeks.6/7 subjects when irradiated on the back developed a clearly visible pigmentation due to both grenz-ray and UVA pigmentation. The effect on epidermal melanocytes was observed with transmission electron microscopy. Ultrastructural changes in melanocytes following both grenz-ray and UVA irradiation were an increase in the number of premature and mature melanosomes, elongation and protrusion of cytoplasm, sometimes indented nuclei, and the development of multilamella of basal lamina. Compared with UVA-irradiated skin, in the same individuals the melanocytes seemed somewhat more hypertrophic after grenz-ray irradiation. In general the observed qualitative ultrastructural differences between UVA- and grenz-ray-irradiated melanocytes were limited, indicating that the influence of grenz-rays is similar to that of UVA.
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Tazaki, Kazue ; Ishida, Hideki ; 田崎, 和江 ; 石田, 秀樹
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金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系
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田崎, 和江 ; Tazaki, Kazue
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金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系
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| 11.
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田崎, 和江 ; Tazaki, Kazue
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金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系<br />Our atmosphere, oceans, sediments and soils, all reflect major or minor influences of the biosphe
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re. In the sediments, erosion of the topsoil, complex mixture of clay minerals and carbon compounds, is one of crisis in the world economy. Clay mineralogist concerned with the sediments and mineral deposits must understand weathering processes plus microorganisms in detail. Bacteria must be important in all transport processes of elements between sediments and water systems. In the atmosphere, fine particles, such as clays, loess and fly ash produced by combusion of fossil fuels are biologically and chemically recycling in our planet. The consequences of a massive increase in the use of coal or other fossil carbon sources give the global atomospheric increase of CO2N2O, acid gases, etc.Modern electron microscopic techniques and the new array of computer surface techniques, ESCA, Auger, SIMS, etc. have made it possible to see Å level structures, and chemistry of the fine particles. Examples of such fine mineralogical particles in the surface environment are described in this paper.
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| 12.
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田崎, 和江 ; 森, 忠洋 ; 野中, 資博 ; 野田, 修司 ; Tazaki, Kazue ; Mori, Tadahiro ; Nonaka, Tsuguhiro ; Noda, Shuji
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金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系<br />Concrete sewer pipe was heavily corroded by sulfate which was produced by sulfur oxidizing bacter
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ia in the Ohmuta region of Japan. The corroded materials were studied mineralogically to gain a better understanding of the corrosion mechanism. The formation of jarosite KFe3 (SO4) 2 (OH) 6, as a result of reaction between sulfate and hydration products of portland cement, were found in the most corroded part of concrete sewer pipe. The sulfate-generated corrosion is grouped into several zones on the base of differences in the mineral formation of secondary products:Zone A & B; Jarosite formation zone, Zone C; Fe-rich zone,Zone D; gypsum formation zone, Zone E; Fe-rich zone,Zone F; Cracking zone, Zone G; Fresh concrete zone.Zones A-E in the corroded parts include expansion, loss strength and stiffness and disintegration, whereas Zones E and F show cracking and brown rim stained with iron oxides. In Zone G, ettringite crystals are formed under conditions of high pH. Since hydrated cements containing considerable amount of large ettringite crystals show high strength but no expansion.In order to evaluate the relative effects of corrosion of concrete, the rates of K-feldspar dissolution have been analized by EDAX-step scanning. The dissolution process of K-feldspar was observed that Al and K contents were rapidly decreased near rim, within 2μm region, whereas Fe content was increased.The results of these analyses indicate that the effect of K component from K-feldspar dissolution is important factor to form jarosite at pH of 3.5-4.0. The dissolution mechanism of K-feldspar and the addition of Fe component are changed significantly due to the corrosion of concretes.
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| 13.
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田崎, 和江 ; Tazaki, Kazue
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金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系<br />By using a transmission electron microscope (TEM) equipped with an energy dispersive electron-mic
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roprobe analyzer, genetical relationships between micro-morphology and chemical composition of kaolin minerals were investigated.The TEM observation revealed that the kaolinite specimens, which show a 7Å basal reflection in X-ray diffraction diagram, are commonly mixtures of particles with various morphology such as film, hexagonal plate and long tube (Table 1). The chemical compositions of these kinds of particles are different from one another as shown in Fig. 1 and 2. Triangular plot of SiO2, Al2O3 and ΣFeO of the Kibushi clay (No.7 in Fig.2) shows limited chemistry of each morphology with slight overlap that SiO2 content of the film of indefinite primitive form is less than that of hexagonal plate, whereas, ΣFeO is lower in the latter. However, the chemistry of the Austria kaolin (No.5 in Fig.2) shows the reverse trend in SiO2 content. This reverse trend might suggest the difference in the source material.
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堀坂, 明生 ; 田崎, 和江 ; 野田, 修司 ; Horisaka, Akio ; Tazaki, Kazue ; Noda, Shuji
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金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系<br />Biomineralization of pyrite has been found inside of diatom cell in sludge (Hedoro) of Lake Nakau
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mi. Direct observations by using SEM equipped with BSI, and EDX revealed formation processes of microbial pyrite. In sludge (0-2.5cm depth) numerous diatoms (Coscinodiscus nitidus) form several framboidal pyrite (5μm diameter) inside cell. The framboidal pyrite are coated by thin film compose of Fe and S that is the almost same composition as pyrite. The BSI image shows slightly weak dense on the surface of film suggesting presence of organics. Chemical composition of normal diatom cell is alomst pure Si. On the other hand, the diatom forming pyrite shows elementary differences between girdle and valve. Chemistory of the girdle shows Fe and S elements indicating substitution of Si. Quantity of Fe and S increases outside to inside of girdle. The formation process of framboidal pyrite inside cell is as follows: The first step is formation of spherical FeS mineral (pyrrhotite), next step is a mixture of pyrite and pyrrhotite by adding S and dehydration. Then the mixture makes a rough framboid. Hexahedron and pentagonal dodecahedron are the characteristic crystal habits of framboidal pyrite in diatom. Some framboidal pyrite coated by thin film of clays with organics. Dozens of framboid aggregate form a ball 50μm in diameter. Formation of framboidal pyrite in diatom should be initially controlled by organics of biofilm.
