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Nishijima, Yoshinori ; 西嶋, 義憲
出版情報: Intercultural communication studies : ICS.  27  pp.115-132,  2018.  Institute for Cross-Cultural Research
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061316
概要: 金沢大学人間社会研究域経済学経営学系<br />Persons or objects on signs seem to have a culturally preferred direction of facing (Kumakura, 1 990). Is such a difference in direction also true of pictures on traffic signs between Japan and Germany? People in Japan and Germany drive on the left and the right side of the road, respectively. In this respect, a question arises: Does the difference between left-hand and right-hand traffic in these two countries influence the way the pictures on traffic signs face? The aim of this study is threefold: 1) to collect functionally equivalent traffic signs in Japan and Germany; 2) to compare the pictures on the signs between these countries with respect to their facing directions; and 3) to try to clarify whether and to what extent differences in facing directions are found on the traffic signs. The results are expected to contribute to the study of the relationship between writing directions and facing directions of pictures. 続きを見る
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論文
Nishijima, Yoshinori ; 西嶋, 義憲
出版情報: Intercultural communication studies : ICS.  28  pp.152-169,  2019.  Institute for Cross-Cultural Research
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061317
概要: 金沢大学人間社会研究域経済学経営学系<br />This study focuses on functionally equivalent, but semantically different sign expressions in Ja panese and German, such as o-nori-no-sai-wa tesuri-ni o-tsukamarikudasai [Literally, “when steping on, please grip handrail”], kiiroi-sen-no uchigawani o-tachi-kudasai [please stand inside yellow line], oriru sai-wa o-oashimoto-ni gochūi-kudasai [“when getting off, please pay attention to under foot”], and o-ko-sama tsure-no kata-wa o-ko-sama-no te-o totte o-nori-kudasai [“person with child is asked to ride on taking child’s hand”] in Japanese versus its German counterpart Benutzung auf eigene Gefahr [“using at your own risk”], which are posted near escalators. This example tells us that the Japanese sign consists of four concrete sentences whereas the German one presents a simple and abstract sentence. Such correspondents cannot be adequately explained from only construal and politeness perspectives. In this study, such corresponding expressions in Japanese and German will be contrasted to find out what information is relevant to each society. The results will reveal what communicative behaviors are expected in corresponding situations between Japan and Germany, which can contribute to efficient intercultural communication. 続きを見る
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論文
Nishijima, Yoshinori ; 西嶋, 義憲
出版情報: Intercultural communication studies : ICS.  25  pp.156-167,  2016.  Institute for Cross-Cultural Research
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061318
概要: 金沢大学人間社会研究域経済学経営学系<br />By comparing some functionally equivalent routine formulas in Japaneseand German in correspondin g situations, it is hypothesized that different strategies arereflected in formulation patterns of routine formulas in both languages. For example,different expressions are used by parents in Japanese and German if their childbumps into a post. The two expressions are often used in corresponding situations inboth Japan and Germany and can therefore be regarded as functionally equivalent,although the used strategies differ, i.e., the Japanese expression is based on sharing thedangerous situation between the parent and the child, whereas the German one focuseson providing an appropriate direction to the child. Comparing such functionallyequivalent routine formulas suggests that they reflect different strategies, includingpoliteness, in corresponding situations. This study tested this hypothesis by comparingfunctionally equivalent routine formulas uttered in corresponding apologetic situationsin the socialization process of controlling children’s social behavior in Japan andGermany. The results confirm the hypothesis and suggest that the difference in strategy influences the communicative behaviors of Japanese and German speakers. Concerning politeness, the results reveal the aspects considered polite in corresponding routineformulas of the two languages. Furthermore, the communicative normality of each language is also reflected in its respective routine formulas and focus of attention in interactions. This information may be applied toward more efficient foreign language teaching. 続きを見る
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論文
Nishijima, Yoshinori ; 西嶋, 義憲
出版情報: Intercultural communication studies : ICS.  23  pp.110-123,  2014.  Institute for Cross-Cultural Research
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061319
概要: 金沢大学人間社会研究域経済学経営学系<br />The aim of this paper is twofold: (1) to compare functionally equivalent English, German, and Ja panese sign expressions in public spaces with respect to politeness and (2) to reveal whether and how politeness is formulated in sign expressions in each language in relation to explicitness. A total of 208 Japanese and 198 German sign expressions were collected through fieldwork. Among them, 35 functionally equivalent correspondence pairs between the two languages were confirmed, and they were compared, along with their English equivalents, with respect to politeness. The results showed that English signs tend to use explicit expressions, whereas Japanese signs frequently contain honorific items, and German signs use infinitive phrases to avoid mentioning personal relationships. Based on these findings, it is pointed out that each language has its preferred styles of politeness, even for sign expressions, which are expected to give relevant information or instructions to passengers in a clear, direct manner. 続きを見る
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論文
Nishijima, Yoshinori ; 西嶋, 義憲
出版情報: Intercultural communication studies : ICS.  22  pp.110-123,  2013.  Institute for Cross-Cultural Research
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061320
概要: 金沢大学人間社会研究域経済学経営学系<br />Interest in the linguistic study of perspectives from which linguistic expressions are formulate d has been revived in the past 20 years, due to the recent development of cognitive linguistics. Among the many contributions to the study of such perspectives, Ikegami (2000) clearly showed that Japanese differs from English, through a comparison of a Japanese literary text with its English translation. However, there has been little discussion on the methods employed for comparison in the studies on this topic. The purpose of the present paper is threefold: (1) to describe what methodological problems are recognized in previous contrastive studies on the perspectives, especially in the field of cognitive linguistics; (2) in order to avoid methodological problems, to propose an alternative method for a more objective comparison of the perspectives between two languages; and (3) to demonstrate the validity of the proposed method for contrasting formulation patterns in terms of their perspective by some of the data obtained. 続きを見る
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論文
Nishijima, Yoshinori ; 西嶋, 義憲
出版情報: Intercultural communication studies : ICS.  19  pp.55-63,  2010.  Institute for Cross-Cultural Research
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061321
概要: 金沢大学人間社会研究域経済学経営学系<br />The present paper discusses the different perspectives from which Japanese and German speakers f ormulate utterances. It was hypothesized that these different perspectives are reflected not only in evaluating concepts of communicative behavior, but also in routine formulas for controlling communicative behavior in Japanese and German. This hypothesis was examined by comparing two pairs of functionally equivalent routine formulas in Japanese and German. Furthermore, a questionnaire was administered to compare other Japanese and German routine formulas possibly used in corresponding situations. The results confirmed that in Japanese, linguistic formulation patterns relate to the empathy felt by the speaker toward an interlocutor, arising from the perspective of their situation, whereas in German, these tend to depend on an opposition between the participants involved, characterized by a perspective external to their situation. Because the data employed in the present study are limited, the hypothesis should be verified using extensive data. The results of this study helps clarify the possible misunderstandings between Japanese and German speakers, owing to the different linguistic formulation patterns employed, and could promote more efficient foreign language teaching. 続きを見る
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論文
Nishijima, Yoshinori ; 西嶋, 義憲
出版情報: 19 ICL (19th International Congress of Linguists) Papers.  19  pp.9p.-,  2013-07.  19th International Congress of Linguists (19 ICL)
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061322
概要: 金沢大学人間社会研究域経済学経営学系<br />Research on the perspectives from which linguistic expressions are formulated has increased in t he past 20 years due to the development of cognitive linguistics. For example, Ikegami (2000) showed that Japanese and English speakers employ different perspectives by comparing the opening sentence of a Japanese literary text with its English translation. Similarly, Narita (2009) compared sentences from literary texts with their translations in Japanese and German. However, these studies analyzing literary text translations contain little discussion on the validity of the translation-based comparison method, particularly in terms of comparability and objectivity. This paper has three purposes: (1) to claim that the original and translation-based methods are not always appropriate for perspective studies; (2) to propose, as an alternative method, comparing functionally equivalent formulas used on public signs, i.e., Watch your step, Keep out, and Out of Service; and (3) to show how Japanese differs from German in the perspectives from which corresponding expressions in the two languages are formulated. Expressions were collected from signs on buses, trains, and railway stations in Japan and Germany. Examples include Haire-masen/Kein Eingang (‘No entrance’), Senro-ni orite-wa ike-masen/Ausstieg verboten (‘Do not go down to the railway track’), and ishitsubutsu-gakari/Fundbüro (‘Lost and found’). Functionally equivalent expressions were selected for the analysis. For example, a formula telling bus passengers that the bus will stop at the next station is Tsugi tomari-masu (next.TOP stop.HON) in Japanese and Wagen hält (vehicle.NOM stop.PRES) in German. These corresponding expressions can be compared syntactically and semantically. The former has no surface-level subject; it conveys that “I” and “we” or the bus will stop at the next station. The scene is described from the perspective inside the situation, i.e., from within the bus. The latter has a third-person subject, Wagen, signifying that the bus is observed from the perspective outside the situation. These different perspectives and their occurrence distributions are shown through the comparison of corresponding sign expressions. The analysis reveals that Japanese tends to formulate expressions from a perspective inside the scene where the event occurs, whereas German expresses sentences from the perspective outside the scene.<br />19th International Congress of Linguists(19 ICL), 21-27 July 2013 Geneva 続きを見る
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柴田, 正良 ; Shibata, Masayoshi
出版情報: PHILOSOPHY OF HUMAN-TECHNOLOGY RELATIONS @ DESIGNLAB, UNIVERSITY OF TWENTE THE NETHERLANDS | NOVEMBER 4-7TH, 2020.  2020-11-06. 
