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| 1.
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Watanabe, Chihiro ; Monzen, Ryoichi ; Tazaki, Kazue
概要:
金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科機能創成システム<br />The effects of addition of Zr and Ag on the mechanical properties of a Cu-0.5 wt%Cr alloy ha
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ve been investigated. The addition of 0.15 wt%Zr enhances the strength and resistance to stress relaxation of the Cu-Cr alloy. The increase in strength is caused by both the decrease in inter-precipitate spacing of Cr precipitates and the precipitation of Cu5Zr phase. The stress relaxation resistance is improved by the preferentially forming Cu5Zr precipitates on dislocations, in addition to Cr precipitates on dislocations. The addition of 0.1 wt%Ag to the Cu-Cr and Cu-Cr-Zr alloys improves the strength, stress relaxation resistance and bend formability of these alloys. The increase in strength and stress relaxation resistance is ascribed to the decrease in inter-precipitate spacing of Cr precipitates and the suppression of recovery during aging, and to the Ag-atom-drag effect on dislocation motion. The better bend formability of the Ag-added alloys is explained in terms of the larger post-uniform elongation of the alloys. © 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
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| 2.
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Watanabe, Chihiro ; Monzen, Ryoichi ; Tazaki, Kazue
概要:
金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科機能創成システム<br />The effects of addition of Zr and Ag on the mechanical properties of a Cu-0.5 wt%Cr alloy ha
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ve been investigated. The addition of 0.15 wt%Zr enhances the strength and resistance to stress relaxation of the Cu-Cr alloy. The increase in strength is caused by both the decrease in inter-precipitate spacing of Cr precipitates and the precipitation of Cu5Zr phase. The stress relaxation resistance is improved by the preferentially forming Cu5Zr precipitates on dislocations, in addition to Cr precipitates on dislocations. The addition of 0.1 wt%Ag to the Cu-Cr and Cu-Cr-Zr alloys improves the strength, stress relaxation resistance and bend formability of these alloys. The increase in strength and stress relaxation resistance is ascribed to the decrease in inter-precipitate spacing of Cr precipitates and the suppression of recovery during aging, and to the Ag-atom-drag effect on dislocation motion. The better bend formability of the Ag-added alloys is explained in terms of the larger post-uniform elongation of the alloys. © 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
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| 3.
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Watanabe, Chihiro ; Nishijima, Fumiya ; Monzen, Ryoichi ; Tazaki, Kazue
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金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科機能創成システム<br />The effects of P and Cr addition and two-step aging on the microstructure and mechanical pro
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perties of a Cu-4wt%Ni-0.95wt%Si alloy have been examined. The addition of 0.02wt%P improves both strength and elongation because it suppresses discontinuous precipitation reaction. The Cr addition to the Cu-Ni-Si-P alloy decreases greatly the grain size, resulting in an increase in elongation. Two-step aging, pre-aging at 300 or 350°C and subsequent second-step aging at 450°C, causes an increase in strength without reducing elongation. The increase in strength is attributable to the decrease in inter-precipitate spacing by the two-step aging. The two-step aged Cu-4wt%Ni-0.95wt%Si-0.02wt%P-0.02wt%Cr alloy attains a tensile strength of 830MPa, an elongation of 13% and an electrical conductivity of 35%IACS.
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| 4.
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Tazaki, Kazue ; Asada, Ryuji
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金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科環境動態<br />Mercury is a toxic substance that is widely distributed throughout the hydrosphere, biosphere, a
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nd lithosphere. Mine waste environments and mine waters support a wide diversity of microbial life. The microbial ecology of environments where mine waters are polluted with heavy metals is poorly understood. Here, we describe the features of bacteria in mercury-contaminated gold panning ponds in a small-scale gold mine (Geita) near Lake Victoria, Tanzania using energy filtering transmission electron microscopy (EF-TEM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (STEM-EDX). Most bacteria in the panning pond showed thick exopolysaccharides (EPSs), and many clay minerals attached onto the surface of EPSs. The clay minerals and EPSs might act as protective layers for the bacteria against toxic materials. The clay minerals were composed of smectite, halloysite, and kaolinite associated with calcite and goethite. Scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy indicated that the bulk soil samples contained abundant Si, Al, K, Ca, and Fe with heavy metals such as Au, Ti, and Ag. The results indicate that Hg pollution from panning ponds is caused by not only volatilization of Hg from Au-Hg amalgams, but Hg is also released into the air as dust mixed with dry fine clays, suggesting high long-term environmental risks. Mercury-resistant bacteria associated with clay minerals may have a significant effect on the weathering processes of the ore during long-term bioremediation. The clay mineral complexes on the surface of bacterial cell walls are a stimulator for Hg-resistant bacterial growth in mud ponds contaminated with the Au-Hg materials. 全文公開200809
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| 5.