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田崎, 和江 ; 荒谷, 美智 ; 矢野 , 倉実 ; 海保, 邦夫 ; 野田, 修司 ; Tazaki, Kazue ; Aratani, Michi ; Yanokura, Minoru ; Kaiho, Kunio ; Noda, Shuji
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金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系<br />Spherical heating-shocked mica clays are found in Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) boundary sediments in
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the eastern district of Hokkaido, northernmost Japan. The K-T boundary sediments contain relatively high Ir concentrations suggesting an asteroid struck the Earth and caused mass extinctions at the end of the Cretaceous. Foraminifera are totally absent in the grayish black clay. Mineralogical investigations of the claystone have been carried out by the use of X-ray powder diffraction, high resolution electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometer and heavy-iron Rutherford scattering. Singularity of clay minerals of a continuous stratigraphic section spanning the K-T boundary reveals that the spherical interstratified clay in < 2μm fraction are largely decomposed. The spherical clay shows characteristic stacking disorder of 14Å, 10Å, 7Å phase, which is suggested to be heating eventsin the K-T boundary.
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田崎, 和江 ; Tazaki, Kazue
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金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系<br />Imogolite was studied by the scanning electron microscope. Imogolite which examined was separated
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from Kurayoshi pumice beds. The samples were dried successively in the sealed vessel at critical point of CO2. This drying method exceeds in preservation of natural surface of imogolite than that of air-drying.The form of imogolite was observed as fibres-like threads. The threads were curled and entangled forming nets which were piled up one above the other. The diameter of these threads ranged from 0.03 to 0.06 μm.
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田崎, 和江 ; 田崎, 耕市 ; 小松, 正幸 ; Tazaki, Kazue ; Tazaki, Koichi ; Komatsu, Masayuki
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金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系<br />Various volcanoclastic and sedimentary rocks were dredged from southern part of the Mariana Trenc
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h by 17th cruise of R/V D. Mendeleev. Clay mineralogical investigation of seventeen samples made clear the presence of abundant montmorillonite and a trace of chlorite. Phillipsite is the most abundant zeolite. Clinoptilolite and chabazite are also recognized.Occurrences of montmorillonite and phillipsite from deep sea sediments of the Pacific Ocean have been well established.
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田崎, 和江 ; 野中, 資博 ; 森, 忠洋 ; 野田, 修司 ; Tazaki, Kazue ; Nonaka, Tsuguhiro ; Mori, Tadahiro ; Noda, Shuji
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金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系<br />Mortar bars are exposed to H2S gas (25-300ppm) for 10 months at 12-30C°. Sulfate-generated deteri
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orations in the mortar bars include expansion, cracking and disintegration. The heavily corroded mortar bar produced gypsum, calcite and secondary ettringite with a trace amount of barite. The secondary ettringite shows the same chemistry as the primary ettringite, but the morphology is quite different from the primary one. Ettringite crystals with sharp point, 10-20μm long, are primary formed during the hydration of mortar bar, whereas small lath-shaped crystals, about 3μm long as observed by SEM are high concentration of hydroxyl ions. Gypsum, calcite and the secondary ettringite are formed step by step under acidic condition. The iron oxides layer is presented significantly between corroded and un-corroded zones which is the same process of deterioration on portland cement concrete.
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Tazaki, Kazue ; Zhou, Guoping ; Makaino, Koji ; 田崎, 和江 ; 周, 国平 ; 馬飼野, 光治
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金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系<br />デイーゼルエンジン車の排気ガスを一日2回直接受けたスイセンを採取し, XRF, SEM-EDX, TEMで観察および分析を行った.排気ガスに汚染されたスイセンの葉は黒色に変色し,気孔の内部及び周
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辺には,Sを含む多量の微粒子が被覆し, Al, Si, Cl, Ca, K, Feの増加も認められた.これらの結果は,ディーゼルエンジンの排気ガスが植物の光合成などの生理作用に,短期間で大きく影響を及ぼすことを明らかにした.<br />Polluted narcissuses by exhaust emissions derived from a diesel engine twice a day were investigated by XRF, SEM-EDX and TEM analyses. Polluted narcissus was characterized by no flower, deformed leave and the change of color from green to yellow and black. S was increased about 6 times. About 33% of S-coated carbonaceous soots was retained through breath holes by narcissus, causing the normal breath and photosynthesis of narcissus damaged. This could be a major factor of narcissus growing abnormally during a short period (2 months).
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| 20.
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田崎, 和江 ; Fyfe, W. S. ; Tazaki, Kazue
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金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系<br />Alkali-feldspar in an alkaline rock shows evidence for the formation of iron rich primitive clay
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precursors in the earliest weathering stage. High-resolution TEM with EDAX, electron diffraction patterns and lattice images clearly show the decomposion of Alkali-feldspar and growth of primitive sheet structure mineral. The primitive clay precursors consist of Si and Fe with small amount of K and Al. These precursors with 14-20 A spacing show diffuse rings electron diffraction pattern due to low crystallinity and random orientation. The diameter of precursors is 150-200 A.
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高須, 晃 ; 田崎, 和江 ; Takasu, Akira ; Tazaki, Kazue
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金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系
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田崎, 和江 ; 島根大学理学部地質学教室環境自主ゼミナール ; 野田, 修司 ; Tazaki, Kazue ; Noda, Shuji
概要:
金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系<br />Local atmosphere reflects major or minor influences of the world environment. Fine particles of f
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ly ash produced by combustion of fossil fuels are directly cycling in our planet by west wind. The consequences of a massive increase in the combustion of oil give the global atmospheric increase of CO2, N2O, acid gases etc. Since January, 1991 during the Gulf War, the acidity of rain and NO2 contents in the atmosphere are directly increased three hundred times as other clean countries by fossil fuel burning. The fly ash from oil combustion now makes a massive contribution to global aerosols. Snow dusts which are collected in February 20-25, 1991, at Shimane University may be related to emission of sulphur and nitrogen species of oil-derived fly ash from Kuwait by west wind 5000m high. SEM and TEM observations revealed the presence of very fine particles or thin films of sulphur species in the snow with an abundance of fine fly ash.
