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成橋, 和正 ; 松下, 良 ; 清水, 栄 ; 山田, 清文 ; 宮本, 謙一 ; 木村, 和子 ; Naruhashi, Kazumasa ; Matsushita, Ryo ; Shimizu, Sakae ; Yamada, Kiyofumi ; Miyamoto, Ken-ichi ; Kimura, Kazuko
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医薬保健研究域薬学系<br />We conducted a prospective investigation using the visual analog scale (VAS) method to evaluate the phar
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macy experience and lectures of the Division of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University. The students were instructed to evaluate their understanding and attainment of the pharmacy experience and lectures. The preceptors then evaluated the students in their charge based on their understanding and attainment of the pharmacy experience. Comparisons before and after the pharmacy experience and for each student-preceptor pair were performed with the aim of solving problems encountered, if any, for improvement. For most of the cases, scores of, self-evaluation by the students for after the pharmacy experience were higher than those for before, indicating that the pharmacy practice had been effective. The student-preceptor comparison showed that the students gave themselves higher scores for understanding and the preceptors gave their students higher scores for skills. This shows that the students felt that they had gained much knowledge of pharmacy but thought that they needed further training to improve their practical skills. In the self-evaluations after the course of lectures but prior to the pharmacy practice, the overall degree of understanding was 60%, however, this decreased after the pharmacy experience. Thus, the students were not able to retain the knowledge gained during the lectures until the end of the pharmacy experience, suggesting a need to review the content of the lectures and to rearrange schedules.
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金谷, 圭子 ; 古川, 裕之 ; 山嵜, 威志 ; 石崎, 純子 ; 木村, 和子 ; 宮本, 謙一 ; Kanaya, Keiko ; Furukawa, Hiroyuki ; Yamazaki, Takeshi ; Ishizaki, Junko ; Kimura, Kazuko ; Miyamoto, Ken-ichi
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医薬保健研究域薬学系<br />出版者照会後に全文公開
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Naruhashi, Kazumasa ; Asahi, Mariko ; Higuchi, Yasuko ; Matsushita, Ryo ; Shimizu, Sakae ; Kimura, Kazuko ; Suzuki, Nagao ; Yokogawa, Koichi ; Fujita, Shin-ichi ; Miyamoto, Ken-ichi ; 成橋, 和正 ; 松下, 良 ; 清水, 栄 ; 木村, 和子 ; 鈴木, 永雄 ; 横川, 弘一 ; 宮本, 謙一
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医薬保健研究域薬学系<br />To explore appropriate antimicrobial usage in Kanazawa University Hospital, the surveillance of antimicr
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obial use on an individual patient basis was conducted and analyses of outstanding cases were made in detail. All data of inpatients between August 1st and November 30th 1999, who were prescribed at least one of the 11 antimicrobial injections that are frequently used at our hospital were collected by utilizing a computer database support system of the hospital. The overall usage seemed appropriate in terms of the period of use based on an antimicrobial analysis. However, an analysis on an individual-patient basis suggested some inappropriate usage/misuse in certain cases. Imipenem was prescribed from the ophthalmology ward in more than 50% of all cases. This was found to be used as a postoperative prophylactic antibiotic. Since no antibiotic was prescribed to these patients thereafter, this usage cannot be defined as inappropriate although alternative antibiotics may be considered. Vancomycin was prescribed to some methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-negative patients. We also found some extensively prolonged usage of antimicrobials. All of these were considered to be inappropriate in regard to usage specified for insurance. After investigations of medical charts and consultations with attending physicians, these antimicorobials had been empirically prescribed. In one case, imipenem was prescribed to an imipenem-insensitive patient. A different effective antimicrobial drug should have been prescribed. In conclusion, we were able to uncover some inappropriate usage of antimicrobials in a patient-by-patient investigation. Our findings suggest that further surveillance and on-time suggestions to prescribers should result in a more appropriate administration of antimicrobials.