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Tazaki, Kazue ; Morikawa, Toshikazu ; Watanabe, Hiroaki ; Asada, Ryuji ; Okuno, Masayuki
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出版者照会後に全文公開<br />Microbial formation, Bio-imogolite, Fibrous network structure, Bacterial cell wall, Cohesion, Electron microscope
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| 6.
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Brandon, Keely ; Tazaki, Kazue ; Okuno, Masayuki
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出版者照会後に全文公開<br />A unique ecosystem composed of liverworts, diatoms, bacteria and argillaceous sediments is able to thri
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ve in spite of acidic, sulfur and heavy metal contaminated water below the abandoned Ogoya Copper Mine in Ishikawa, Japan. Sample analyses by optical microscope, ED-XRF, XRD, SEM, TEM and FE-TEM revealed that Fe and Cu were taken up by benthic organisms and sediments. Metal uptake and precipitation, including adsorption by clay minerals, improves the water quality for surrounding organisms. Liverworts shelter diatoms and bacteria, also trapping sediments and precipitates that would otherwise be washed away. Meanwhile bacteria are involved in metal accumulation and converting toxic aqueous metals to minerals. Liverworts displayed Cu and occasionally Fe and Zn content. Clay sediments were enriched in Fe and sometimes S, with traces of Ti, Mn, Cu, Zn, and occasionally As, Br, Sr and Zr. Based on XRD analyses, chlorite, mica minerals, feldspar, quartz and chloritoid were predominant in the <2μm fraction of the river sediments, along with traces of the sulfate minerals melanterite, chalcanthite and despujolsite. Mine drainage has compromised the health of surrounding communities and damaged river ecosystems. Clarification and optimization of natural metal uptake processes and the fate of mine-related elements could hold keys to sustainable remediation methods for use in the Ogoya mine area.
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| 7.
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Nagase, Takako ; Tazaki, Kazue
概要:
出版者照会後に全文公開<br />Low-silica zeolite samples and smectite were hydrothermally synthesized from Si-Al hydrous oxides. The
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synthesized zeolite phases changed to structures having lower Si/Al ratio with increases in the amount of NaOH in the slurry, and time of hydrothermal treatment. When tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide (TEAOH) was added instead of NaOH, ammonium smectite was produced without zeolite. SEM and TEM images suggested that crystallization occurred at the solid-liquid interface. Upon addition of NaOH (Na/Si<0.2) to the smectite, zeolite nucleation was observed on the surface of the clay film. The zeolite phase changes depended on the dissolution of the solid phase and the resultant change in composition of the liquid phase. The observed phase relationships agreed with the calculated formation free energies and solubilities. Thus, low-silica zeolite formation under hydrothermal conditions was strongly affected by the composition and concentration of the solution. The phase relationships based on solubility curves, can be used to control the synthesis of metastable aluminous silicates and can be applied to the design of some industrial materials such as zeolite membranes and molecular sieves using hydrophilic low-silica zeolites and smectites.
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| 8.
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POLGARI, MARTA ; Tazaki, Kazue ; Watanabe, Hiroaki ; VIGH, TAMAS ; Gucsik, Arnold
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出版者照会後に全文公開<br />The black shale-hosted ÚRKÚT Mn-mineralization is among the 10 largest deposits in the World. In this s
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tudy optical and electron microscopy demonstrated the biological formation of Mn-Fe minerals in Mn-carbonate ores. The ED-XRF elemental content maps and SEM-EDX observation of the ores showed distribution of Mn, Fe, and Si banded layer structure whereas the Mg, Al, and K are randomly distributed, as well as to explain the role of microorganisms associated with Ca and P. In both samples abundant microorganisms were found in the dark brown and white layers. Optical micrographs of thin sections clearly showed various shapes of cellular materials, such as spherule, oval, and filamentous morphologies. SEM-EDX observation revealed Fe-rich and P-Ca components around microorganisms showing spherule, tubular, and filamentous cells. The present investigation strongly suggests that the Mn-Fe and Si minerals were associated with microorganisms as a biological organic product. The identity of the bacteria responsible for Mn mineral formation is unknown, but is tentatively assigned to Mn and Fe bacteria on the basis of morphology. The genesis of rocks and minerals have played a pivotal role in Toarcian age, and they may even have acted as life genetic system.
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| 9.