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石渡, 明 ; 笹谷, 啓一 ; 田崎, 和江 ; 坂本, 浩 ; 中西, 孝 ; 小村, 和久 ; 辻森, 樹 ; 大浦, 泰嗣 ; 宮本, ユタカ ; 赤羽, 久忠 ; 渡辺, 誠 ; 布村, 克志 ; Ishiwatari, Akira ; Sasatani, Keiichi ; Kazue Tazaki, ; Sakamoto, Koh ; Nakanishi, Takashi ; Komura, Kazuhisa ; Tsujimori, Tatsuki ; Oura, Yasuji ; Miyamoto, Yutaka ; Akahane, Hisatada ; Watanabe, Makoto ; Nunomura, Katsushi
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金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系
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小岩崎, 浩一 ; 本坊, 好正 ; 田崎, 和江 ; 森, 忠洋 ; Koiwasaki, Koichi ; Honbou, Yoshimasa ; Tazaki, Kazue ; Mori, Tadahiro
概要:
金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系<br />Jarosite KFe3(SO4)2(OH)6 and ammoniojarosite NH4Fe3(SO4)2(OH)6 were experimentaly formed in 9 K-m
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edium with Thiobacillus ferrooxidans at 33℃ under acidic condition. The product shows characteristic peaks of jarosite at 3.08, 1.99 and 1.83 A , and those of ammoniojarosite at 3.09, 5.12, 1.98 and 1.83 A in use X-ray powder diffraction and electron diffraction pattern. TEM and SEM observations revealed the crystal growth processes of these minerals as follows ; Bacillus bacterial cells take the form of cross-finger. Both iron and sulfur components precipitated on cell wall. The iron component takes the form of burs, whereas the sulfur component forms rosary-shaped materials. The sizes of iron materials range from 0.5 to 2.0 μm in diameter while those of sulfur materials range from 0.05 to 0.1μm in diameter. Next, potassium and hydroxyl in 9 K-medium reacted on both iron and sulfur components on the cell wall. Cubic or platy jarosite, 0.1 to 5.0μm in diameter, is formed within 3 days. Jarosite of final products changed to reform rosary or parallel crystalline materials. Potassium in jarosite is substituted for ammonia to form ammoniojarosite within 5 days. Jarosite was produced by bacterial mineralization in 9 K-medium within 3 days, and those of ammoniojarosite within 5 days. Without Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, jarosite and ammoniojarosite were produced after 5 or 9 days respectively. The results suggest that Thiobacillus ferrooxidans contributes formation of jarosite and ammoniojarosite as catalyst.
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| 25.
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田崎, 和江 ; Tazaki, Kazue
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金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系<br />地球上に広く分布する微細な炭素粒子は,環境の変化に最も敏感に対応する物質の一つである.その炭素の起源,微細形態,結晶成長の過程,化学結合,分布などを明かにし,炭素物質を評価するうえで,電子線を用
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いた手法が有効である.ここには,様々な炭素物質について,その目的に応じた有効な分析方法の実例を示した.走査型(SEM)および透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)による観察は,炭素物質の微細形態,結晶成長過程,結晶度を知るのに適している.バクテリアなどを含む有機物が濃集した非晶質の炭素は,続成作用により,高結晶度のグラファイトヘと変化する.初期の炭素物質は,球粒,管,フレーク,薄膜,シート,リボン状などさまざまな形態をとり,最も成長した結晶であるグラファイトは,六角板状のバウムクーヘン状構造をとる.炭素の分布を知るには,エレクトロンマイクロプローブ(EPMA)やオージェ(Auger)による元素濃度分布図が有効である.オージェは,導電性物質の蒸着を必要としないので,岩石中のカーボンの存在を薄片の状態で検出することが可能である.高い導電性を持つことで知られているワイオミング産のSybille Monzosyeniteに,オージェ分析を適用し,鉱物境界に高濃度の炭素が存在することが,高導電性の要因の一つであることを明かにした.また,オージェは導電性物質の蒸着なしで,オングストロームのオーダの最表面分析が可能である.フーリエ赤外線分析(FT-IR)は,炭素の化学結合や水分子との結合状態を知ることができる.グラファイトは,その結晶度の違いによりOHやC-C結合の吸収の程度が異なる例として,片麻岩中の低結晶度の炭素から水分が抜け,次に酸素が抜けてグラファイトヘと変化するプロセスを示した.また,電子線走査化学分析器(ESCA)による炭素(1S)の高分解能分析は,様々な炭素結合の種類とその量比を知るのに有効である.この方法により,深海底堆積物中の海緑石に含まれる炭素が,COO,C-O,C-Cそしてグラファイトといった異なる炭素結合により構成されていることを明かにした.この結果は,海緑石が有機物起源であり,その後,無機化すること,有機炭素と無機炭素の境界は明瞭ではないことなどを示している.さらに,重イオン加速器(RILAC)は,炭素が表面吸着しているか,または結晶構造に組み込まれているかの判断に有効である.例えば都市ガスのすすの分析は,金属やSiO_2といった標準試料と比べ,炭素が結晶性の構造を待つことを示した.同時に,この方法は,酸素と水素の存在状態の差異も明瞭に表わすことができる.重イオン加速器は,大気からもたらされた汚染物質の炭素と物質本来の結晶構造中の炭素原子との区別に有効である.<br />Very fine carbon particulates formed by both inorganic and biological processes in the Earth have the most sensitive response to global change. Various electron microtechniques are usufu1 to reveal the micromorphology, texture, growing processes, crystalinity, chemical bond and the distribution of carbon materials. In this article useful methods for evaluation of carbon in various carbon materials are introduced. Amorphous organic carbon naturally and artificially transforms into high crystalline graphite. SEM and TEM observations reveal that precursor carbon materials are composed of spherules, tubular, fiakes, thin films ,fla tsheets, and ribbon texture. Bacteri aand nannobacteria may play a prorninent catalyzing role in the precipitatio onf carbon materia]s. Hexagonal onion-like texture is the most stable form ofcarbon durin ggraphitizatio n,EPMA and Auger can be used for carbon elernentary rnapping. Auger-spectrometer depth profiling and carbon content rnap applied to Sybille Monzosyenite having high electrical conductivity revealed a high concentration of carbon on grain boundaries of the minerals. Chemical bonding of carbon and hydrogen can be analyzed by FT-IR method. FT-IR spectra showing different intensity of OH and C-C absorbed bands are related with the degree of crystalinity of graphite in rocks. The result suggests that graphite occurred by dehydration and reduction of organic materials, ESCA is usufu1 method to know various carbon binding. High resolution of C_ls spectra of micro ESCA can discriminate various carbon chemical binding, such as COO, C-O, C-C, and graphite. ESCA spectra of glauconite in deep sea sediments showed various ratios of COO, C-O, C-C and graphite, suggesting organic origin of glauconite. The result also suggests that there are no clear boundary between organic and inorganic carbon. RILAC method can be used for evaluation of atmospheric contamination of carbon from structural carbon. RILAC spectra of soot showed characteristic recoiled carbon, oxygen and hydrogen ions with standards of purity for metalic plate and Si0_2.