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061475
概要: PHILOSOPHY OF HUMAN-TECHNOLOGY RELATIONS @ DESIGNLAB, UNIVERSITY OF TWENTE THE NETHERLANDS | NOVEMBER 4-7TH, 2020 (online) における発表論文
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CHEN, Siya ; 陳, 斯雅
出版情報: 人間社会環境研究 = Human and socio-environmental studies.  pp.1-17,  2021-03-31.  金沢大学大学院人間社会環境研究科 — Graduate School of Human and Socio-Enviromental Studies Kanazawa University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061477
概要: This thesis examines the circumstances of lead-glazed pottery unearthed from the Capitals of Tang Luoyang. On the one ha nd, I attempt to deepen the understanding of lead-glazed pottery (both single- and multi-color) unearthed from residential sites of the Middle and Later Tang, which emerged when the practice of placing glazed figures in tombs began to decline after the Flourishing Tang. On the other hand, I develop a model that has been used to classify production systems by incorporating several lines of evidence. First, by analyzing the shape, decoration, and technique, I summarized the individual character and overall circumstance of the lead-glazed ware regarding each of the aforementioned aspects. I suggest that the wares unearthed from Tang Luoyang are dated primarily from the Middle to the Later Tang, while only a small part is dated to the Flourishing Tang. In the Middle Tang, the dominant types are what have been represented as complicated decorations produced by the Huangye kiln. Moreover, in the Later Tang, the typical wares were the single-glazed and less-decorated types, belonging to Phase IV of the Huangye kiln. Second, in accordance with the context in which they were unearthed, the circumstances of usage in the Capitals of Tang Luoyang are also investigated. This indicates that the lead-glazed pottery had a significant function as storage vessels and eating utensils at these sites. Additionally, the wares unearthed from various sites differ greatly from one another in terms of shape, decoration, and production kilns used. Finally, from the viewpoint of their shape, decoration, and unearthed context, I discuss the usage idea in this new stage and conclude that lead-glazed pottery became divorced from its original design concept and was increasingly merged into the daily life of the aristocracy in the Later Tang. 続きを見る
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Adellia, Paramithasari Barnas ; アデリア, パラミタサリ バルナス
出版情報: 人間社会環境研究 = Human and socio-environmental studies.  pp.19-32,  2021-03-31.  金沢大学大学院人間社会環境研究科 — Graduate School of Human and Socio-Enviromental Studies Kanazawa University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061478
概要: Hindu Balinese’s religion is a unique form of Hinduism, characterized by many rituals. Their daily and ceremonial ritual s correspond to each specific offering arranged neatly and decorated in various shapes; one of which is penjor. Penjor is a necessity in each Galungan day, and for many Balinese, making penjor is an essential ceremonial activity through which they practice and embody who they are and what they believe. As people’s attitude changes over the years, due to the development that has influenced people’s mobility, the form of making penjor has also changed. What was a twice-yearly activity has evolved into a source of income for Balinese women. Nowadays, the Balinese tend to buy penjors rather than weave them themselves. This situation has resulted in the emergence of new virtues in the trading of penjor, which leads to a new form of market that brings the new system and strategies for women who utilize these opportunities. The emergence of a new market and the shift surrounding penjor production activity offers a comprehensive approach to shed light on the intricate workings of the current penjor-making industry and unpack its evolving cultural, economic, and psychological significance, particularly for Balinese women. 続きを見る
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Mukaida, Naofumi ; Nakamoto, Yasunari ; 向田, 直史 ; 中本, 安成
出版情報: World Journal of Gastroenterology.  24  pp.1839-1858,  2018-05-07.  W J G Press / Baishideng Publishing Group Co
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061539
概要: 金沢大学がん進展制御研究所<br />Tumor immunity proceeds through multiple processes, which consist of antigen presentation by antigen presenting cells (APCs) to educate effector cells and destruction by the effector cytotoxic cells. However, tumor immunity is frequently repressed at tumor sites. Malignantly transformed cells rarely survive the attack by the immune system, but cells that do survive change their phenotypes to reduce their immunogenicity. The resultant cells evade the attack by the immune system and form clinically discernible tumors. Tumor microenvironments simultaneously contain a wide variety of immune suppressive molecules and cells to dampen tumor immunity. Moreover, the liver microenvironment exhibits immune tolerance to reduce aberrant immune responses to massively-exposed antigens via the portal vein, and immune dysfunction is frequently associated with liver cirrhosis, which is widespread in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Immune therapy aims to reduce tumor burden, but it is also expected to prevent non-cancerous liver lesions from progressing to HCC, because HCC develops or recurs from noncancerous liver lesions with chronic inflammatory states and/or cirrhosis and these lesions cannot be cured and/or eradicated by local and/or systemic therapies. Nevertheless, cancer immune therapy should augment specific tumor immunity by using two distinct measures: enhancing the effector cell functions such as antigen presentation capacity of APCs and tumor cell killing capacity of cytotoxic cells, and reactivating the immune system in immune-suppressive tumor microenvironments. Here, we will summarize the current status and discuss the future perspective on immune therapy for HCC. © The Author(s) 2018.<br />Supported by (in part) Research Programs on the Innovative Development and Application for New Drugs for Hepatitis B (No. 17fk0310116h0001) from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) and Extramural Collaborative Research Grant of Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University. 続きを見る
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論文
HAMMOND, Mark ; ハモンド, マーク
出版情報: 言語文化論叢 = Studies of Language and Culture.  25  pp.1-21,  2021-03-30.  金沢大学国際基幹教育院外国語教育系 — Faculty of foreign language studies institute of liberal arts and sciences Kanazawa University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061561
概要: This paper reports on a pilot study that focuses on developing an approach toanalyzing spoken texts produced when people give instructions for procedural tasks.Specifically, the study compares procedural monologues of three native speakers ofEnglish to those of three Japanese university students currently studying English as aforeign language. The paper’s primary purpose is to identify salient patterns of languageuse in order to provide a point of departure for future investigations with a larger numberof participants. Towards this goal, a mixed methodology is employed as communicativefunctions are qualitatively categorized and quantitative data of form frequency isextracted via corpus-based tools. A secondary purpose is to determine the viability ofusing the teleconference platform Zoom as an alternative to in-person observation whencollecting data. Additionally, the paper offers preliminary findings that suggest adifference in communicative function and grammatical form found in each group ofparticipants, as well as discussion of how future research efforts may proceed.<br />本論文では、手続き的作業の指示を与える際に生成される音声テキストを解析する手法の開発に焦点を当てたパイロット研究について報告した。具体的には、3 人の英語母語話者と、外国語として英語を学んでいる3 人の日本人学生の手続き的独話を比較した。本論文の主な目的は、より多くの参加者を対象とした将来の研究の出発点を提供するために、言語使用の顕著なパターンを特定することである。この目標に向けて、伝達機能を定性的に分類し、形態頻度の定量的データをコーパスベースのツールを介して抽出する複合的な方法論を採用した。第2 の目的は、データを収集する際に、対面での観察に代わるものとしてテレビ会議プラットフォームのZoom を使用することの可能性を見極めることである。加えて、本論文は、参加者の各グループで見出されたコミュニケーション機能と文法形式の違いを示唆する予備的知見を提供し、今後の研究がどのように進むかについても論じる。 続きを見る
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論文
KUDO, Yoshinobu ; 工藤, 義信
出版情報: 言語文化論叢 = Studies of Language and Culture.  25  pp.101-114,  2021-03-30.  金沢大学国際基幹教育院外国語教育系 — Faculty of foreign language studies institute of liberal arts and sciences Kanazawa University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061565
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論文
Fujisawa, Mieko ; Takemura, Kazuhisa ; Funaki, Yukihiko ; Udo, Nobuyuki ; Takahashi, Ryo ; 藤澤, 美恵子
出版情報: International Real Estate Review.  23  pp.733-762,  2020.  Asian Real Estate Society
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061575
概要: 金沢大学人間社会研究域経済学経営学系<br />Many countries have implemented an energy labeling system that displays the energy savings perfo rmance of buildings. However, previous studies have reported mixed findings on the effectiveness of this system.This study is undertaken in Japan to assess whether energy labels are effective and validate the significance of the label design. We use an online survey to determine the effects of energy labels on target consumers. We choose two energy label designs: one with a stairs rating form design and the second with a rating scale of the energy efficiency. Adopting a within-subjects method, each respondent is shown both designs and asked to evaluate the energy-saving level based on the labels. Cross-tabulation confirms the positive effects of labeling on energy-savings levels, which are amplified by increasing the level of the reference point. The highest insulation performance level in Japan complies with a law enacted back in 1993; the results show that greater effects can be realized by increasing the level of the reference point.A logistic regression analysis shows that energy labels with the stairs rating have a negative influence, while labels with a rating scale are preferred based on ease of understanding by the respondents. This suggests that energy labels that offer a rating scale can contribute to facilitating energy savings, although there are problems with the comprehension of the gradation colors which need to be further examined. These results can act as a guideline towards optimal designs of the upcoming task of modifying the energy labeling system in Japan.<br />許可を得て登録 2021-04-09 続きを見る
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論文
Beitner, H. ; Nakatani, Toshio ; 中谷, 壽男
出版情報: Acta dermato-venereologica.  70  pp.411-416,  1990.  Society for Publication of Acta Dermato-Venereologica / Almqvist & Wiksells
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061581
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論文
Beitner, H. ; Nakatani, Toshio ; Hammar, H. ; 中谷, 壽男
出版情報: Acta dermato-venereologica.  71  pp.360-363,  1991.  Society for Publication of Acta Dermato-Venereologica / Almqvist & Wiksells
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061582
概要: A case of Crohn's disease complicated by Sweet's syndrome is presented. The main ultrastructural findings were the multiplication of basal lamina surrounding the venulea, interendothelial gaps and in perivascular locations mixed infiltrates of neutrophiles and erythrocytes. The changes indicate that the initial site of the reaction was the walls of the dermal vessels. 続きを見る
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論文
Hedblad, M. A. ; Nakatani, Toshio ; Beitner, H. ; 中谷, 壽男
出版情報: Acta dermato-venereologica.  71  pp.108-112,  1991.  Society for Publication of Acta Dermato-Venereologica / Almqvist & Wiksells
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061583
概要: A male patient with clinically and histopathologically verified Darier's disease and a history of deterioration after sun exposure was irradiated on uninvolved skin with 25, 50 and 75 J/cm2 of UVA once a week for five weeks. He also received 3 and 5 times his individually established MED of UVB. Since no signs of keratosis follicularis were detected one week after the last irradiation, he was then exposed to 10 times his MED with UVB, whereupon clinically characteristic lesions of keratosis follicularis developed. One week after this exposure, biopsies were taken from the UV-induced lesions and processed for light and transmission electron microscopic investigation. Light microscopy revealed suprabasal lacunae, corps ronds and grains. In the electron microscope, gaps in the basal lamina beneath the suprabasal lacunae were also observed, through which cytoplasmic processes of lymphocyte- and fibroblast-like cells and basal keratinocytes protruded. Parts of keratinocytes with disruptive cell membranes were localized in the gaps of the basal lamina. Also, multiplication of the basal lamina was frequent. 続きを見る
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Ohtani, Yuko ; Ohtani, Osamu ; Nakatani, Toshio ; 大谷, 修 ; 中谷, 壽男
出版情報: Archives of histology and cytology.  56  pp.317-328,  1993.  日本組織学記録会
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061585
概要: 金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系<br />The present study demonstrated the threedimensional microstructure of the rat diaphragm by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of either intact or alkali-treated tissues, enzyme-histochemistry, and confocal laser scanning microscopy (LSM). The peritoneal and pleural surfaces of the diaphragm were covered with mesothelial cells studded with microvilli. Many round gaps were formed between the mesothelial cells. The submesothelial connective tissue contained voluminous, irregularly shaped lymphatics. Some of these lymphatics extended many funnel-like projections of their endothelia towards the pored region of the mesothelium. On coming into contact with the mesothelium, many of the lymphatic projections were perforated at their ends, thus giving rise to stomata connecting the peritoneal cavity and lymphatic lumen. Some projections ended blindly while plugging the mesothelial pores, thereby making visible some intercellular gaps in this contact. The subperitoneal sheet of the collagen fiber network possessed clusters of foramina which tightly fit the passage of the lymphatic projections. Confocal LSM of the diaphragm after intraperitoneal injection of FITC-dextran demonstrated the tracer both in the lymphatic lumina and in the connective tissue spaces. Our results indicate that peritoneal fluid is allowed to flow into the connective tissue spaces of the diaphragm through intercellular gaps and into lymphatics through stomata. 続きを見る
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Haryanto ; Mukai, Kanae ; Nakajima, Yukari ; Okuwa, Mayumi ; Cau, Kim Jiu ; Sugama, Junko ; Nakatani, Toshio ; 向井, 加奈恵 ; 中島, 由加里 ; 大桑, 麻由美 ; 須釜, 淳子 ; 中谷, 壽男
出版情報: Journal of Health Technology Assessment in Midwifery.  2  pp.80-88,  2019-10-01.  Universitas 'Aisyiyah (UNISA) Yogyakarta
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061586