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Mitsuno, Masumi ; Tazaki, Kazue ; Fyfe, W. S. ; Powell, Michael A. ; Hart, Brian ; Daishng, Sun ; Li, Sheng-Rong
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出版者照会後に全文公開<br />Natural cultivation experiments using coal ash, reservoir sediments and Yellow River sediments were car
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ried out to determine the applicability of using these wastes to remediate desertificated soil in Inner Mongolia, China. In the experiments, the microorganisms multiplied more when coal ash was applied to the desertificated soil. Under optical microscope, abundant bacteria were observed in porous surfaces and inside of coal ash particles thereby indicating that the addition of coal ash to desertificated soil hastens the breeding of bacteria, improves soil quality and could be used in afforestation practices. The effects of ash on soil can be explained in two ways: first, in terms of its chemical characteristics (the coal ash contains C, N, P and K); and second, in terms of its micromorphology (it is porous). In natural cultivation experiments, the mixing of reservoir sediments and/orYellow River sediments with the coal ash helped multiply bacteria. These experiments suggest that coal ash and reservoir sediments can be utilized to help solve some of the most serious environmental issues facing China today.
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| 10.
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Chaerun, S. Khodijah ; Tazaki, Kazue
概要:
出版者照会後に全文公開<br />The effect of kaolinite on the growth of hydrocarbon-utilizing indigenous microorganisms in high concen
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tration of heavy oil (i.e., approximately 150 g/l) was studied. Microorganisms were able to grow well in such an extremely high concentration in the presence of yeast extract as co-substrate in direct contact with kaolinite. The presence of kaolinite was not toxic but stimulant for the microbial growth associated with the formation of biofilms at pH values of 5-6 after 36 days of incubation. Bacterial growth predominated when the pH of solutions was neutral-alkaline condition, while fungal growth was predominant as the pH of solutions decreased to be as low as 5 or lower. TEM observation of the kaolinite-oil-microorganism complexes showed that the microbial cells tended to be primarily bound on the edges of kaolinite, and XRD analysis confirmed that their complexes were the adsorption of the cells and heavy oil to the external surfaces of kaolinite. The results may contribute to what environmental factors having a great influence on the bioremediation process is therefore fundamental to many areas contaminated with oil spills, primarily marine and coastal environments. To our knowledge, there are no previous reports on the use of the clay minerals (i.e., kaolinite) in the bioremediation of the Nakhodka oil spill in combination with biofilm formation.
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| 11.
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Tazaki, Kazue
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Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been used to demonstrate the biological formation of a hollow spherical hallo
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ysite-like mineral in freshwater systems. The interaction between clays and microbes was investigated in microbial films from laboratory cultures derived from natural sediments. Optical and electron microscopic observations of cultured microbes revealed that thin clay films covered areas of the bacterial cell wall. X-ray diffraction of the thin films after 2 y of ageing showed a 7.13 Å d spacing, consistent with a 7 Å halloysite-like phase [Al 2Si 2O 5 (OH) 4·H 2O]. Fourier transform infrared analysis of the thin film exhibited the characteristic adsorption bands for O-H (3651 cm -1), C-H and C-N (2925, 1454 and 1420 cm -1, respectively), suggesting that the phase was closely associated with adhesive organics. Observation by TEM of the thin films revealed that spherical, hollow, halloysite-like material formed on both coccus- and bacillus-type bacterial cells. Electron diffraction analysis of this material showed 2.9, 2.5, 2.2 and 1.5 Å d spacings. The present investigation strongly suggests that the thin film wall of the spherical halloysite-like material was associated with bacteria as a bio-organic product. This material, referred to hereafter as bio-halloysite, is further evidence for the microbially-mediated formation of clay minerals. The identity of the bacteria responsible for bio-halloysite formation is unknown, but is tentatively assigned to sulfate-reducing bacteria on the basis of morphology and the presence of reducing conditions in the microcosm at the end of the experiments. Copyright © 2005, The Clay Minerals Society.
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| 12.