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| 26.
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田崎, 和江 ; Tazaki, Kazue
概要:
金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系<br />The surface of fresh plagioclase usually shows smooth plane and has a weaving texture which sugge
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sts cryptic unmixing at vertical section (plate I-1). At the incipient stage of weathering, various features caused by chemical erosion appear on the plagioclase such as etch pits (plate II-5), conical hollows and square holes (plate I-4). Amorphous thin layer of which thickness is less than 0.5μm occurs successively or simultaneously on the surface (plate I-3). Occurrence of the thin layer suggests transitional state from frame work sillicate to clay minerals. The knobby substance, aggregate of fine and rounded spherules which is morphologically identified as spheroidal allophane occurs subsequently in the thin layer (plate II-7, 8). In the next stage of weathering, the following changes are observed; 1) Formation of imogolite (plate III-9) and gibbsite (plate III-10). 2) Formation of halloysite (plate III-11, 12). Imogolite occurs first as tiny bumps from the edges of the amorphous thin layer. Coexistence of gibbsite and imogolite is common in the same grain of weathered plagioclase. Gibbsite crystal shows short prismatic or tabular form (plate III-10 right upper). Observation of glassy matrix in the volcanic ash indicates that weathering should advance more easily in glassy material than in coexisting plagioclase (plate IV).
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| 27.
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田代, 陽子 ; 田崎, 和江 ; Tashiro, Yoko ; Tazaki, Kazue
概要:
金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系<br />角間川や金沢大学調整池ではLeptothrix sp., Gallionella sp.やToxothrix sp.といった鉄酸化細菌や,桿菌,球菌によって形成されている黄褐色のバイオマットがみ
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られる.本研究では現地での付着実験を行い,バイオマット形成の初期段階に着目し,主に透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)を用いて観察,分析を行った.その結果,Toxothrix sp.の粘着物質(polysaccharides)が,水酸化鉄の微粒子を積極的に細胞壁に付着させる役割を担っていることが明らかになった.polysaccharidesのようなToxothrix sp.の粘着物質は,Fe^<2+>をFe^<3+>に換えてエネルギーを得る鉄酸化細菌のバイオミネラリゼーションによって生成された水酸化鉄が拡散するのを防ぎ,200nmのコロイド状微粒子として取り囲んだ状態で凝集させる.凝集した水酸化鉄のコロイド粒子はpolysaccharidesの薄膜から押し出された後もそれ自体で集合体を形成する.polysaccharidesは,水酸化鉄を固定し,その大きさを支配しながら鉄物質を固体にして堆積する役割を担っていることが示唆される.このような水酸化鉄の凝集形態は,バイオマットの厚みを増す要因である.<br />Brownish yellow microbial mats growing along the Kakuma River and at the controlling pond in the Kakuma Campus of Kanazawa University are of predominantly iron oxidizing bacteria, such as Leptothrix sp., Gallionella sp. and Toxothrix sp. Those microbial mats use ferrous ions as their energy source through the oxidation into ferric ions. Transmission electron microscopy of the primitive microbial mat, have revealed mucoid substances of Toxothrix sp. like polysaccharides are effective for adhesion of iron hydroxides produced through biomineralization of Toxothrix sp. Iron hydroxides coated with mucoid substances are coagulated into colloidal particles 200nm in size. Such condensed colloidal iron hydroxides grow into the aggregates and subsequently may be expelled outward from the thin membrane of polysaccharides. It is suggested that polysaccharides of Toxothrix sp. prevent dispersion of iron hydroxides and promote coagulation of iron materials. Such a condensation process of iron hydroxides is considered to be a factor for increasing the thickness of microbial mats.
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| 28.
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田崎, 和江 ; 高須, 晃 ; Tazaki, Kazue ; Takasu, Akira
概要:
金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系
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| 29.
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田崎, 和江 ; Tazaki, Kazue
概要:
金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系<br />Nitrogen both in the recent and fossil shells were analysed by micro-Kjeldahl method, the latter
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being from the Johmon shell-mounds (2000-9000 years B.P.) in the Kanto district, Japan. It is difficult to separate the organic metrials from calcium carbonate without any loss especially in the fossil shells, so the nitrogen analysis of the shell should be carried out with much calcium carbonate, not to remove it. The writer is successful in quantitative nitrogen analysis of the organic materials with much calcium carbonate (Fig. 1). Both the fossil and recent samples analysed are Anadara broughtoni, A. subcrenata, Ostrea gigas, Corbicula iaponica, C. leana, Meretrix lusoria, Mya japonica and Neverita didyma, which are shown in Table 1 with places of occurrence, absolute ages, and weight percents of nitrogen in the shell. In so far as the fossil shells of the Johmon shellmounds are concerned, it is concluded that nitrogen content of the shell indicates rapid diminishing in 2000 years and slow decreasing since then (Fig. 2).
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| 30.