概要: 金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系<br />The purpose of this study is to evaluate and clarify the effect of Indonesian honey, two types of J apanese honey and hydrocolloid dressing on wound healing process. Four groups of male mice were treated to produce two circular full-thickness skin wounds on the dorsum. They were then randomly allocated to receive daily Indonesian honey, Japanese honey (Buckwheat and Acacia honey) or hydrocolloid dressing as a control for treatment application. Macroscopic findings were observed from day 0 to 14 after wounding. Microscopic evaluation was assessed using qualitative analysis. The ratios of wound areas for honey groups on day 3 and 7 were smaller than those of the control group. Wound areas of honey groups gradually decreased to almost the same wound area as the control group on day 14, while the wound area of the control group peaked on day 5 and rapidly decreased until day 14. Microscopic finding that Indonesian honey was different with Japanese honey especially Buckwheat honey. 続きを見る
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Mukai, Kanae ; Komatsu, Emi ; Nakajima, Yukari ; Urai, Tamae ; Nasruddin ; Sugama, Junko ; Nakatani, Toshio ; 向井, 加奈恵 ; 中島, 由加里 ; 須釜, 淳子 ; 中谷, 壽男
出版情報: Journal of Hormones.  2014  pp.1-8,  2014-12-07.  Hindawi
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061588
概要: 金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系<br />Cutaneous wound healing is delayed by protein malnutrition (PM). On the other hand, estrogen promot es cutaneous wound healing by its anti-inflammatory and cell proliferation effects. Therefore, we hypothesized that estrogen administration in protein-malnourished ovariectomized (OVX) female mice might improve the inflammatory response and promote cutaneous wound healing as well as normal nutrition. To test this hypothesis, we used full-thickness excisional wounds in Control SHAM, PM SHAM, PM OVX and PM OVX+17β-estradiol mice. The Control diet included 200 g/kg protein and the PM diet included 30 g/kg protein. The ratio of wound area in the Control SHAM group was significantly smaller than those in the three PM groups. In addition, microscopic findings also showed that the ratio of collagen fibers, the ratio of myofibroblasts and the number of new blood vessels in the Control SHAM group were significantly greater than those in the three PM groups. However, the number of Ym1-positive cells as an anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophage marker in the PM OVX+17β-estradiol group was significantly higher than those in the other three groups. These results indicate that the appearance of anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophages was promoted by estrogen administration; however, it could not promote cutaneous wound healing upon a low-protein diet. Therefore, it may be confirmed that nutrition is more important for promoting cutaneous wound healing than estrogen administration. 続きを見る
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Nakatani, Toshio ; Beitner, Harry ; 中谷, 壽男
出版情報: Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica.  69  pp.109-114,  1992-08-20.  オカジマ・フォリア・アナトミカ・ヤポニカ編集部
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061589
概要: 金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系<br />Melanosomes in sporadic dysplastic nevi were examined by transmission electron microscope. In parti cular the structure of macromelansomes was observed. Macromelanosomes were present in both nevus cells and keratinocytes. They were round and consisted of a core structure and a cortex structure. The core was composed of electron-dense amorphous material and electron-lucent microvesicles. The cortex contained grains of different sizes and electron densities. Occasionally small melanosomes were observed in the cortex. Electron-lucent microvesicles were also present in small spherical and ellipsoid melanosomes. Melanosome complexes observed in nevus cells contained degrading melanosomes with electronlucent microvesicles, dispersed microvesicles and grains. Melanosome complexes with structures resembling those found in macromelanosomes were also present. The result of the investigation suggests that melanosome complexes found in nevus cells might become macromelanosomes through autophagy. 続きを見る
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Shinohara, Harumichi ; Morisawa, Satoshi ; Nakatani, Toshio ; Ohtani, Osamu ; 中谷, 壽男
出版情報: Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica.  68  pp.215-218,  1991.  オカジマ・フォリア・アナトミカ・ヤポニカ編集部
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061590
概要: 金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系<br />The auricular length, auricular base length and auricular width were measured in 94 human fetuses w ith crownrump (CR) lengths ranging from 49 mm (approximately 11 weeks of gestational age) to 250 mm (approximately 31 weeks of gestational age). The three measurement values showed linear increases as the CR length increased, suggesting that they are useful parameters to indicate intrauterine growth. The measurement values also suggested that the mandibular and hyoid derivatives did not grow independently, but did grow with maintaining a certain relationship. 続きを見る
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Matsuda, Takeshi ; Fukuo, Yoshifumi ; Shinohara, Harumichi ; Morisawa, Satoshi ; Nakatani, Toshio ; 中谷, 壽男
出版情報: Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica.  67  pp.115-120,  1990-08-20.  オカジマ・フォリア・アナトミカ・ヤポニカ編集部
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061591
概要: 金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系<br />The mouse pericardium is a continuous serous membrane, up to postnatal day 6 (P6), that consists of pericardial and pleural mesothelia with sparse connective tissue sandwiched in between. This study shows that on P7 the pericardium becomes fenestrated, and the pericardial and pleural cavities become continuous. We found that the number of pores per pericardium increased continuously with the advance of age and reached as many as 3000 on P21. Transmission electron microscopy of the pericardium revealed various structures of the pericardial and pleural mesothelia that may relate to the formation of the pericardial pores. The pericardial and pleural mesothelia were adjoined with cytoplasmic processes that extended toward the base of the opposing mesothelium. As a result of the adjoinment, a pair of U-shaped folds were formed. The two U-shaped folds were connected with tight junctions at their apices, and separation of these junctions may give rise to the pericardial pores. 続きを見る
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Nakatani, Toshio ; Beitner, Harry ; 中谷, 壽男
出版情報: Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica.  72  pp.59-68,  1995-08-21.  オカジマ・フォリア・アナトミカ・ヤポニカ編集部
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061592
概要: 金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系<br />Seven female human subjects were irradiated with 4 Gy of grenz rays and 30 J/cm2 of long-wave ultra violet (UVA) radiation once a week for three weeks.6/7 subjects when irradiated on the back developed a clearly visible pigmentation due to both grenz-ray and UVA pigmentation. The effect on epidermal melanocytes was observed with transmission electron microscopy. Ultrastructural changes in melanocytes following both grenz-ray and UVA irradiation were an increase in the number of premature and mature melanosomes, elongation and protrusion of cytoplasm, sometimes indented nuclei, and the development of multilamella of basal lamina. Compared with UVA-irradiated skin, in the same individuals the melanocytes seemed somewhat more hypertrophic after grenz-ray irradiation. In general the observed qualitative ultrastructural differences between UVA- and grenz-ray-irradiated melanocytes were limited, indicating that the influence of grenz-rays is similar to that of UVA. 続きを見る
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Mukai, Kanae ; Komatsu, Emi ; Nakajima, Yukari ; Urai, Tamae ; Nasruddin ; Sugama, Junko ; Nakatani, Toshio ; 向井, 加奈恵 ; 中島, 由加里 ; 浦井, 珠恵 ; 須釜, 淳子 ; 中谷, 壽男
出版情報: PLoS ONE.  11  pp.0225880-,  2019-11-27.  Public Library of Science
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061593
概要: 金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系<br />Topical estrogen application to wounds is effective in promoting cutaneous wound healing. However, whether it promotes cutaneous wound healing in delayed cutaneous wound healing associated with advanced age remains to be elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of topical estrogen application to wounds in cutaneous wound healing in 80-week-old female mice. C57BL/6J female mice aged 82–85 and 12 weeks old were submitted to two full-thickness wounds. Mice were divided into four groups: aged group, topical estrogen wound treatment aged group (aged-E), vehicle wound treatment aged group (aged-vehicle), and young group. Wound healing was observed until day 14. In the aged group, wound area ratio (wound area / initial wound area) was significantly higher on days 3–14, ratio of re-epithelialization was significantly lower on day 3 and tended to be lower on day 14, and neutrophil number was significantly higher on day 7 compared with the young group. In contrast, in the aged-E group, wound area ratio was significantly smaller on days 1–14, re-epithelialization ratio was significantly higher on days 3–14, and neutrophil and macrophage number was significantly lower on days 3 and 7 compared with the aged group. These results demonstrate that topical estrogen application to wounds in 80-week-old female mice promoted cutaneous wound healing by reducing wound area and inflammatory response and promoting re-epithelialization. 続きを見る
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Asano, Kimi ; Nakajima, Yukari ; Mukai, Kanae ; Urai, Tamae ; Okuwa, Mayumi ; Sugama, Junko ; Konya, Chizuko ; Nakatani, Toshio ; 浅野, きみ ; 中島, 由加里 ; 向井, 加奈恵 ; 浦井, 珠恵 ; 大桑, 麻由美 ; 須釜, 淳子 ; 紺家, 千津子 ; 中谷, 壽男
出版情報: PLoS ONE.  15  pp.0227814-,  2020-01-15.  Public Library of Science
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061594
概要: 金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系<br />Background Previously, we showed that lymphatic vessels (LVs) formed detours after lymphatic obstru ction, contributing to preventing lymphedema. In this study, we developed detours using lymphatic ligation in mice and we identified the detours histologically. Methods and results Under anesthesia, both hindlimbs in mice were subcutaneously injected with Evans blue dye to detect LVs. We tied the right collecting LV on the abdomen that passes through the inguinal lymph node (LN) at two points. The right and left sides comprised the operation and sham operation sides, respectively. Lymphography was performed to investigate the lymph flow after lymphatic ligation until day 30, using a near-infrared fluorescence imaging system. Anti-podoplanin antibody and 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine (EdU) were used to detect LVs and lymphangiogenesis. Within 30 days, detours had developed in 62.5% of the mice. Detours observed between two ligation sites were enlarged and irregular in shape. Podoplanin+ LVs, which were located in the subcutaneous tissue of the upper panniculus carnosus muscle, connected to collecting LVs at the upper portion from the cranial ligation site and at the lower portion from the caudal ligation site. EdU+ cells were not observed in these detours. The sham operation side showed normal lymph flow and did not show enlarged pre-collecting LVs until day 30. Conclusions Detours after lymphatic ligation were formed not by lymphangiogenesis but through an enlargement of pre-collecting LVs that functioned as collecting LVs after lymphatic ligation. Further studies are required to explore the developmental mechanism of the lymphatic detour for treatment and effective care of lymphedema in humans. © 2020 Asano et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 続きを見る
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Nishikawa, Yuichi ; Takahashi, Tetsuya ; Kawade , Shuhei ; Maeda , Noriaki ; Maruyama, Hirofumi ; 西川, 裕一 ; 高橋, 哲也
出版情報: Brain Science.  11  pp.399-,  2021-03-07.  MDPI
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061597
概要: 金沢大学理工研究域フロンティア工学系<br />Background: Electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) is effective for increasing physical function. H owever, there is no evidence regarding the effects of EMS on muscle mass and physical function in older adults with dementia. The aim of the present study was to quantify the effects of EMS on muscle mass and balance in older adults with dementia. Methods: A total of 32 participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n = 16, age = 89.4 ± 4.8 years) and a control group (n = 16, age = 88.1 ± 5.2 years). Participants in the intervention group underwent a general rehabilitation program (20 min for three days/week) and an EMS intervention (23 min for three days/week) for 23 weeks. Participants in the control group underwent general rehabilitation only. The efficacy of EMS was evaluated by lower limb muscle mass, the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and the functional independence measure (FIM). Results: Muscle mass was significantly increased in the intervention group after 12 weeks (p = 0.008), but average muscle mass in the control group did not change (p = 0.18). Participants in the control group showed a significant decrease in BBS after 12 weeks (p = 0.007), unlike those in the intervention group. Furthermore, there was a strong correlation between the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) results and the change in muscle mass, the BBS, and the FIM in the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: These findings suggest that EMS is a useful intervention for increasing muscle mass and maintaining balance function in older adults with dementia.<br />CC BY 4.0 続きを見る
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Michiue, Kana ; Nishikawa, Yuichi ; 西川, 裕一
出版情報: SAGE Open Medical Case Reports.  8  pp.1-4,  2020-10-17.  SAGE Publications
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061598
概要: 金沢大学理工研究域フロンティア工学系<br />The aim of this study was to examine the effect of electrical muscle stimulation on muscle atrop hy caused by neuromyelitis optica. Two neuromyelitis optica patients with flaccid paralysis participated. The participants underwent a general rehabilitation program (transfer, balance, and gait training) and electrical muscle stimulation on the quadriceps femoris muscle of their paralyzed side. The change in the thickness of the vastus lateralis muscle ranged from −0.6 to 1.4 mm. These changes were minimal and did not indicate muscle atrophy. These findings suggest that in addition to general physiotherapy, electrical muscle stimulation seems safe and feasible in the acute phase of neuromyelitis optica. 続きを見る
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Asano, Tetsuo ; 浅野, 哲夫
出版情報: WALCOM: Algorithms and Computation, 15th International Conference and Workshop.  2021  pp.13-24,  2021-02-28.  WALCOM: 15th International Conference and Workshop / Springer
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061599
概要: 金沢大学理工研究域<br />15th International Conference and Workshops, WALCOM 2021, Yangon, Myanmar, February 28 – March 2, 2021, Proceeding, Editors: Uehara, Ryuhei, Hong, Seok-Hee, Nandy, Subhas C (Eds.)