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Tazaki, Kazue ; Wakimoto, Rie ; Minami, Yukiya ; Yamamoto, Masayoshi ; Miyata, Koshirou ; Sato, Kazuhiro ; Saji, Ichiro ; Chaerun, S. Khodijah ; Zhou, Guoping ; Morishita, Tomoaki ; Asada, Ryuji ; Segawa, Hiromi ; Imanishi, Hiroki ; Kato, Rie ; Otani, Yusuke ; Watanabe, Tomoko
概要:
Rainwater collected during the period of February-April, 2003 in Kanazawa University and Hakui, Ishikawa Prefecture, Jap
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an, was investigated by ion chromatography of the dissolved ions, and Scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive analyzer (SEM-EDX), electron microprobe analyzer (EPMA), transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analyses of the filtered samples. The pH, Eh, EC, dissolved oxygen (DO) and depleted U (DU) of the rainwater were also measured. The results show a rare case with low pH value of rain and high value of electrical conductivity (EC) in the rainwater during certain period. The NO 3 -, SO 4 2- and NH 4 + concentrations on 26th March, show quite high values after oil field fires on 21st March 2003. The powdery dust and carbon-bearing nm sized particles contained in the rainwater have characteristics different from that of the Asian dust (Kosa). Since 21 March, 2003 the Iraq plunged into the war, the 9 oil field fires were reported on 25 March, 2003 in Rumaylah oil field near the borderline of Kuwait. The first precipitation was caught in Kanazawa on 24 March, 2003. The pH value of the rainwater indicated a strong acid rain (pH 3.6) with black powdery dusts. The acid rain on 27th March to 2nd April (pH 3.4-4.3; 5-17mm) associated with WNW wind (2.7-4.1m/s) has continued to the first 10 days of April in Kanazawa, during the 9 oil fields were burning in Iraq. The EC in rainwater collected from 24 March to 15 April, 2003, shows high concentrations of ions, suggesting high contents of water soluble-carbon particles and soot. In the meantime, it was the highest season of sandstorms at bare dried land in Iraq from the end of March to the beginning of April. Westerly wind blew around 5500m high, and the sandstorm with 2000m wide was transported by strong wind to Zagros 3000m high mountains. The hot wind hit the Zagros Mountains and easily to join and rise to Westerly wind high by a rising air current. The 234U/ 238U activity (around 0.2) in typical depleted uranium (DU) is quite low compared with that (around 1.0) in natural uranium. The contamination of DU from the Iraq conflict may be, if any, negligibly small on undetectable level. On the other hand, the powdery dusts and carbon-bearing particles of rainwater have been produced by combustion of oil field in Iraq and they are directly cycling in our planet by Westerly wind. Black carbon particles are a product of incomplete combustion, and are the principal light-absorbing atmospheric aerosol. The result reminds us of the scientific values of short-term atmospheric environment records during Iraq's War. This has consequences for primary production of powdery dusts coming from Iraq to the atmosphere over half the globe away. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 13.
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Tazaki, Kazue
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| 14.
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Tazaki, Kazue
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Tazaki, Kazue ; Hattori, Tatsuya
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Tazaki, Kazue ; Asada, Ryuji ; Watanabe, Hiroaki ; Shiraki, Koichi ; Iwai, Takamasa ; Wakimoto, Rie ; Songo, Majura A.M. ; Muhongo, Sospeter M.
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Tazaki, Kazue ; Watanabe, Hiroaki
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Department of Earth Sciences, Kanazawa University<br />Bioaccumulation of radioactive sulfide minerals by bacteria in st
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rong acidic hot spring water was found at Tamagawa Hot Springs, Akita prefecture in Japan. The hot spring water produces Hokutolite of radioactive minerals containing high radium and radon. The ƒﾀ-ray measurements of sediments and biofilms indicate 1850-2420 and 5700 cpm, respectively, which are 50-100 times higher than that of the water and the air (50-90 cpm). The characteristics of hot spring water show pH (1.2), Eh (140 mV), EC (29mS/cm), DO (0.8 mg/l), and water temperature (99.5 Ž), indicating extremely strong acidic and reducing conditions. The hot spring water contains mainly HCl associated with high concentrations of Ca^<2+>, Al^<3+>, Fe^<2+>, HSO_4 and SO_4^<2->. SEM-EDX and TEM demonstrate some insight into how microorganisms affect the chemistry and microbiological characteristics of the strong acidic surroundings with high S, As, Ba, and Ca contents in biofilms. Especially SEM-EDX, ED-XRF, and STEM-EDX elemental content maps illustrate the distribution of sulfur-bearing compounds of barite (BaSO_4), gypsum (CaSO_4 E2H_2O), elemental sulfur (S) and orpiment (As_2S_3) in the reddish orange biofilms. The presence of a hydrogen sulfide-rich (H_2S) thermal spring and gypsum deposits suggest the volatilization of H_2S from the spring water, oxidation of the H_2S gas to sulfuric acid, and reaction of the sulfuric acid. TEM micrographs of bacteria in the biofilms reveal in detail the intimate connections between biological and mineralogical processes that the cells are entirely accumulated with spherical grains, 100 `200 nm in diameter. The relationship among sulfide minerals, such as barite, gypsum, sulfur, orpiment, and Hokutolite, associated with bacteria implies that heavy metals have been transported from strong acidic hot spring water to sediments through bacterial metabolism. It is possible that the capability of radioactive sulfide biofims for heavy metal immobilization can be used to counteract the disastrous effects of radio nuclide polluted water and radio pharmaceutical medical treatment.