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岸上, 佳史 ; 桜山, 和美 ; 田崎, 和江 ; 上島, 雅人 ; 渡辺, 弘明 ; Kishigami, Yoshifumi ; Sakurayama, Kazumi ; Tazaki, Kazue ; Ueshima, Masato ; Watanabe, Hiroaki
概要:
金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系<br />尾小屋鉱山は緑色凝灰岩中にできた裂罅充填型浅熱水性の銅鉱床である.1971年に閉山するまで,当鉱山では黄鉄鉱,黄銅鉱,方鉛鉱,閃亜鉛鉱を産出していた.重金属は捨てられた鉱石から溶出し,河川へと流
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出している.石川県の尾小屋鉱山地域では,Fe,Cu,Zn,Cdがズリ捨て場から梯川へ流入している.本鉱山では,様々な色のバイオマットが第六立坑周辺に形成している.緑色のバイオマットに覆われている大量の茶色のバイオマットが坑口から続く谷川の河床に重金属を堆積している.これらのバイオマットは光学顕微鏡および走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)を用いて観察を行った.また,バイオマットの鉱物および元素組成はX線粉末回折分析装置(XRD),蛍光X線分析装置(XRF)およびエネルギー分散分析装置(EDX)で分析を行った.坑水に含まれている主な重金属は,Fe(26.85mg/l),Cu(3.97mg/l),Zn(23.94mg/l),Cd(0.09mg/l)である.Fe,Zn,Cuやその他の金属が溶存している坑水中から,ピンク色バイオマットは銅を選択的に濃集し,また深緑色のバイオマットはFeを濃集している.ピンク色バイオマット中には自然銅,赤銅鉱,石英が存在していた.また,茶色のバイオマットはFeを選択的に濃集し,針鉄鉱やマグヘマイトといった鉱物を形成していた.バクテリアや藻類などの微生物はFeやCuといった重金属を細胞に吸着および濃集し生体鉱物を作ることが明らかになったので報告する.<br />Ogoya Mine in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan, is one of the fissure-filling vein type copper deposits in the Green Tuff region. The mine contains pyrite, chalcopyrite, galena and sphalerite. Heavy metal ions dissolveed from abandoned metal-mine are common in waste water pool and stream. In the metal mining area, Fe, Cu, Zn and Cd are releasing from dumping area to the Kakehashi River. The drainage water contains Fe (26.85mg/l), Cu (3.97mg/l), Zn (23.94mg/l) and Cd (0.09mg/l). In this mine, various colored microbial mats (biomats) are grown around the No.6 pit drainage system. Abundant brown biomats covered with green biomats have fixed heavy metals on the drainage channel down the pithead. These biomats are observed by both optical and scanning electron microscopes (SEM). Minerals in the biomat and their chemical compositions were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDX). The reddish biomats fix Cu selectively from drainage water, whereas the dark green biomats fix Fe. Microorganisms, such as bacteria and algae, capture most of heavy metals as Fe- and Cu-minerals in/on the cell. It is clarified that copper and cuprite are formed in reddish biomats, and that goethite and maghemite are formed in the brown biomats.
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| 31.
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井上, 多津男 ; 長尾, 敬介 ; 田崎, 和江 ; 川谷, 芳弘 ; Inoue, Tatuo ; Nagao, Keisuke ; Tazaki, Kazue ; Kawatani, Yoshihiro
概要:
金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系
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| 32.
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Tazaki, Kazue ; 田崎, 和江
概要:
金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系<br />Because of increasing population, human activity has become a dominant process modifying the eart
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h environment. Understanding the new environmental stresses includes study of interface processes on macro- and micro-scales. Application of electron microscopy to the study of sulfides and sulfate complexes in atmospheric dust, in acidic river sediment, in sewage sludge and in water solution, provide unique information on the interaction between bacteria and human activities in close-to-environmental conditions. Microorganisms exhibit great powers of trace metal accumulation and immolization. They may be frequently encountered in extreme metal contaminated environment both natural and man-made. The sulfides leading to the formation of sulfide minerals were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). For example: 1 Atmospheric sulfide minerals in air dust, 2 Sulfides precipitation with bacteria in polluted mining river sediment, 3 Sulfide mineralization in sludge, 4 Experimental sulfide mineralization in 9 K medium. Atmosphere oxidation rate of SO2 is largely balanced by exchange across the hydrosphere-biosphere-land surface interfaces. Fluctuating volcanic emissions or Chinese loess may have profound influence. SEM-EDX observation indicated that the air dust and acid rain-water contained gypsum, barite and sulfur films which may be due to contributions from volcanic eruption. TEM observation showed bacteria with S-rich thin films in dust of rain-water suggesting interaction between polluted S-rich precipitation and bacterial activity in atmospheric environment. The study of acidic river sediment indicates the enormous influence of the biosphere in maintaining river chemistry of sulfate complexes and sulfides. The electron microscopic techniques enable us to examine the reactive surface at the micron scale, the surface where reaction occurs, that control so many of the basic biogeochemical processes. Micro-scopic study showed that all biomass contains a significant quantity of metallic constituents, and mineralization in living and dead biodebris may contribute to sulfides transport from the hydrosphere into sediment. The bacterial cell walls are remarkable in their ability to fix metals and provide sites for nucleation and growth of Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn minerals. The sulfate complexes and sulfides in sludge in Lake Nakaumi were investigated, including study on the formation of minerals and uptake of metals by bacteria or plant. SEM-EDX observation showed that pyrite, pyrrhotite and gypsum were formed on the top of surface sludge. The aggregate of framboidal pyrite gradually grew in diatom shell which composed of S and Fe, suggesting the processes of sulfide mineral formations related with organisms. The sewage sludge is a valuable source of N, P, and heavy metallic elements (e. g. , Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn) and organic matter. Such metals are of environmental concern due to their potential effects on plant uptake and growth. Jarosite used in the laboratory study was produced from a mixture of 9 K medium and Thiobacillus ferroxidans for a period of several days. SEM-EDX observation with XRD showed that jarosite was formed after 3 days and ammoniojarosite was formed after 7 days from the experimental solution. If T. ferroxidans is present, jarosite can be formed at room temperature by aerating solutions of FeSO4, and K2SO4 at pH 2 within few days. Elemental sulfur interacted with the metal-loaded bacterial cells, affected both the eventual earth science and crystal habit of the metal sulfides, and formed a variety of crystalline metal sulfides. Observation of sulfate complexe changes is unique opportunity to better manage all our earth environment.