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Takizawa, Yukiho ; Mizuhara, Yasuharu ; Morita, Toshimi ; Kase, Yoshihiro ; Takeda, Shuichi ; Aburada, Masaki ; Miyamoto, Ken-ichi ; 宮本, 謙一
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Aims: Unpito, an herbal medicine extracted from a mixture of five crude medicines (Rhei Rhizoma, Glycyrrhizae Radix, Gin
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seng Radix, Zingiberis Rhizoma and Aconiti Tuber), has been developed as a drug for chronic renal failure. In general, it is difficult to estimate the absorption and excretion of herbal medicines due to the presence of a wide variety of components. The purpose of the current study was to examine the systemic pharmacokinetics and elimination of Unpito in healthy volunteers as part of the clinical study of the medicine. Methods: Three compounds, (-)epicatechin 3-O-gallate (ECG), glycyrrhetic acid (GA) and rhein (RH) were selected as markers, to examine the clinical pharmacokinetics of Unpito based on their levels in this medicine. The disposition of each compound was evaluated in 32 healthy volunteers receiving single oral doses (2, 4, 8, and 12 capsules). Results: After a single oral administration, ECG and RH exhibited linear pharmacokinetics in AUC and C max, while GA did not exhibit linear pharmacokinetics. A cross-over study was conducted to evaluate the effect of food at a single dose of 4 capsules. The effect of food was observed for the plasma concentrations of ECG and RH, while not for GA. The potential accumulations of δ-(3,4- dihydroxyphenyl)-γ-valerolactone (VL-2), a metabolite of ECG and RH were not observed. GA was not detected in urine. Conclusions: This is the first study presenting pharmacokinetics of ECG, GA and RH derived from Unpito, an herbal medicine, in healthy volunteers after single dose administration.<br />出版者照会後に全文公開
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宮本, 謙一
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[Reviews][学会開催報告]
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宮本, 謙一
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[巻頭言]
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宮本, 謙一
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[学会開催報告 / Reviews]
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石崎, 純子 ; 神田, 哲雄 ; 古川, 裕之 ; 松田, 静枝 ; 中川, 清治 ; 宮本, 謙一
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金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科分子作用学<br />金沢大学薬学部
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石崎, 純子 ; 松嶋, 由紀子 ; 長田, 幸恵 ; 松田, 静枝 ; 中川, 清治 ; 古川, 裕之 ; 宮本, 謙一
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金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科分子作用学<br />金沢大学薬学部
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石崎, 純子 ; 下村, 祥子 ; 福和, 千恵 ; 嶋田, 努 ; 横川, 弘一 ; 宮本, 謙一
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金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科分子作用学<br />金沢大学医学部附属病院薬剤部<br />金沢大学大学院医学系研究科<br />We examined the influence of basic drugs and protein var
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iants on the binding disposition of ropivacaine to α_1-acid glycoprotein (AGP). On doing this, we found the values of the competitive inhibition constant (K_i) for dipyridamole, verapamil, lidocaine and disopyramide with respect to the binding of ropivacaine to commercial AGP (70mg/dL) to be 2.1, 5.2, 6.0 and 11.0μM, respectively. Also, there was a strong correlation between the f_u value and the AGP concentration when ropivacaine was added to plasma samples from ten healthy volunteers (r=0.861). Among the volunteers, eight showed F_1S variants and two showed F_1 variants without the S variant of AGP. There was no difference in the f_u value of ropivacaine between these two groups. However, when ropivacaine was added together with dipyridamole, the f_u values of ropivacaine in plasma from volunteers with F_1S variants were clearly higher than those from volunteers without the S variant. When ropivacaine was added together with disopyramide or lidocaine, however, there was no difference in f_u values between these variants. Our results indicate that variability in the effectiveness and/or adverse effects of ropivacaine are caused by changes in f_u as a consequence of changes in AGP concentration. They also suggest that in combination therapy, it is also important to consider the AGP variant-dependence of the inhibitory effect of concomitantly administered drugs
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