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| 18.
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Chaerun, S. Khodijah ; Tazaki, Kazue ; Asada, Ryuji ; Kogure, Kazuhiro
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Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University<br />Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kanazawa University<br />Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo<br />This paper describes the
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isolation of alkane-degrading bacteria from the Nakhodka oil spill-polluted seashores in the Sea of Japan. Seven representative strains were identified using 16S rDNA sequence analysis as Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas sp., and Paracoccus spp. All bacterial strains showed their ability to grow well on aliphatic hydrocarbons, but not on aromatic hydrocarbons. In addition, elemental levels in heavy oil showed wide ranges in all the heavy oil samples consisting of Si, S, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb. Compounds of Si, S, and Cr were observed at high levels, while those of Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb were observed at low levels. Of all heavy metals, Co appeared to be toxic for all bacterial growth at concentrations of >1 ppm, while the presence of Ti, Cr, and Cu at 0.01 to 10 ppm were found not to inhibit growth of all bacterial strains. It is suspected that the presence of heavy metals may have a significant effect on the composition of the bacterial community, (i.e., alkane-degrading bacterial isolates), as well as on the biodegradative processes of the Nakhodka oil spill during the 5-year bioremediation.
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| 19.
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Saji, Ichiro ; Nishikawa, Osamu ; Belkova, Natalia ; Okrugin, Viktor ; Tazaki, Kazue
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Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University<br />Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kanazawa University<br />Institute of Volcanology of Far Eastern Division of Russian Academy of
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Sciences<br />Chemical and biological characteristics of hot spring water, travertines and microbial mats collected from seven hydrothermal systems of the Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia are described. Water quality of the Vilyuchinskie hot springs was almost the same as those of Tazaki et al. (2003). Elemental concentration of hot spring waters was mainly composed of Na, K, Ca, and Mg with high contents of Fe, As, and Sr. The structure and elemental composition of travertine and biomats were studied with optical microscopy, ED-XRF, XRD, and EPMA. High content of As (43.88 wt%) was found in the deposits and biomats of the Nalychevskie hot springs. Extremely high concentration of Cd of 9.56 wt% was detected in the deposits of the Paratunskie hot springs. Traces of mercury (0.57 wt%) were found in the soft parts of biomats from the Apapelskie-1 hot springs. Optical microscopic observation of thin section of Oksinskie, Apapelskie, and Vilyuchinskie biomats revealed laminated structures. Soft parts of biomats mainly consist of cyanobacteria Anabaena spp. and green algae. A calcareous travertine of the Vilyuchinskie hot springs recorded the evidences of a long-term transition of water chemistry and periodic changes of environmental conditions such as water flux from the well and rainfall. Intensive hydrothermal alteration was observed in the Dachnye hot springs. Optical microscopic observation of microbial mats revealed diversity of microorganisms both in free-living forms and in association with mineral particles. Metabolically active cells were detected in the microbial mats indicating the impact of bacteria to the geochemical processes in the surroundings environments.
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| 20.
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Tazaki, Kazue ; Miyata, Koushiro ; Tanaka, Taichu Y. ; Chiba, Masaru ; Wakimoto, Rie ; Saji, Ichiro ; Sato, Kazuhiro
概要:
Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kanazawa University<br />Graduate School of Natural Science and Techno
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logy, Kanazawa University<br />Meteorological Research Institute JST Cooperative System for Supporting Priority Research<br />Unusual strong acidic rain recorded during the Iraq War in Japan Sea side 8000km away from Iraq. In order to monitor the seasonal change of pH, the rainwater was collected during the period from March 24th to September 24th, 2003 at Kanazawa, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. For comparison, the rainwater at Wakayama (the Pacific Ocean side) was collected, during the period from March 24th to April 30th, 2003. The pH, Eh, EC, and DO of the rainwater were measured in laboratory periodically. Filtered rain dusts were investigated by scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM-EDX), electron probe micro analyzer (EPMA), transmission electron microscope (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (ED-XRF), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analyses. In this study, the fluctuation of pH values and electrical conductivity (EC) of rainwater during this half-year period were measured to find abnormal events, such as the Iraq War effects. Since March 21st, 2003, Iraq plunged into the war. The more than 30 oil field fires in Rumaylah, Basrah, Mosul, and other oil fields near the borderline of Kuwait and Iran were reported in March and in April, 2003 in Japan. The first precipitation during the Iraq War was caught on March 24th, 2003. In the period from March 24th to April 5th, the notable low pH value of 3.4-4.4 and high EC value of 20-360ƒﾊS/cm were detected in Kanazawa. The acidic rain associated with WNW wind (2.7-4.1m/s) has continued to the first 10 days of April in Kanazawa, during the 9 oil fields were burning in Rumaylah, Iraq. In the same time, the upper current of air maps confirmed that the 5520-5700m lines cross over and spread on both Iraq and Japanese Honshu Island. It is considered that westerly wind crossed over both Iraq and Japan. The high EC values from March 24th to April 5th, 2003, suggest that high concentrations of water-soluble carbon particles and soot contained in the rainwater. In addition, the black powdery dusts were detected from the strong acidic rainwater on April 1st. The powdery dusts and carbon-bearing particles contained in the rainwater have characteristics different from that of the Asian aerosol particles (Kosa). The results suggest that both powdery dusts and carbon-bearing particles of rainwater have been produced by combustion of oil field in Iraq. Simulation data support the directly cycling by westerly wind indicating the influence of the Iraq War. Possible evidences provided in this paper, such as strong acidic rain and high EC values with nm-sized carbon soot at lapan Sea side, was the influence of the Iraq War. It was suggested that local events affect the global atmospheric environments. Smoke from oil field fires around Baghdad and other wartime pollution could create long-term health hazards.