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| 33.
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渡辺, 俊一 ; 小田, 誠 ; 太田, 安彦 ; 林, 義信 ; 清水, 淳三 ; 渡辺, 洋宇 ; Watanabe, Shun-ichi ; Oda, Makoto ; Ota, Yasuhiko ; Hayashi, Yoshinobu ; Shimizu, Junzo ; Watanabe, Yoh
概要:
金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系<br />症例は6歳, 男児.生後7ヵ月頃から前胸部陥凹が目立つようになった.1歳6ヵ月頃から発育の遅延, X脚, 偏平足などを認めるようになり当院小児科を受診, Morquio症候群との診断を受けた.当科にて
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漏斗胸に対し腹直筋有茎胸骨翻転術を施行した.Morquio症候群は遺伝性ムコ多糖代謝異常症のIV型に属するまれな疾患で, 特別な治療法はなく対症療法のみが施行される.Morquio症候群にみられる胸郭や脊柱の変形に対しては, しばしぼ装具を用いた保存的療法が行われるがあまり効果はなく, 逆に心肺機能を抑える結果となったり, また本疾患は知能障害を伴わないため装具の着用が精神的に強い負担となることが多い.漏斗胸を合併したMorquio症候群患者に対する胸骨翻転術は, 精神的にも心肺機能上も有効な治療法であると思われた.<br />A 6-year-old boy with Morquio's syndrome was referred from the department of pediatrics in our hospital for a sterno-turnover operation to repair his funnel chest.In Morquio's syndrome, also termed mucopolysaccharidosis IV, there are many skeletal abnormalities and growth retardation because of acid sulfatase deficiency. This syndrome, however, has no neurological abnormalities. Instrumental repair of the skeletal deformities is not effective and even results in the suppression of cardiopulmonary functions or in mental depression. Therefore, the sterno-turnover operation seems to be the best therapy for funnel chest in patients with Morquio's syndrome.
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| 34.
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木下, 敬弘 ; 太田, 安彦 ; 平能, 康充 ; 渡邊, 俊一 ; 小田, 誠 ; 村上, 眞也 ; 渡辺, 洋宇 ; Kinoshita, Takahiro ; Ohta, Yasuhiko ; Hirano, Yasumitsu ; Watanabe, Shun-ichi ; Oda, Makoto ; Murakami, Shinya ; Watanabe, Yoh
概要:
金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系<br />症例は56歳, 女性.健診にて左下肺野の異常影を指摘された.胸部CTにて肺動静脈瘻が疑われ入院となった.肺動脈造影にて左下葉の動静脈痩は最大径60mm, 流入血管径が8mmと大きいため経皮的カテーテル
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塞栓術 (以下;TAE) は不可能と判断された.また同時に右下葉にも最大径10mmの動静脈瘻を認めたため, これに対してはTAEを施行した.左側の動静脈瘻に対して開胸下に瘻切除術を施行した.<br />A 56-year-woman was admitted to the hospital with an abnormal shadow in the left lower lung field on chest X-ray film. The findings on chest CT examination suggested a pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. Left pulmonary arteriogram showed a large fistula (60 mm) with feeding vessels of 8 mm in diameter in the left lower lobe. It seemed to be impossible to perform embolization because of the size of fistula and its feeding vessels. Right pulmonary arteriogram at the same time revealed a small fistula of 10 mm in diameter in the right lower lobe, which was treated by embolization. The fistula of the left lung was resected on thoracotomy.
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森田, 克哉 ; 林, 義信 ; 家接, 健一 ; 清水, 淳三 ; 村上, 眞也 ; 小田, 誠 ; 荒能, 義彦 ; 徳楽, 正人 ; 長尾, 信 ; 矢崎, 潮 ; 渡辺, 洋宇 ; Morita, Katsuya ; Hayashi, Yoshinobu ; Ietsugu, Kenichi ; Shimizu, Junzo ; Murakami, Shinya ; Oda, Makoto ; Arano, Yoshihiko ; Tokuraku, Masato ; Nagao, Shin ; Yamazaki, Ushio ; Watanabe, Yoh
概要:
金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系<br />原発性非小細胞肺癌切除65例に対し, PCNA発現率で評価した腫瘍増殖能とリンパ節転移との関連について検討を行い, 生物学的悪性度の指標としての有用性について考察した.PCNA標識率は, 手術材料を用
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いてflow cytometerにより複数部位で測定し, その平均値で評価した.腺癌36例中13例, 扁平上皮癌29例中5例にリンパ節転移を認め, その頻度は腫瘍径の増大にしたがって増加した.しかしPCNA標識率とリンパ節転移の頻度は相関を認めず, また腺癌では腫瘍径とも相関を認めなかった.腫瘍径が同一の場合, PCNA標識率が高値すなわちdoubling timeが短い方が発癌から発見までの期間が短かいと考えられ, 腺癌ではT1でかつPCNA標識率が高値のものでリンパ節転移を認めなかった.PCNA標識率は腫瘍の動的状態を反映すると考えられる増殖能を表しており, 癌のある時点での進行度を表すTNM分類とは独立した因子と考えられた.<br />Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression was studied in relation to the frequency of lymphnode metastasis in 65 resected non-small cell lung cancers. PCNA labeling index (LI) % was assayed objectively with flow cytometry. Lymphnode metastasis was found in 13 of 36 adenocarcinomas and in 5 of 29 squamous cell carcinomas. The frequency of lymphnode metastasis correlated positively with tumor size but not with PCNA LI%. In adenocarcinomas, there was no currelation between tumor size and PCNA LI%, but there was no lymphnode metastasis when the tumor was less than 30 mm in diameter and the PCNA LI % was high. It was concluded that PCNA LI% did not correlate with other prognostic factors but showed proliferating potential.