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Ikeya, Noriyuki ; Tanaka, Gengo ; Tsukagoshi, Akira ; 田中, 源吾
出版情報: Palaeontological Society of Japan Special Paper.  2003  pp.37-131,  2003.  日本古生物学会 Palaeontological Society of Japan
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061606
概要: 金沢大学国際基幹教育院GS教育系
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Tanaka, Gengo ; Ikeya, Noriyuki ; 田中, 源吾
出版情報: Paleontological Research.  6  pp.265-284,  2002-09-30.  日本古生物学会 Palaeontological Society of Japan
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061607
概要: 金沢大学国際基幹教育院GS教育系<br />Eighty-five fossil and Recent species of the genus Loxoconcha (Crustacea : Ostracoda) from East As ia are systematically reexamined. On the basis of carapace morphology, the genus Loxoconcha from East Asia is divided into five species groups : L. pulchra, L. optima, L. japonica, L. uranouchiensis and L. japonica species groups. The migration and speciation patterns of four species of the L. japonica species group are as follows. In Late Miocene, L. lilljeborgii and L. tumulosa were distributed over the Paleo-Indian Ocean. In Early Pliocene time, these species migrated to the Western Pacific and L. japonica evolved from populations of L. tumulosa by peramorphic evolution. In the Middle Pleistocene, L. shanhaiensis evolved from populations of L. japonica in the Ryukyu Islands by paedomorphic evolution. 続きを見る
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Tanaka, Gengo ; Seto, Koji ; Mukuda, Takao ; Nakano, Yusuke ; 田中, 源吾
出版情報: Paleontological Research.  6  pp.1-22,  2002-04-28.  日本古生物学会 Palaeontological Society of Japan
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061608
概要: 金沢大学国際基幹教育院GS教育系<br />Thirty-five ostracod species belonging to 18 genera are recognized from the Middle Miocene Fujina Formation (ca. 14-12 Ma), 3km southwest of Matsue City, Shimane Prefecture, Japan. Most of these species are part of the recent Japan Sea proper water fauna; they are also classified into 4 categories, circumpolar, cryophilic, endemic cool-temperate and temperate species. These ostracod assemblages indicate that the Fujina Formation was deposited under a cold-water environment. Ten new species, Ambtonia shimanensis, A. takayasui, Acanthocythereis fujinaensis, A. izumoensis, Cluthia tamayuensis, C. subjaponica, Kotoracythere tsukagoshii, Laperousecythere ikeyai, Palmoconcha irizukii, and Robertsonites yatsukanus are described. 続きを見る
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Tanaka, Gengo ; 田中, 源吾
出版情報: Earth Science = 地球科学.  57  pp.111-127,  2003-06-25.  地学団体研究会 The Association for the Geological Collaboration in Japan (AGCJ)
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061617
概要: 金沢大学国際基幹教育院GS教育系<br />島根県,出雲市菅沢の大森層より26属42種の介形虫化石を抽出し,2つの介形虫群(Ambostracon-Argilloecia-Cytheropteron群集およびPaijenborchella- Palmoconcha-Urocythereis pohangensis群集)を認めた.これらの群集は冷温〜温暖な公海の下浅海環境を示唆する.大森層および布志名層からの介形虫化石群の主成分分析は,その堆積環境が上部層準に向かってしだいに深くなっていったことを示唆する.5新種(Cytheropteron shimanense, Loxoconcha izumoensis, Paradoxostoma yakumotatsunus, Schizocythere sakanoueiおよびUrocythereis sugesawensis)を記載した.<br />Ostracods from the Omori Formation in Sugesawa (Izumo City, Shimane Prefecture) comprise 42 species belonging to 26 genera. Five new species, Cytheropteron shimanense, Loxoconcha izumoensis, Paradoxostoma yakumotatsunus, Schizocythere sakanouei and Urocythereis sugesawensis are described. Two ostracod assemblages (Ambostracon-Argilloecia-Cytheropteron assemblage and Paijenborchella-Palmoconcha-Urocythereis pohangensis assemblage) are recognized. These assemblages indicate that the uppermost of the Omori Formation was deposited under the environments from cool to warm open sublittoral condition. Principal components analysis of ostracod assemblages from the Omori and Fujina Formations indicates that, in general, the depositional environment becomes deeper and deeper towards the upper horizon. 続きを見る
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Tanaka, Gengo ; Nakase, Hajime ; Yamashita, Shota ; Arai, Kazuno ; 田中, 源吾
出版情報: Geophysical Research Letters.  39  pp.L05406-,  2012-03.  American Geophysical Union / Wiley
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061630
概要: 金沢大学国際基幹教育院GS教育系<br />In Rikuzentakata City, Ostracode assemblages in sediment deposited by the Tohoku‐Oki earthquake an d tsunami of 11 March 2011 revealed that the sediment was derived from the seafloor from at least 9 m water depth, and was transported inland more than 1 km. The tsunami wave height at this location was higher than 10 m. Four hundred fifty seven modern ostracode assemblages were used in the modern analogue technique to estimate the depth source of the tsunami deposited assemblages. The application of this method to paleo‐tsunami deposits may provide insight into past tsunami wave height and potentially earthquake slip and magnitude.<br />Embargo Period 6 months 続きを見る
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Tanaka, Gengo ; 田中, 源吾
出版情報: Journal of Micropalaeontology.  25  pp.187-188,  2006-11.  British Micropalaeontological Society
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061631
概要: Sanyuania cuneata Zhao & Whatley, 1992 was reported initially from Late Pleistocene core samples from the northern part of the Yellow Sea and Recent sediments collected from supra tidal pools (17 practical salinity unit (psu)) in Xiangshangang Bay, East China Sea (Zhao & Whatley, 1992). Later, specimens were discovered, but not identified, in Lake Nakaumi, Shimane Prefecture, SW Japan (Fig. 1) (as Cytheridae gen. et. sp. indet. by Tanaka et al. (1998) and Sanyuania sp. by Seto et al. (1999)). Further examination of these Japanese specimens has clarified that they are conspecific with the Chinese specimens. This has provided an opportunity to review the distribution (Fig. 1) and potential environmental significance of Sanyuania cuneata and, for the first time, to describe its appendages (Fig. 2).Specimens figured herein were recovered from Lake Nakaumi (35°26′ 50″ N, 133°07′50″ E) at a depth of 0.3–6.0 m and salinity of 8–17 psu on 9 September 1998. The surface of the sediment was covered by the byssus of the mussel Musculista senhousia (Benson, 1842).Sanyuania cuneata is probably endemic to the East China Sea and the southwestern part of the Sea of Japan and is a potentially useful palaeoenvironmental indicator of brackish (steno-haline) environments in the area. By using the oxygen isotopic data from planktonic foraminifers and the estimated value of salinity flowing into the Japan Sea, Matsui et al. (1998) approximated that the salinity of the surface water of Japan Sea declined to about 20 psu during the Last Glacial Maximum . . . 続きを見る
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Tanaka, Gengo ; Seto, Koji ; 田中, 源吾
出版情報: Journal of Micropalaeontology.  29  pp.5-16,  British Micropalaeontological Society
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061632
概要: 金沢大学国際基幹教育院GS教育系<br />Three living trachyleberidid ostracod species, Acanthocythereis munechikai Ishizaki, Actinocythere is kisarazuensis Yajima and Hirsutocythere hanaii Ishizaki, were discovered in the Tsushima Straits, c. 120 km east of Tsushima Island (north Island), N 34° 46′ E 130° 46′ at a depth of 116 m. This is the first description of complete appendages for these genera. 続きを見る
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Tanaka, Gengo ; Parker, Andrew R. ; Hasegawa, Yoshikazu ; Siveter, David J. ; Yamamoto, Ryoichi ; Miyashita, Kiyoshi ; Takahashi, Yuichi ; Ito, Shosuke ; Wakamatsu, Kazumasa ; Mukuda, Takao ; Matsuura, Marie ; Tomikawa, Ko ; Furutani, Masumi ; Suzuki , Kayo ; Maeda, Haruyoshi ; 田中, 源吾
出版情報: Nature Communications.  5  pp.5920-,  2014-12.  Nature Research | Nature Publishing Group
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061633
概要: 金沢大学国際基幹教育院GS教育系<br />Vision, which consists of an optical system, receptors and image-processing capacity, has existed for at least 520 Myr. Except for the optical system, as in the calcified lenses of trilobite and ostracod arthropods, other parts of the visual system are not usually preserved in the fossil record, because the soft tissue of the eye and the brain decay rapidly after death, such as within 64 days and 11 days, respectively. The Upper Carboniferous Hamilton Formation (300 Myr) in Kansas, USA, yields exceptionally well-preserved animal fossils in an estuarine depositional setting. Here we show that the original colour, shape and putative presence of eumelanin have been preserved in the acanthodii fish Acanthodes bridgei. We also report on the tissues of its eye, which provides the first record of mineralized rods and cones in a fossil and indicates that this 300 Myr-old fish likely possessed colour vision.<br />This work was supported by the Science Research of Education and Science Government of Japan (grant no. 24540501 to G.T. and no. 24340129 to H.M.). 続きを見る
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Tanaka, Gengo ; Smith, Robin J. ; Siveter, David J. ; Parker, Andrew R. ; 田中, 源吾
出版情報: Zoological Science.  26  pp.846-850,  2009-12.  日本動物学会 Zoological Society of Japan
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061634
概要: 金沢大学国際基幹教育院GS教育系<br />Compound eyes are common in decapod crustaceans. Decapods have an abundant post-Palaeozoic fossil record, but hitherto morphological information about their eyes has been mainly restricted to Recent material. Here we report the discovery of compound eyes recovered from acetic acid residues of two fish-bearing nodules from the Cretaceous Santana Formation of Brazil; they include what are identified as decapod larval compound eyes. The fossil eyes are comparable to phyllosoma larval eyes because of the following characters: the hemispherical visual surface on a stalked eye; the relatively small-size of the visual surface of the eye; rounded facets are arranged in square arrays in the anterior region; the fact that the neighboring ommatidia are bounded by ridges and/ or grooves; and the more convex inner surface of the cornea lens. This report represents the first description of a three-dimensionally preserved fossil decapod eye. We conclude that the eyes probably represent palinuroid phyllosoma larval eyes and were an adaptation to a planktonic lifestyle. © 2009 Zoological Society of Japan. 続きを見る
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田辺, 勝美 ; Tanabe, Katsumi
出版情報: ヘレニズム~イスラーム考古学研究 = Japan Society for Hellenistic-Islam Archaeological Studies.  2020  pp.1-10,  2020-12-31.  金沢大学国際文化資源学研究センター — Center for Cultural Resource Studies, Kanazawa University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061636
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Tazaki, Kazue ; Ishida, Hideki ; 田崎, 和江 ; 石田, 秀樹