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| 21.
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Tazaki, Kazue ; Okrugin, Victor M ; Okuno, Masayuki ; Belkova, Natalia ; Islam, ABM Rafiqul ; Chaerun, S. Khodijah ; Wakimoto, Rie ; Sato, Kazuhiro ; Moriichi, Shingo
概要:
Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kanazawa University<br />Institute of Volcanology Far Eastern Division
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of Russian Academy of Sciences<br />Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University<br />This study described the investigation of microbial mats that are rich in iron, arsenic, and manganese in four hydrothermal systems of Kamchatka, Russia namely Vilyuchinskie, Mutnovskie, Nachikinskie, and Malkinskie. The hydrothermal systems (hot springs) are contributing to the metallic and non-metallic mineral resources of Russia such as oil, gas, coal, copper, nickel, cobalt, tin, mercury, lead, zinc, diamond, platinum, gold, and silver. We observed the biogeochemical activities of microorganisms originating from microbial mats. The structure and elemental composition of microbial mats in these hydrothermal systems were studied with optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDX), whereas the water quality of these springs was measured by using pack tests. Additionally, portable Y-ray analyzer was employed to determine the kind and quantity of Y-ray in the atmospheric condition of sampling areas. Optical and scanning electron microscopic observations revealed that the microbial mats at these springs were mainly composed of a large number of microorganisms such as bacteria (coccus, bacillus, and filamentous), cyanobacteria, and algae in association with biominerals. Bacterial fluorometric enumeration of the thermal water informed that the total number of bacteria was relatively low, while the fraction of enzymatically active bacteria was high ranging from 27 % to 91 %. Besides that, ƒﾁ-ray observation showed that the predominantly ƒﾁ-ray range was between 320-380 keV dominating in green and black-colored microbial mats at Vilyuchinskie hot springs. Correspondingly, heavy metal and minerals deposits accumulated at all these springs indicating that microorganisms may contribute to binding and formation of the minerals. These activities and heavy mineral encrustation of cyanobacteria, bacteria, and algae may contribute to the growth of the heavy metal deposit (such as iron, manganese, and arsenic) at these springs. Obviously, Kamchatka hot springs provide a model for studying the potential role of prokaryotes and eukaryotes in the origin of heavy metal and minerals formation.
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| 22.
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Belkova, Natalia ; Parfenova, Valentina ; Zakharova, Juliya ; Tazaki, Kazue
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Nagai, Kaori ; Islam, ABM Rafiqul ; Tazaki, Kazue
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Tazaki, Kazue ; Miyata, Koushiro ; Belkova, Natalia ; Asada, Ryuji
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Islam, ABM Rafiqul ; Tazaki, Kazue
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| 26.
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Wakimoto, Rie ; Tazaki, Kazue
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金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科<br />場所：金沢大学自然科学研究科図書館棟1階，講演会場：図書館棟1階 大会議室，ポスター会場：図書館棟1階12会議室,主催・共催：文部科学省２１世紀COE「環日本海域の環境計測と長期・短期変動予測」， 大
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気環境学会， 金沢大学工学部
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| 27.
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Wakimoto, Rie ; Tazaki, Kazue
概要:
金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科<br />場所：東京大学弥生講堂，共催：文部科学省２１世紀COE「環日本海域の環境計測と長期・短期変動予測」，大気環境学会
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| 28.