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常塚, 宣男 ; 清水, 淳三 ; 小田, 誠 ; 関戸, 伸明 ; 和田, 真也 ; 渡辺, 洋宇 ; Tsunezuka, Yoshio ; Shimizu, Junzo ; Oda, Makoto ; Sekido, Nobuaki ; Wada, Masanari ; Watanabe, Yoh
概要:
金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系<br />症例は55歳, 女性.主訴は咳嗽.胸部X線写真にて, 右上肺野に腫瘤陰影を指摘された.術前に確定診断は得られなかったが肺癌を疑って, 右上葉切除術を施行した.切除標本の病理組織検査では形質細胞の腫瘍性
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増殖を認めたが, 一部にリンパ濾胞の形成, リンパ球の巣状配列を認め, 形質細胞腫とCastlemanリンパ腫-Plasma cell typeとの鑑別が問題となった.PAP法による免疫組織化学的検査の結果, IgA-λ型の単クローン性の染色性を持つ肺原発性の形質細胞腫と診断された.組織学的にCastlemanリンパ腫と類似した形質細胞腫は, われわれが調べ得た範囲では本邦3例目であるが, 肺原発の症例は過去に報告例がない.<br />Extramedullary plasmacytomas are uncommon tumors that affect various tissues, most commonly in the upper airways. We report a case of solitary plasmacytoma of the lung that was difficult to differentiate histopathologically from Castleman's lymphoma.A 55-year old woman was admitted to our hospital with an abnormal shadow on chest X-ray films but no symptoms. Chest CT scan disclosed a solitary nodule with low density in the right upper lobe. Right upper lobectomy was performed, and histological examination showed diffuse proliferation of plasma cells and lymphoid follicles partially similar to Castleman's lymphoma. Immunohistologically, the plasmacytoma cells were stained with IgA and λ chains in a monoclonal secretory pattern.
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| 37.
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Asano, Takao ; Asano, Tetsuo ; Ypinter, Ron ; 浅野, 哲夫
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金沢大学<br />In this paper we show that Ω(n log n) operations are necessary to triangulate a polygonal region with n vertic
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es which contains holes (or windows). Also, we present a polynomial time algorithm for partitioning a polygonal region which may have a fixed number of holes into a minimum number of triangles. Finally, we discuss arbitrary-as opposed to chordal-minimum-number triangulations. © 1986.
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| 38.
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紺家, 千津子 ; 真田, 弘美 ; 須釜, 淳子 ; 大桑, 真由美 ; 永川, 宅和 ; 中谷, 壽男 ; 田端, 恵子 ; Konya, Chizuko ; Sanada, Hiromi ; Sugama, Junko ; Ookuwa, Mayumi ; Nagakawa, Takukazu ; Nakatani, Toshio ; Tabata, Keiko
概要:
金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系<br />本研究の目的は, 褥瘡部位の低輝度エコー所見と褥瘡の深度との関係を明らかにすることである. 対象は, 38名の49個の褥瘡である. 褥瘡の外診所見と周波数7.5MHzでのエコー所見を1週間ごとに観察
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した. 分析は, 初回の視診と触診による外診所見での深度とエコー所見の低輝度エコーにより判断した深度について, 確定深度との相違を比較した. その結果, (1)49個の褥瘡の初回観察時には, 外診所見では20個が壊死に覆われ, 7個はエコーにて低輝度所見を認めた. (2)壊死組織のないI度およびII度の褥瘡は, 確定深度も同様であった. (3)初回低輝度所見を認めた褥瘡の深度は, III度またはIV度であった. (4)初回観察時に低輝度エコー所見の有無と確定深度の全層損傷の有無との関係は, 感度58.3%, 特異度100.0%, 陽性反応適中度100%, 陰性反応適中度88.1%であった. 以上より, 褥瘡の壊死部に低輝度エコー所見を認めた場合, 全層損傷と判定するアセスメント方法は有効であることが示唆された.<br />The purpose of this study was to examine the predictive validity of ultrasound in the initial assessment for pressure ulcer staging. Forty-nine pressure ulcers of 38 patients were examined. The pressure ulcers were visually assessed using the stages defined by the NPUAP and were examined by ultrasound (7.5 MHz). The initial assessment was determined from the ratio of agreement using visual assessment and ultrasound based on the level of severity. In the first assessment, 20 of the 49 pressure ulcers were assessed to be necrotic by visual observation and 7 of 49 were hypoechoic by ultrasound observation. In the final assessment, all pressure ulcers without necrosis were stage I or stage II types. The hypoechoic pressure ulcers in the first assessment were found to be either stage III or stage IV types. Using these results, the predictive validity of the initial assessment using ultrasound was calculated. The results were as follows : sensitivity 58.3%, specificity 100.0%, positive predictive value 100.0% and negative predictive value 88.1%. This suggests that hypoechoic images detected in initial assessment using ultrasound can be predictive of full-thickness stage III : or IV wounds.<br />日本褥瘡学会の許可を得て登録_2021.09.22
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| 39.
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Nakatani, Toshio ; Tanaka, Shigenori ; Mizukami, Shigeki ; 中谷, 壽男
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金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系<br />日本解剖学会の許可を得て登録_ 20210714
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| 40.
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Nakatani, Toshio ; Mizukami, Shigeki ; Tanaka, Shigenori ; 中谷, 壽男
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金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系<br />日本解剖学会の許可を得て登録
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| 41.
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Tanaka, Shigenori ; Nakatani, Toshio ; Mizukami, Shigeki ; Yasui, Kinya ; Uemura, Masanori ; 中谷, 壽男
概要:
金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系<br />日本解剖学会の許可を得て登録_ 20210714
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| 42.
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Tanaka, Shigenori ; Shoumura, Shizuko ; Chen, Huayue ; Nakatani, Toshio ; Mizukami, Shigeki ; 中谷, 壽男
概要:
金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系<br />日本解剖学会の許可を得て登録_ 20210714
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| 43.