出版情報: The Journal of the Geological Society of Japan = 地質学雑誌.  102  pp.866-878,  1996-10-15.  日本地質学会 The Geological Society of Japan
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061643
概要: 金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系
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Tazaki, Kazue ; Zhou, Guoping ; Makaino, Koji ; 田崎, 和江 ; 周, 国平 ; 馬飼野, 光治
出版情報: 地球科学 = Earth Science.  50  pp.100-110,  1996-03-25.  地学団体研究会 The Association for the Geological Collaboration in Japan
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061659
概要: 金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系<br />デイーゼルエンジン車の排気ガスを一日2回直接受けたスイセンを採取し, XRF, SEM-EDX, TEMで観察および分析を行った.排気ガスに汚染されたスイセンの葉は黒色に変色し,気孔の内部及び周 辺には,Sを含む多量の微粒子が被覆し, Al, Si, Cl, Ca, K, Feの増加も認められた.これらの結果は,ディーゼルエンジンの排気ガスが植物の光合成などの生理作用に,短期間で大きく影響を及ぼすことを明らかにした.<br />Polluted narcissuses by exhaust emissions derived from a diesel engine twice a day were investigated by XRF, SEM-EDX and TEM analyses. Polluted narcissus was characterized by no flower, deformed leave and the change of color from green to yellow and black. S was increased about 6 times. About 33% of S-coated carbonaceous soots was retained through breath holes by narcissus, causing the normal breath and photosynthesis of narcissus damaged. This could be a major factor of narcissus growing abnormally during a short period (2 months). 続きを見る
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田崎, 和江 ; Tazaki, Kazue
出版情報: 地球科学 = Earth Science.  48  pp.395-412,  1994-07-25.  地学団体研究会 The Association for the Geological Collaboration in Japan
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061678
概要: 金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系<br />地球上に広く分布する微細な炭素粒子は,環境の変化に最も敏感に対応する物質の一つである.その炭素の起源,微細形態,結晶成長の過程,化学結合,分布などを明かにし,炭素物質を評価するうえで,電子線を用 いた手法が有効である.ここには,様々な炭素物質について,その目的に応じた有効な分析方法の実例を示した.走査型(SEM)および透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)による観察は,炭素物質の微細形態,結晶成長過程,結晶度を知るのに適している.バクテリアなどを含む有機物が濃集した非晶質の炭素は,続成作用により,高結晶度のグラファイトヘと変化する.初期の炭素物質は,球粒,管,フレーク,薄膜,シート,リボン状などさまざまな形態をとり,最も成長した結晶であるグラファイトは,六角板状のバウムクーヘン状構造をとる.炭素の分布を知るには,エレクトロンマイクロプローブ(EPMA)やオージェ(Auger)による元素濃度分布図が有効である.オージェは,導電性物質の蒸着を必要としないので,岩石中のカーボンの存在を薄片の状態で検出することが可能である.高い導電性を持つことで知られているワイオミング産のSybille Monzosyeniteに,オージェ分析を適用し,鉱物境界に高濃度の炭素が存在することが,高導電性の要因の一つであることを明かにした.また,オージェは導電性物質の蒸着なしで,オングストロームのオーダの最表面分析が可能である.フーリエ赤外線分析(FT-IR)は,炭素の化学結合や水分子との結合状態を知ることができる.グラファイトは,その結晶度の違いによりOHやC-C結合の吸収の程度が異なる例として,片麻岩中の低結晶度の炭素から水分が抜け,次に酸素が抜けてグラファイトヘと変化するプロセスを示した.また,電子線走査化学分析器(ESCA)による炭素(1S)の高分解能分析は,様々な炭素結合の種類とその量比を知るのに有効である.この方法により,深海底堆積物中の海緑石に含まれる炭素が,COO,C-O,C-Cそしてグラファイトといった異なる炭素結合により構成されていることを明かにした.この結果は,海緑石が有機物起源であり,その後,無機化すること,有機炭素と無機炭素の境界は明瞭ではないことなどを示している.さらに,重イオン加速器(RILAC)は,炭素が表面吸着しているか,または結晶構造に組み込まれているかの判断に有効である.例えば都市ガスのすすの分析は,金属やSiO_2といった標準試料と比べ,炭素が結晶性の構造を待つことを示した.同時に,この方法は,酸素と水素の存在状態の差異も明瞭に表わすことができる.重イオン加速器は,大気からもたらされた汚染物質の炭素と物質本来の結晶構造中の炭素原子との区別に有効である.<br />Very fine carbon particulates formed by both inorganic and biological processes in the Earth have the most sensitive response to global change. Various electron microtechniques are usufu1 to reveal the micromorphology, texture, growing processes, crystalinity, chemical bond and the distribution of carbon materials. In this article useful methods for evaluation of carbon in various carbon materials are introduced. Amorphous organic carbon naturally and artificially transforms into high crystalline graphite. SEM and TEM observations reveal that precursor carbon materials are composed of spherules, tubular, fiakes, thin films ,fla tsheets, and ribbon texture. Bacteri aand nannobacteria may play a prorninent catalyzing role in the precipitatio onf carbon materia]s. Hexagonal onion-like texture is the most stable form ofcarbon durin ggraphitizatio n,EPMA and Auger can be used for carbon elernentary rnapping. Auger-spectrometer depth profiling and carbon content rnap applied to Sybille Monzosyenite having high electrical conductivity revealed a high concentration of carbon on grain boundaries of the minerals. Chemical bonding of carbon and hydrogen can be analyzed by FT-IR method. FT-IR spectra showing different intensity of OH and C-C absorbed bands are related with the degree of crystalinity of graphite in rocks. The result suggests that graphite occurred by dehydration and reduction of organic materials, ESCA is usufu1 method to know various carbon binding. High resolution of C_ls spectra of micro ESCA can discriminate various carbon chemical binding, such as COO, C-O, C-C, and graphite. ESCA spectra of glauconite in deep sea sediments showed various ratios of COO, C-O, C-C and graphite, suggesting organic origin of glauconite. The result also suggests that there are no clear boundary between organic and inorganic carbon. RILAC method can be used for evaluation of atmospheric contamination of carbon from structural carbon. RILAC spectra of soot showed characteristic recoiled carbon, oxygen and hydrogen ions with standards of purity for metalic plate and Si0_2. 続きを見る
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Tazaki, Kazue ; 田崎, 和江
出版情報: 地球科学 = Earth Science.  47  pp.251-270,  1993-05-25.  地学団体研究会 The Association for the Geological Collaboration in Japan (AGCJ)
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061696
概要: 金沢大学理工研究域地球社会基盤学系<br />Because of increasing population, human activity has become a dominant process modifying the eart h environment. Understanding the new environmental stresses includes study of interface processes on macro- and micro-scales. Application of electron microscopy to the study of sulfides and sulfate complexes in atmospheric dust, in acidic river sediment, in sewage sludge and in water solution, provide unique information on the interaction between bacteria and human activities in close-to-environmental conditions. Microorganisms exhibit great powers of trace metal accumulation and immolization. They may be frequently encountered in extreme metal contaminated environment both natural and man-made. The sulfides leading to the formation of sulfide minerals were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). For example: 1 Atmospheric sulfide minerals in air dust, 2 Sulfides precipitation with bacteria in polluted mining river sediment, 3 Sulfide mineralization in sludge, 4 Experimental sulfide mineralization in 9 K medium. Atmosphere oxidation rate of SO2 is largely balanced by exchange across the hydrosphere-biosphere-land surface interfaces. Fluctuating volcanic emissions or Chinese loess may have profound influence. SEM-EDX observation indicated that the air dust and acid rain-water contained gypsum, barite and sulfur films which may be due to contributions from volcanic eruption. TEM observation showed bacteria with S-rich thin films in dust of rain-water suggesting interaction between polluted S-rich precipitation and bacterial activity in atmospheric environment. The study of acidic river sediment indicates the enormous influence of the biosphere in maintaining river chemistry of sulfate complexes and sulfides. The electron microscopic techniques enable us to examine the reactive surface at the micron scale, the surface where reaction occurs, that control so many of the basic biogeochemical processes. Micro-scopic study showed that all biomass contains a significant quantity of metallic constituents, and mineralization in living and dead biodebris may contribute to sulfides transport from the hydrosphere into sediment. The bacterial cell walls are remarkable in their ability to fix metals and provide sites for nucleation and growth of Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn minerals. The sulfate complexes and sulfides in sludge in Lake Nakaumi were investigated, including study on the formation of minerals and uptake of metals by bacteria or plant. SEM-EDX observation showed that pyrite, pyrrhotite and gypsum were formed on the top of surface sludge. The aggregate of framboidal pyrite gradually grew in diatom shell which composed of S and Fe, suggesting the processes of sulfide mineral formations related with organisms. The sewage sludge is a valuable source of N, P, and heavy metallic elements (e. g. , Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn) and organic matter. Such metals are of environmental concern due to their potential effects on plant uptake and growth. Jarosite used in the laboratory study was produced from a mixture of 9 K medium and Thiobacillus ferroxidans for a period of several days. SEM-EDX observation with XRD showed that jarosite was formed after 3 days and ammoniojarosite was formed after 7 days from the experimental solution. If T. ferroxidans is present, jarosite can be formed at room temperature by aerating solutions of FeSO4, and K2SO4 at pH 2 within few days. Elemental sulfur interacted with the metal-loaded bacterial cells, affected both the eventual earth science and crystal habit of the metal sulfides, and formed a variety of crystalline metal sulfides. Observation of sulfate complexe changes is unique opportunity to better manage all our earth environment. 続きを見る
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APPEL, Randy ; アペール, ランディ
出版情報: 外国語教育フォーラム : 金沢大学外国語教育論集 = Forum of language instructors.  15  pp.5-14,  2021-03.  金沢大学国際基幹教育院外国語教育系
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061708
概要: With the increased availability of many low cost and freely accessible tools that can now be used to analyze large collections of text in (semi)automated ways, corpus approaches to linguistic inquiry have seen a sharp rise in popularity over the last 20 years. This increased attention, combined with eased data collection, has led to a wide range of studies making use of corpus approaches to better understand various genres and registers of linguistic output as a way of informing second language acquisition pedagogy and theory. In this paper, two particular areas of research that have benefited from the increased attention provided by corpus approaches to linguistic inquiry are discussed: formulaic sequences and first language related production tendencies. These two areas are used to reveal important pedagogical implications resulting from recent research applying corpus-driven lexical analyses of second language English academic writing. 続きを見る
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MORIKAWA, Tomoaki ; 森川, 智成
出版情報: 外国語教育フォーラム : 金沢大学外国語教育論集 = Forum of language instructors.  15  pp.15-19,  2021-03.  金沢大学国際基幹教育院外国語教育系
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061709
概要: On January 21, 2021, Dr. Jayson Parba of the University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa was virtually invited to Kanazawa University to give a public lecture online on critical language pedagogy in the EAP classroom context. Introducing the theoretical entry points of critical pedagogy and illustrating his own praxis, Dr. Parba discusses the pedagogical and curricular implications of incorporating critical perspectives in language teaching. 続きを見る