論文 |
論文
|
Shiraki, Koichi ; Kawamura, Katsuyuki ; Tazaki, Kazue
概要:
東京工業大学<br />金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科<br />Promoting Environmental Pesearch in Pan-Japan Sea Area : Young Researchers' Network, Sch
…
edule: March 8-10,2006,Kanazawa Excel Hotel Tokyu, Japan, Organized by: Kanazawa University 21st-Century COE Program, Environmental Monitoring and Prediction of Long- & Short- Term Dynamics of Pan-Japan Sea Area ; IICRC(Ishikawa International Cooperation Research Centre), Sponsors : Japan Sea Research ; UNU-IAS(United Nations University Institute of Advanced Studies)+Ishikawa Prefecture Government ; City of Kanazawa
続きを見る
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| 29.
論文 |
論文
|
Shiraki, Koichi ; Kawamura, Katsuyuki ; Tazaki, Kazue
概要:
金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科<br />Department of Earthand Planetary Sciences<br />Promoting Environmental Pesearch in Pan-Japan Sea Are
…
a : Young Researchers' Network, Schedule: March 8-10,2006,Kanazawa Excel Hotel Tokyu, Japan, Organized by: Kanazawa University 21st-Century COE Program, Environmental Monitoring and Prediction of Long- & Short- Term Dynamics of Pan-Japan Sea Area ; IICRC(Ishikawa International Cooperation Research Centre), Sponsors : Japan Sea Research ; UNU-IAS(United Nations University Institute of Advanced Studies)+Ishikawa Prefecture Government ; City of Kanazawa
続きを見る
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| 30.
論文 |
論文
|
Wakimoto, Rie ; Tazaki, Kazue
概要:
金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科<br />Promoting Environmental Pesearch in Pan-Japan Sea Area : Young Researchers' Network, Schedule: March
…
8-10,2006,Kanazawa Excel Hotel Tokyu, Japan, Organized by: Kanazawa University 21st-Century COE Program, Environmental Monitoring and Prediction of Long- & Short- Term Dynamics of Pan-Japan Sea Area ; IICRC(Ishikawa International Cooperation Research Centre), Sponsors : Japan Sea Research ; UNU-IAS(United Nations University Institute of Advanced Studies)+Ishikawa Prefecture Government ; City of Kanazawa
続きを見る
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| 31.
論文 |
論文
|
Tazaki, Kazue
概要:
金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科 環境科学<br />Editor : Tazaki, Kazue |田崎, 和江
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| 32.
論文 |
論文
|
Tazaki, Kazue ; Tazaki's seminar
概要:
金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科 環境科学<br />Editor : Tazaki, Kazue |田崎, 和江
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| 33.
論文 |
論文
|
Sampei, Yoshikazu ; Tazaki, Kazue ; Obara, Yoshihiro ; Yoshimura, Takahisa ; Sawano, Nobuhiro ; Takayasu, Katsumi ; Iizumi, Shigeru ; Tokuoka, Takao
概要:
島根大学<br />金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科 環境科学<br />Editor : Tazaki, Kazue |田崎, 和江
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| 34.
論文 |
論文
|
Nishikawa, Osamu ; Sawano, Nobuhiro ; Hasegawa, Takashi ; Tazaki, Kazue
概要:
金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科 環境科学<br />Editor : Tazaki, Kazue |田崎, 和江
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| 35.
論文 |
論文
|
Chaerun, S. Khodijah ; Tazaki, Kazue ; Asada, Ryuji
概要:
Editor : Tazaki, Kazue |田崎, 和江
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| 36.
論文 |
論文
|
Tawara, Kenji ; Tazaki, Kazue
概要:
金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科 環境科学<br />Editor : Tazaki, Kazue | 田崎, 和江
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| 37.
論文 |
論文
|
Asada, Ryuji ; Tanaka, Yoshitaro ; Chaerun, S. Khodijah ; Tazaki, Kazue
概要:
金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科 環境科学<br />Editor : Tazaki, Kazue |田崎, 和江
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| 38.
論文 |
論文
|
Wakimoto, Rie ; Tazaki, Kazue ; Aoki, Kazuhiro
概要:
金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科 環境科学<br />Editor : Tazaki, Kazue |田崎, 和江
|
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| 39.
論文 |
論文
|
Wakimoto, Rie ; Tazaki, Kazue
概要:
金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科 環境科学<br />Editor : Tazaki, Kazue |田崎, 和江
|
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| 40.
論文 |
論文
|
Shiraki, Koichi ; Kawamura, Katsuyuki ; Tazaki, Kazue
概要:
金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科 環境科学<br />Editor : Tazaki, Kazue |田崎, 和江<br />Ⅴ. Application and other cases
|
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| 41.