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Tanaka, Shigenori ; Nakatani, Toshio ; Mizukami, Shigeki ; Lee, Hye-Yeon ; Chung, In-Huyk ; 中谷, 壽男
概要:
金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系<br />We report a variant branch of the internal laryngeal nerve found in a Japanese male body. This bran
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ch, arising in the piriform fossa from the inferior portion of the loose network formed by the intercommunicating subbranches of the internal laryngeal nerve, descended in the interval between the thyroid and arytenoid cartilages accompanied by a branch of the superior laryngeal artery as far downward as the lowest portion of the thyroid cartilage. Here it crossed lateral to the inferior laryngeal nerve to which it gave off a communicating branch and reached the deep surface of the cricothyroid muscle. In this muscle it split into several divisions, each of which issued filaments to this muscle. The terminal branch of this variant branch ended in the fascia covering the cricothyroid muscle and the cricoid cartilage.<br />日本解剖学会の許可を得て登録
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| 44.
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Nakatani, Toshio ; Tanaka, Shigenori ; Mizukami, Shigeki ; 中谷, 壽男
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金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系<br />日本解剖学会の許可を得て登録_ 20210714
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| 45.
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Nakatani, Toshio ; Mizukami, Shigeki ; Tanaka, Shigenori ; 中谷, 壽男
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金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系<br />日本解剖学会の許可を得て登録_ 20210714
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| 46.
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Mizukami, Shigeki ; Tanaka, Shigenori ; Nakatani, Toshio ; 中谷, 壽男
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金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系<br />日本解剖学会の許可を得て登録_ 20210714
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| 47.
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中谷, 壽男 ; 田中, 重徳 ; 水上, 茂樹 ; Nakatani, Toshio ; Tanaka, Shigenori ; Mizukami, Shigeki
概要:
金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系<br />日本解剖学会の許可を得て登録_ 20210714
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| 48.
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Yamamoto, Masayoshi ; Sakanoue, Masanobu ; 山本, 政儀 ; 阪上, 正信
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金沢大学環日本海域環境研究センター<br />Laboratory experiments using radiotracer of americium (241Am) and humic acid isolated from natura
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l surface soil have been conducted to evaluate the effect of added humic acid on the behavior of Am(III) in aqueous solution and the stability constant of the complex formed between Am(III) and humic acid. The former experiments were performed in the synthetic aqueous medium containing Ca or in fresh rain water at pH 6.5 and 4.5. At pH 6.5 in the absence of humic acid, Am(III) in both solutions [(Ca: 10 ppm) or rain water] was almostly adsorbed on the wall of the polyethylene vial used, and the major fraction of Am left in the solution was retained on the filter of 0.45μm pore size. On the other hand, in the presence of humic acid (100 ppm), the adsorption of Am on the vail was not observed, and the decrease of the retention of Am on the same filter suggests its complex formation with humic acid. At pH 4.5, the behavior of Am(III) in the solution (Ca: 10 ppm) was not influenced by the addition of humic acid (100 ppm). When the quantities of Ca were increased in the solution at a constant amount of humic acid, insoluble complexes were formed according to the increase of Ca to humic acid, and Am was scavenged over 90% as the insoluble complexes. The study of stability constant indicated that Am(III) had the strong interaction with humic acid.
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| 49.
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Yamamoto, Masayoshi ; Tanii, Taeko ; Sakanoue, Masanobu ; 山本, 政儀 ; 谷井, 妙子 ; 阪上, 正信
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金沢大学環日本海域環境研究センター<br />Two kinds of samples have been tested to investigate the adsorption of plutonium in soil under na
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tural conditions. In a soil sample containing only about 5% of organic materials, no significant leaching of plutonium was observed with three kinds of extractants, namely, 1N-ammonium acetate, 5%-EDTA and 0.1N-sodium citrate, while some plutonium was leached with 0.1N-citric acid. The results of solubility tests made with natural soil organic acids, namely, humic and fulvic acids, showed that solubilization of plutonium by these acids is unlikely to occur in this soil sample. On the other hand, in another soil sample rich in organic materials (about 50%), significant leaching of plutonium was observed with all the extractants tested. The leaching of plutonium was especially very high with 0.1N-sodium citrate (about 60%) ; sodium citrate showing an initial pH of 8.4 probably solubilized some of organic materials present. Experiments made on extraction of organic materials with alkali solution also suggested that as much as 60-70% of plutonium in this soil sample was associated with some organic acids, whose carbon content was assumed to be 30-40% of the total organic carbon in the soil sample. This finding is very important from a view point of the uptake of plutonium by plant because plutonium associated with such organic acids is presumed to exist abundantly in cultivated soils which are quite rich in organic materials.
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| 50.
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Yamamoto, Masayoshi ; Matsui, Masao ; Igarashi, Shuichi ; Yoshioka, Mitsuo ; Hayakawa , Hironobu ; Kitagawa, Sadaharu ; 山本, 政儀 ; 松井, 正夫 ; 五十嵐, 修一 ; 吉岡, 満夫 ; 早川, 博信 ; 北川, 貞治
概要:
金沢大学環日本海域環境研究センター<br />The concentrations of 239Pu and 137Cs due to fall-out, and 60Co originating from the nuclear powe
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r reactor in the sediments sampled at Urazoko Bay, Fukui Pref., Japan, were determined and their correlation with the particle size or the amount of glycerol adsorbed on the sediments as a measure of surface area of the sediment particles were examined. By the size segregation of sediment, the contents of 239Pu, 137Cs and 60Co were found to reach to the highest value in the fraction below 37 μm in diameter. The concentrations of these radionuclides for each size fraction were directly proportional to the amount of glycerol adsorbed on the sediment particles. Based on these facts, the normalization of the concentration of these artificial radionuclides by the amount of adsorbed glycerol was attempted. For the fraction below 0.5 mm in diameter of various sediments collected at around Urazoko Bay during 1975-1977. It was confirmed that the contents of 239Pu and 137Cs per unit amount of adsorbed glycerol were nearly constant, respectively. Furthermore, the pollution characteristics of 60Co in the sediments, such as the distribution and the accumulation, was clearly estimated by using such normalization.
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