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BROWN, Dale ; OYABU, Kana ; YAGUCHI, Michiko ; MURRAY, Lewis ; ブラウン, デール ; 大藪, 加奈 ; 家口, 美智子 ; マリー, ルイス
出版情報: 外国語教育フォーラム : 金沢大学外国語教育論集 = Forum of language instructors.  15  pp.21-44,  2021-03.  金沢大学国際基幹教育院外国語教育系
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061710
概要: English-medium instruction (EMI) has quickly become a significant part of higher education around the world. To help stu dents prepare for the demands of EMI, English for Academic Purposes (EAP) courses often have a significant role. In order for EAP courses to optimally prepare students for EMI, it is important that those managing EAP programmes have a good understanding of the nature of EMI and of students’ abilities to deal with its demands. This paper reports on a study in which 192 students enrolled in EMI courses at a university in Japan responded to a questionnaire on the challenges of their EMI course and how well the prior EAP courses helped them prepare for those challenges. The questionnaire data revealed that EMI courses at the institution primarily require receptive skills (i.e. listening and reading), but that students also see a need for greater speaking ability since when EMI courses do demand active skills, students find it challenging. The study therefore provides some insights into how the institution’s EAP courses may best evolve in order to better support students in their future studies.<br />世界の高等教育では、英語による教育(EMI)が急速に重要な部分を占めるようになってきた。それに伴い、アカデミック英語に関する教育(EAP)はしばしば、学生の EMI 授業履修を可能にする大切な役割を担っている。学生を最大限EMI コースに適応させるため、EAPコースの運営者は、EMI 授業の性質やそれを受ける学生の能力をしっかり理解している必要がある。本論では、日本のある大学で EMI 授業を受けた学生 192 人のアンケート結果を分析した。学生がEMI 授業の受講にどのような難しさを感じたか、また学内EAP コースがどの程度 EMI コースに役立ったかについて、学生たちの回答を報告する。アンケート結果から、学内の EMI 授業では、主に受動的スキル(リスニングやリーディング)が必要とされていることがわかった。また、EMI 授業で積極的な貢献が求められた時、それを行うことが難しいことから、学生はより高いスピーキング力も必要と考えていることが分かった。学生の将来の学習をよりよく支援するために、EAP コースをどのように改善していくのがよいかについて、本論は一定の示唆をしている。 続きを見る
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Sato, Masahide ; 佐藤, 正英
出版情報: Langmuir.  37  pp.4213-4221,  2021-03-29. 
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061714
概要: 金沢大学学術メディア創成センター<br />Considering that one-patch particles rotate three-dimensionally and translate on a two-dimensional flat plane, I performed isothermal–isochoric Monte Carlo simulations to study how two-dimensional self-assemblies formed by spherical patchy particles depending on the interaction length and patch area. As the interaction potential between one-patch particles, the Kern–Frenkel (KF) potential is used in the simulations. With increasing patch area, the shape of the most numerous clusters changes from dimers to island-like clusters with a square lattice via triangular trimers, square tetramers, and chain-like clusters when the interaction length is as long as the particle radius. With a longer interaction length, other shapes of polygonal clusters such as another type of square tetramers, two types of pentagonal pentamers, hexagonal hexamers, and hexagonal heptamers also form.<br />Embargo Period 12 months 続きを見る
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Kobayashi, Mio ; Kakuda, Yuko ; Harada, Kenichi ; Sato, Yasunori ; Sasaki, Motoko ; Ikeda, Hiroko ; Terada, Mitsuhiro ; Mukai, Munenori ; Kaneko, Shuichi ; Nakanuma, Yasuni ; 小林, 水緒 ; 原田, 憲一 ; 佐藤, 保則 ; 佐々木, 素子 ; 池田, 博子 ; 金子, 周一 ; 中沼, 安二
出版情報: World Journal of Gastroenterology.  20  pp.3597-3608,  2014.  Baishideng Publishing Group Co
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061729
概要: 金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系<br />AIM: To investigate histological and immunohistochemical differences in hepatitis between autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) with AIH features. METHODS: Liver needle biopsies of 41 PBC with AIH features and 43 AIH patients were examined. The activity of periportal and lobular inflammation was scored 0 (none or minimal activity) to 4 (severe), and the degree of hepatitic rosette formation and emperipolesis was semiquantatively scored 0-3. The infiltration of mononuclear cells positive for CD20, CD38, CD3, CD4, and CD8 and positive for immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, and IgA) at the periportal areas (interface hepatitis) and in the hepatic lobules (lobular hepatitis) were semiquantitatively scored in immunostained liver sections (score 0-6). Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), immunoglobulins, and autoantibodies at the time of liver biopsy were correlated with the histological and immunohistochemical scores of individual lesions. RESULTS: Lobular hepatitis, hepatitic rosette formation, and emperipolesis were more extensive and frequent in AIH than in PBC. CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ cell infiltration scores were higher in the hepatic lobules and at the interface in AIH but were also found in PBC. The degree of mononuclear cell infiltration correlated well with the degree of interface and lobular hepatitis in PBC, but to a lesser degree in AIH. CD20+ cells were mainly found in the portal tracts and, occasionally, at the interface in both diseases. Elevated AST correlated well with the hepatocyte necroinflammation and mononuclear cell infiltration, specifically CD38+ cells in PBC. No correlation existed between autoantibodies and inflammatory cell infiltration in PBC or AIH. While most AIH cases were IgG-predominant at the interface, PBC cases were divided into IgM-predominant, IgM/IgGequal, and IgG-predominant types, with the latter sharing several features with AIH. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the hepatocellular injuries associated with interface and lobular hepatitis in AIH and PBC with interface hepatitis may not be identical. © 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited. All rights reserved. 続きを見る
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Okazaki, Mitsuyoshi ; Makino, Isamu ; Kitagawa, Hirohisa ; Nakanuma, Shinichi ; Hayashi, Hironori ; Nakagawara, Hisatoshi ; Miyashita, Tomoharu ; Tajima, Hidehiro ; Takamura, Hiroyuki ; Ohta, Tetsuo ; 岡崎, 充善 ; 牧野, 勇 ; 北川, 裕久 ; 中沼, 伸一 ; 林, 泰寛 ; 中川原, 寿俊 ; 宮下, 知治 ; 田島, 秀浩 ; 高村, 博之 ; 太田, 哲生
出版情報: World Journal of Gastroenterology.  20  pp.852-856,  2014.  Baishideng Publishing Group Co
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061730
概要: 金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系<br />We herein report a case of anaplastic carcinoma of the pancreas with remarkable intraductal tumor gr owth into the main pancreatic duct. A 76-year-old male was referred to our hospital for treatment of a pancreatic tumor. Preoperative examinations revealed a poorly defined tumor in the main pancreatic duct in the body of the pancreas, accompanied with severe dilatation of the main pancreatic duct, which was diagnosed as an intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm. We performed distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy. The pathological examination revealed that the tumor consisted of a mixture of anaplastic carcinoma (giant cell type) and adenocarcinoma in the pancreas. There was a papillary projecting tumor composed of anaplastic carcinoma in the dilated main pancreatic duct. The patient is now receiving chemotherapy because liver metastasis was detected 12 mo after surgery. In this case, we could observe a remarkable intraductal tumor growth into the main pancreatic duct. We also discuss the pathogenesis and characteristics of this rare tumor with specific tumor growth. © 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited. All rights reserved. 続きを見る
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Sato, Hirohide ; Sato, Yasunori ; Harada, Kenichi ; Sasaki, Motoko ; Hirano, Katsuyasu ; Nakanuma, Yasuni ; 佐藤, 保則 ; 原田, 憲一 ; 佐々木, 素子 ; 中沼, 安二
出版情報: World Journal of Gastroenterology.  19  pp.6125-6126,  2013.  Baishideng Publishing Group Co
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061731
概要: 金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系<br />A 77-year-old woman complained of epigastralgia, and a tumor (5 cm in diameter) of the gallbladder n eck was detected by image analysis. Following cholecystectomy, the tumor was pathologically diagnosed as intraductal papillary neoplasm (IPN), gastric type, with associated invasive carcinoma. About 10 mo later, intraluminal multiple masses (3 foci, up to 1.8 cm) were noted in the extrahepatic bile duct, and the resected specimen showed that all tumors had similar gross and microscopic features as seen in gallbladder IPN without invasion, and they were synchronous multiple lesions. This case showed a papillary tumor of the gallbladder of gastric phenotype, and confirmed that the gallbladder is a target of IPN in addition to the bile ducts. © 2013 Baishideng. All rights reserved. 続きを見る
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Onishi, Ichiro ; Kitagawa, Hirohisa ; Harada, Kenichi ; Maruzen, Syogo ; Sakai, Seisyo ; Makino, Isamu ; Hayashi, Hironori ; Nakagawara, Hisatoshi ; Tajima, Hidehiro ; Takamura, Hiroyuki ; Fujimura, Takashi ; Kayahara, Masato ; Ikeda, Hiroko ; Ohta, Tetsuo ; Nakanuma, Yasuni ; 北川, 裕久 ; 原田, 憲一 ; 牧野, 勇 ; 林, 泰寛 ; 中川原, 寿俊 ; 田島, 秀浩 ; 高村, 博之 ; 藤村, 隆 ; 萱原, 正都 ; 池田, 博子 ; 太田, 哲生 ; 中沼, 安二
出版情報: World Journal of Gastroenterology.  19  pp.3161-3164,  2013.  Baishideng Publishing Group Co
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061732
概要: 金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系<br />We present the first case of an intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct (IPNB) accompanying a mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC). A 74-yearold woman presented with fever of unknown cause. Laboratory data revealed jaundice and liver injury. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed a 20 mm polypoid tumor in the dilated distal bile duct, which exhibited early enhancement and papillary growth. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed mucus production from the papilla of Vater, characterized by its protruding and dilated orifice. Endoscopic ultrasonography visualized the polypoid tumor in the distal bile duct, but no invasive region was suggested by diagnostic imaging. Therefore, the initial diagnosis was IPNB. After endoscopic nasobiliary drainage, a pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed. Pathological examination of the resected bile duct revealed papillary proliferation of biliary-type cells with nuclear atypia, indicating pancreaticobiliary-type IPNB. In addition, solid portions comprised of tumor cells with characteristic salt-and-pepper nuclei were evident. Immunohistochemistry revealed expression of the neuroendocrine marker synaptophysin in this solid component, diagnosing it as a neuroendocrine tumor (NET). Furthermore, the MIB-1 proliferation index of NET was higher than that of IPNB, and microinvasion of the NET component was found, indicating neuroendocrine carcinoma (NET G3). This unique case of MANEC, comprising IPNB and NET, provides insight into the pathogenesis of biliary NET. © 2013 Baishideng. All rights reserved. 続きを見る