論文 |
論文
|
Tazaki, Kazue
概要:
金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科<br />Scedule:17-18 March 2003, Vemue: Kanazawa, Japan, Kanazawa Citymonde Hotel, Project Leader : Hayakawa, Kazuichi, Symposium Secretariat: XO kamata, Naoto, Edited by:Kamata, Naoto"
|
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| 42.
論文 |
論文
|
Islam, ABM Rafiqul ; Tazaki, Kazue
概要:
金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科<br />Scedule:17-18 March 2003, Vemue: Kanazawa, Japan, Kanazawa Citymonde Hotel, Project Leader : Hayakawa, Kazuichi, Symposium Secretariat: XO kamata, Naoto, Edited by:Kamata, Naoto"
|
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| 43.
論文 |
論文
|
Okrugin, Viktor M ; Tazaki, Kazue ; Bel'kova, Natalia L.
概要:
Institute of Volcanology, FEB RAS<br />金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科<br />Scedule:17-18 March 2003, Vemue: Kanazawa, Japan, Kanazawa Ci
…
tymonde Hotel, Project Leader : Hayakawa, Kazuichi, Symposium Secretariat: XO kamata, Naoto, Edited by:Kamata, Naoto"
続きを見る
|
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| 44.
論文 |
論文
|
Aoki, Kazuhiro ; Kunimura, Takanori ; Hirota, Yoshio ; Tazaki, Kazue
概要:
Horonobe Underground Research Center of Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute<br />Dowa Engineering<br />金沢大学大学院自然科学
…
研究科<br />Scedule:17-18 March 2003, Vemue: Kanazawa, Japan, Kanazawa Citymonde Hotel, Project Leader : Hayakawa, Kazuichi, Symposium Secretariat: XO kamata, Naoto, Edited by:Kamata, Naoto"
続きを見る
|
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| 45.
論文 |
論文
|
Sampei, Yoshikazu ; Tazaki, Kazue
概要:
島根大学<br />金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科<br />Scedule:17-18 March 2003, Vemue: Kanazawa, Japan, Kanazawa Citymonde Hotel, Project Leader
…
: Hayakawa, Kazuichi, Symposium Secretariat: XO kamata, Naoto, Edited by:Kamata, Naoto"
続きを見る
|
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| 46.
論文 |
論文
|
Mitsuno, Masumi ; Tazaki, Kazue ; Fyfe, William S. ; Daisheng, Sun ; Suganuma, Hirotoshi
概要:
大聖寺高校<br />金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科<br />The University Western Ontario<br />千葉大学<br />Abiko Research Laboratory<br />Scedule:17-1
…
8 March 2003, Vemue: Kanazawa, Japan, Kanazawa Citymonde Hotel, Project Leader : Hayakawa, Kazuichi, Symposium Secretariat: XO kamata, Naoto, Edited by:Kamata, Naoto"
続きを見る
|
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| 47.
論文 |
論文
|
Wakimoto, Rie ; Tazaki, Kazue
概要:
金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科<br />Scedule:17-18 March 2003, Vemue: Kanazawa, Japan, Kanazawa Citymonde Hotel, Project Leader : Hayakawa, Kazuichi, Symposium Secretariat: XO kamata, Naoto, Edited by:Kamata, Naoto"
|
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| 48.
論文 |
論文
|
Chaerun, S. Khodijah ; Tazaki, Kazue ; Asada, Ryuji
概要:
金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科<br />Scedule:17-18 March 2003, Vemue: Kanazawa, Japan, Kanazawa Citymonde Hotel, Project Leader : Hayakawa, Kazuichi, Symposium Secretariat: XO kamata, Naoto, Edited by:Kamata, Naoto"
|
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| 49.
論文 |
論文
|
Asada, Ryuji ; Tazaki, Kazue ; Kimura, Hiroyuki ; Masta, Andrew ; Barriga, Fernando J.A.S.
概要:
金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科<br />広島大学<br />University of Papua New Guinea<br />Scedule:17-18 March 2003, Vemue: Kanazawa, Japan, Kana
…
zawa Citymonde Hotel, Project Leader : Hayakawa, Kazuichi, Symposium Secretariat: XO kamata, Naoto, Edited by:Kamata, Naoto"
続きを見る
|
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| 50.
論文 |
論文
|
Sato, Kazuhiro ; Tazaki, Kazue
概要:
金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科<br />Scedule:17-18 March 2003, Vemue: Kanazawa, Japan, Kanazawa Citymonde Hotel, Project Leader : Hayakawa, Kazuichi, Symposium Secretariat: XO kamata, Naoto, Edited by:Kamata, Naoto"
|