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Hattori, Yuki ; Gabata, Toshifumi ; Matsui, Osamu ; Mochizuki, Kentaro ; Kitagawa, Hirohisa ; Kayahara, Masato ; Ohta, Tetsuo ; Nakanuma, Yasuni ; 蒲田, 敏文 ; 松井, 修 ; 北川, 裕久 ; 萱原, 正都 ; 太田, 哲生 ; 中沼, 安二
出版情報: World Journal of Gastroenterology.  15  pp.3114-3121,  2009.  Baishideng Publishing Group Co
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061733
概要: 金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系<br />Aim: To evaluate retrospectively the correlation between enhancement patterns on dynamic computed to mography (CT) and angiogenesis and fibrosis in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Methods: Twenty-three patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma underwent dynamic CT and tumor resection. In addition to the absolute and relative enhanced value that was calculated by subtracting the attenuation value on pre-contrast from those on contrast-enhanced CT in each phase, we defined one parameter, "tumor-aorta enhancement ratio", which was calculated by dividing enhancement of pancreatic cancer by enhancement of abdominal aorta in each phase. These enhancement patterns were correlated with the level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), microvessel density (MVD), and extent of fibrosis. Results: The absolute enhanced value in the arterial phase correlated with the level of VEGF and MVD (P = 0.047, P = 0.001). The relative enhanced value in arterial phase and tumor-aorta enhancement ratio (arterial) correlated with MVD (P = 0.003, P = 0.022). Tumor-aorta enhancement ratio (arterial) correlated negatively with the extent of fibrosis (P = 0.004). The tumors with greater MVD and higher expression of VEGF tended to show high enhancement in the arterial dominant phase. On the other hand, the tumors with a larger amount of fibrosis showed a negative correlation with the grade of enhancement during the arterial phase. Conclusion: Enhancement patterns on dynamic CT correlated with angiogenesis and may be modified by the extent of fibrosis. © 2009 The WJG Press and Baishideng. All rights reserved. 続きを見る
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Sasaki, Motoko ; Araki, Ichiro ; Yasui, Toshiaki ; Kinoshita, Masaru ; Itatsu, Keita ; Nojima, Takayuki ; Nakanuma, Yasuni ; 佐々木, 素子 ; 野島, 孝之 ; 中沼, 安二
出版情報: World Journal of Gastroenterology.  15  pp.615-621,  2009.  Baishideng Publishing Group Co
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061734
概要: 金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系<br />We report a case of primary localized malignant biphasic mesothelioma of the liver in a 66-year-old man associated with asbestosis. The tumor was detected as a hepatic nodule, 4 cm in diameter, in the right lobe (S8 segment) on CT scan. Histopathological examination demonstrated an intrahepatic tumor with central necrosis consisting of a papillary epithelioid pattern on the surface of the liver, microcystic (microglandular or adenomatoid) pattern mainly in the subcapsular area and sarcomatoid pattern intermingled with microcystic pattern in the major part of the hepatic nodular tumor. Tumor cells, especially of epithelioid type, showed distinct immunoreactivity for mesothelial markers (WT-1, calretinin, D2-40, CK5/6, mesothelin, thrombomodulin) and no immunoreactivity for epithelial (adenocarcinoma) markers (CEA, CD15, BerEP4, BG8, MOC31). P53 immunoreactivity was detected focally in papillary epithelioid tumor cells and extensively in microcystic and sarcomatoid components, suggesting that the papillary epithelioid mesothelioma arose on the surface of the liver, and tumor cells showing microcystic and sarcomatoid patterns invaded and grew into the liver. To date, this is the first case of primary localized malignant biphasic mesothelioma of the liver, since all three primary hepatic mesotheliomas reported so far were epithelioid type. © 2009 The WJG Press and Baishideng. All rights reserved. 続きを見る
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Yoshikawa, Seiichi ; Zen, Yoh ; Fujii, Takahiko ; Sato, Yasunori ; Ohta, Tetsuo ; Aoyagi, Yutaka ; Nakanuma, Yasuni ; 全, 陽 ; 佐藤, 保則 ; 太田, 哲生 ; 中沼, 安二
出版情報: World Journal of Gastroenterology.  15  pp.4896-4906,  2009.  Baishideng Publishing Group Co
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061735
概要: 金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系<br />AIM: To reveal the characteristics of CD133+ cells in the liver. METHODS: This study examined the hi stological characteristics of CD133 + cells in non-neoplastic and neoplastic liver tissues by immunostaining, and also analyzed the biological characteristics of CD133 + cells derived from human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or cholangiocarcinoma cell lines. RESULTS: Immunostaining revealed constant expression of CD133 in non-neoplastic and neoplastic biliary epithelium, and these cells had the immunophenotype CD133+/CK19+/HepPar -1-. A smal l number of CD133+/CK19-/HepPar-1+ cells were also identified in HCC and combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma. In addition, small ductal structures, resembling the canal of Hering, partly surrounded by hepatocytes were positive for CD133. CD133 expression was observed in three HCC (HuH7, PLC5 and HepG2) and two cholangiocarcinoma cell lines (HuCCT1 and CCKS1). Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) revealed that CD133+ and CD133-cells derived from HuH7 and HuCCT1 cells similarly produced CD133+ and CD133- cells during subculture. To examine the relationship between CD133+ cells and the side population (SP) phenotype, FACS was performed using Hoechst 33342 and a monoclonal antibody against CD133. The ratios of CD133+/CD133-cells were almost identical in the SP and non-SP in HuH7. In addition, four different cellular populations (SP/CD133+, SP/CD133-, non-SP/CD133+, and non-SP/CD133-) could similarly produce CD133+ and CD133- cells during subculture. CONCLUSION: This study revealed that CD133 could be a biliary and progenitor cell marker in vivo. However, CD133 alone is not sufficient to detect tumor-initiating cells in cell lines. © 2009 The WJG Press and Baishideng. All rights reserved. 続きを見る
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Fujimura, Takashi ; Ohta, Tetsuo ; Oyama, Katsunobu ; Miyashita, Tomoharu ; Miwa, Koichi ; 藤村, 隆 ; 太田, 哲生 ; 尾山, 勝信 ; 宮下, 知治 ; 三輪, 晃一
出版情報: World Journal of Gastroenterology.  12  pp.1336-1345,  2006.  Baishideng Publishing Group Co
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061736
概要: 金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系<br />Selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors (coxibs) were developed as one of the anti-inflammatory drugs to avoid the various side effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). However, coxibs also have an ability to inhibit tumor development of various kinds the same way that NSAIDs do. Many experimental studies using cell lines and animal models demonstrated an ability to prevent tumor proliferation of COX-2 inhibitors. After performing a randomized study for polyp chemoprevention study in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), which showed that the treatment with celecoxib, one of the coxibs, significantly reduced the number of colorectal polyps in 2000, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) immediately approved the clinical use of celecoxib for FAP patients. However, some coxibs were recently reported to increase the risk of serious cardiovascular events including heart attack and stroke. In this article we review a role of COX-2 in carcinogenesis of gastrointestinal tract, such as the esophagus, stomach and colorectum, and also analyze the prospect of coxibs for chemoprevention of gastrointestinal tract tumors. © 2006 The WJG Press. All rights reserved. 続きを見る
56.

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Nakanuma, Shinichi ; Miyashita, Tomoharu ; Hayashi, Hironori ; Tajima, Hidehiro ; Takamura, Hiroyuki ; Makino, Isamu ; Oyama, Katsunobu ; Nakagawara, Hisatoshi ; Fushida, Sachio ; Ohta, Tetsuo ; 中沼, 伸一 ; 宮下, 知治 ; 高村, 博之 ; 林, 泰寛 ; 田島, 秀浩 ; 牧野, 勇 ; 尾山, 勝信 ; 中川原, 寿俊 ; 伏田, 幸夫 ; 太田, 哲生
出版情報: Experimental and Clinical Transplantation.  13  pp.556-562,  2015-12.  Baskent University, Publishers / The Middle East Society for Organ Transplantation (MESOT)
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061860
概要: 金沢大学附属病院肝胆膵・移植外科<br />Objectives: Continuous thrombocytopenia after liver transplant is associated with a less favorable prognosis, but this pathogenesis remains unclear. We focused on the consumption of platelets in the allograft. We assessed platelet consumption in allografts, and evaluated the pathology of platelet aggregation in an allograft tissue and its involve-ment in clinical outcomes.Materials and Methods: We took biopsy specimens from 20 patients. To examine the localization of platelet aggregation, CD42b was assayed immuno-histochemically, and its level of expression correlated with clinical data and outcomes.Results: Platelet aggregation in zone 3 was 70%, compared with 30% in zone 1 and 50% in zone 2. Platelets were found mainly as extravasated platelet aggregates in local microenvironments. Patients were stratified according to the extent of extravasated platelet aggregates in zone 3 into extravasated platelet aggregate-negative and -positive groups. Graft weight/recipient body weight ratio with the extravasated platelet aggregate-positive group was significantly lower than that of the extravasated platelet aggregate-negative group. Platelet count after surgery was lower, while total bilirubin and prothrombin time/international normalized ratio were higher in the extravasated platelet aggregate-positive than they were in the extravasated platelet aggregate-negative group.Conclusions: Extravasated platelet aggregates in the zone 3 of allograft tissue cause the consumption of platelets and continuous thrombocytopenia after transplant, and may be the clinical marker for deterioration of graft function. Platelet activation and degranulation following the release by platelets of some negative regulators may be involved partially in liver damage. 続きを見る
57.

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Nisikawa, Yuichi ; Watanabe, Kohei ; Holobar, Aleš ; Maeda , Noriaki ; Maruyama, Hirofumi ; Tanaka, Shinobu ; 西川, 裕一
出版情報: European Journal of Neuroscience.  53  pp.1938-1949,  2021-03.  Federation of European Neuroscience Societies / Wiley
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061886
概要: 金沢大学理工研究域フロンティア工学系<br />Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have greater laterality of muscle contraction properties than other people with parkinsonism diseases. However, few studies have reported the laterality of MU activation properties of the lower extremity muscles in patients with PD. The aim of the present study was to identify the laterality of MU behavior in PD patients using high-density surface electromyography (HD-SEMG). Eleven female patients with PD (age, 69.2 ± 6.2 years, disease duration, 2.7 ± 0.9 years, Unified Parkinson's disease Rating Scale score, 13 (9–16)), and 9 control female subjects (age, 66.8 ± 3.5 years) were enrolled in the present study. All subjects performed a sustained isometric knee extension in a 30% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) task for 20 s. HD-SEMG signals were used to record and extract single MU firing behavior in the vastus lateralis muscle during submaximal isometric knee extensor contractions with 64 electrodes and decomposed with the convolution kernel compensation technique to extract individuals MUs. Compared to the control subjects, the patients with PD exhibited laterality of the MU firing rate and an absence of a relationship between the mean MU firing rate and MU threshold. Patients with PD exhibit laterality of MU behavior and experience MU behavioral abnormalities even with mild symptoms such as Hoehn & Yahr stage ≤ 3 and disease duration = 2.7 ± 0.9. These findings suggest the importance of considering the detection of abnormal muscle properties in PD patients beginning in the early phase of the disease. © 2020 Federation of European Neuroscience Societies and John Wiley & Sons Ltd<br />Embargo Period 12 months<br />We gratefully thank Dr. Tadashi Toyama and Dr. Sakae Miyagi, who helped perform the statistical analyses. This study was supported by research grants from JSPS KAKENHI for Young Scientists (17K17908 and 20K19448 to YN). This study was also partially supported by Bilateral Joint Research Projects of JSPS (1082626 to KW and AH) and the Slovenian Research Agency (Projects J2‐1731 and L7‐9421 and Program funding P2‐0041 to AH). 続きを見る
58.

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Nishikawa, Yuichi ; Watanabe, Kohei ; Takahashi, Tetsuya ; Maeda , Noriaki ; Maruyama, Hirofumi ; Kimura, Hiroaki ; 西川, 裕一
出版情報: European Journal of Sport Science.  21  pp.1414-1422,  2021-10.  European College of Sport Science / Taylor and Francis
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061887
概要: 金沢大学理工研究域フロンティア工学系<br />The aim of the present study was to clarify the effect of electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) on the spatial distribution pattern of electromyographic activity in healthy young adults using multi-channel surface electromyography (SEMG). A total of 32 men (age = 21–26 years) were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 18) and control group (n = 14). Participants in the intervention group performed EMS to stimulate the bilateral lower limb muscle for four weeks (20 min/3 days/week). The control group received no EMS intervention. To understand the effects of EMS, the following measurements were made at baseline and four weeks: knee extension torque, muscle mass, and spatial distribution of neuromuscular activation during a target torques [10%, 30%, 50%, and 70% of the maximal voluntary contraction (MVC)] using multi-channel SEMG. The knee extension torque was significantly increased in intervention group compared with control group (p < 0.0001). However, the muscle mass did not show a significant difference between pre and post intervention in each group. The muscle activation patterns of 50% and 70% MVC task showed significant enhancement between baseline and four weeks in the intervention group. Furthermore, a moderate correlation between Δ knee extension torque and Δ spatial distribution pattern of electromyographic activity of 50% and 70% MVC in the intervention group was observed. These results suggested EMS intervention induced different distribution of muscle activity at high-intensity muscle contraction compared with low-intensity muscle contraction. Highlights The electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) interventions can improve muscle performance and muscle thickness, but the influence on neuromuscular activation is unknown. Participants performed EMS to stimulate the bilateral lower limb. EMS intervention induced alter motor unit recruitment pattern. © 2020 European College of Sport Science.<br />Embargo Period 12 months 続きを見る
59.

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Nakanuma, Shinichi ; Takamura, Hiroyuki ; Shoji, Masatoshi ; Hayashi, Hironori ; Tajima, Hidehiro ; Nakagawara, Hisatoshi ; Miyashita, Tomoharu ; Kitagawa, Hirohisa ; Tani, Takashi ; Ohta, Tetsuo ; 中沼, 伸一 ; 高村, 博之 ; 林, 泰寛 ; 田島, 秀浩 ; 中川原, 寿俊 ; 宮下, 知治 ; 北川, 裕久 ; 太田, 哲生
出版情報: Experimental and Clinical Transplantation.  13  pp.479-481,  2014-09-19.  Baskent University, Publishers / The Middle East Society for Organ Transplantation (MESOT)
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061888
概要: 金沢大学附属病院肝胆膵・移植外科<br />Liver transplant is a treatment for familial amyloid polyneuropathy. Few cases of ABO-incompatible living-donor liver transplant for familial amyloid polyneuropathy exist. The outcome of an ABO-incompatible living-donor liver transplant has improved recently, using local infusion therapy and rituximab prophylaxis. Here, we describe a successful ABO-incompatible living-donor liver transplant in a patient with familial amyloid polyneuropathy in whom disease progression ceased at 2 years’ follow-up. Additionally, no evidence of acute or chronic rejection, or adverse events of the immuno-suppressive therapy, was seen. As a postoperative complication, fatty changes in the grafted liver because of malnutrition or adverse events of corticosteroids were confirmed by a liver biopsy taken early after transplant. The main cause of malnutrition was considered to be gastrointestinal dysfunction caused by familial amyloid poly-neuropathy. Therefore, before deterioration of digestive function, liver transplants should be considered for familial amyloid polyneuropathy. This case suggests that an ABO-incompatible living-donor liver transplant may provide greater opportunities for familial amyloid polyneuropathy patients. 続きを見る
60.

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ルンデフ, ゴーニー ; 大澤, 孝 ; 鈴木, 宏節 ; 齊藤, 茂雄 ; ツォグトバータル, バトムンフ ; LKHÜNDEV, Göönii ; OSAWA, Takashi ; SUZUKI, Kosetsu ; SAITO, Sigeo ; TSOGTBAATAR, Batmönkh
出版情報: 金大考古 = The Archaeological Journal of Kanazawa University.  79  pp.16-41,  2021-03-31.  金沢大学人文学類考古学研究室 — 金沢大学人文学類大学院人間社会環境研究科考古学研究室
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061894
概要: 特集:モンゴル国で実施された考古調査報告集Special issue: Reports of archaeological research in Mongolia
61.

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アンガラグスレン, オドフー ; 髙妻, 洋成 ; ANGARAGSUREN, Odkhuu ; KOHDZUMA, Yohsei
出版情報: 金大考古 = The Archaeological Journal of Kanazawa University.  79  pp.68-80,  2021-03-31.  金沢大学人文学類考古学研究室 — 金沢大学人文学類大学院人間社会環境研究科考古学研究室
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061897
概要: 特集:モンゴル国で実施された考古調査報告集Special issue: Reports of archaeological research in Mongolia
62.

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Tsuchiya, Akihiro ; Torii, Kazuyo ; Hiraishi, Koki ; Matsuda, Yosuke ; Yamashita, Azusa
出版情報: 金沢大学人間社会研究域学校教育系紀要 = Bulletin of the Faculty of Education.  pp.191-208,  2021-03-17.  金沢大学人間社会研究域学校教育系 — The Faculty of Education, Institute of Human and Social Sciences, Kanazawa University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061955
概要: After the defeat of the World War II, Japanese people tried to rebuild their society by relying on humanistic and democratic values. It was the renewal of education system that constituted one of the key aspects of the reform. Teachers and scholars gathered together to find, a way to construct an autonomous realm of education with the aim to get rid of militaristic and ultra-nationalistic ideology which was precisely the fundamental principle of education during the imperial period of Japan. However, their effort ended up succumbing to political power, seeking to control education for a more efficient governance of people. The main purpose of this article is to consider the following questions: Why has Japanese school become once again a place of indoctrination of values and norms conforming to the government at the time? How did teachers at school lose their freedom to determine what to teach? From interdisciplinary perspective, this paper tries to answer these questions through analyzing the following three important processes realized in modem Japanese education: Legalization, Moralization, and Disciplination. 1> I) This paper is based on oral presentation at the Asian Law & Society Association 4th Annual Meeting (Osaka, Japan, 2019). 続きを見る
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Yamashita, Hiroshi
出版情報: 金沢大学人間社会研究域学校教育系紀要 = Bulletin of the Faculty of Education.  pp.209-216,  2021-03-17.  金沢大学人間社会研究域学校教育系 — The Faculty of Education, Institute of Human and Social Sciences, Kanazawa University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061956
概要: Let k be a real quadratic field. Let a be an integer of k and m be a pos­itive rational integer. Denote by ζ((a), (m), s ) be a partial zeta function associated to a ray class containing the principal ideal (a) which is defined with a conductor (m). We give a formula of the value of ζ((a), (m), -1) by means of the modifica— tion of the sum defined by L. Carlitz, c.f. [2]. It is an analogue to the generalized Dedekind sum defined in [6]. 続きを見る
64.

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Nishijima, Yoshinori ; 西嶋, 義憲
出版情報: Intercultural communication studies : ICS.  29  pp.84-98,  2021-05.  Institute for Cross-Cultural Research
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00061959
概要: 金沢大学人間社会研究域経済学経営学系<br />Irassyaimase is a greeting often heard in Japan upon entering shops or stores. In general, a gre eting is to be responded to with an equivalent expression. However, a response to irassyaimase is not expected. Such a greeting expression is thus called an “unreplyable utterance.” The aim of this study is threefold: (1) to observe how the expression irassyaimase is used in banks, shops, and stores in Japan; (2) to point out that it is not always intended for substantial communication, that is, it is used as an unreplyable utterance; and (3) to reveal that such expressions are generally used to create an atmosphere of caring for customers, despite being a one-way communication compared to corresponding situations in Western countries such as Germany. The results of this study help to clarify why routine phrases conveying what is generally regarded as obvious are often used in various situations in Japan with respect to ostensible hospitality. 続きを見る
65.

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Li, Yan ; Kinoshita, Isami
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  8  pp.1-3,  2020-04-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062345
66.

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Long, Chen ; Felkner, John
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  8  pp.4-17,  2020-04-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062346
概要: The relationship between urban form and sustainable transportation has been extensively explored in the existing literat ure, and it is generally accepted that an urban form characterized by higher density, mixed land use pattern and higher accessibility could shorten travel distance and encourage people to choose alternative non-auto travel modes, which in turn reduces the fuel consumption and associated GHG emissions. However, the extensive research on urban form and sustainable transportation has only identified significant correlations between individual urban form variables, such as urban density, land use mix or road connectivity and the one or multiple sustainable transportation outcomes, such as travel mode or vehicle miles travelled (VMT), but very limited empirical studies have been identified to examine the interaction effects that may exist between the urban form attributes. This paper proposes the hypothesis that interaction effects exist between urban form attributes when examining their influences on sustainable transportation. Taking all cities in Florida, U.S. as a case, the interaction effects in the relationship between urban form and sustainable transportation are tested with empirical data. The regression results verified our hypothesis that density shows “threshold negative-to-positive” synergy with other urban form variables, indicating that certain theoretical correlations between urban form variables and sustainable transportation outcomes are conditional depending on the interactions between or among urban form attributes. The results may expand the theoretical framework on the topic of land use and transportation and has considerable policy implications for planning support systems. 続きを見る
67.

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Pan, Haixiao ; Zheng, Yuming ; Wang, Zizhan
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  8  pp.18-36,  2020-04-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062347
概要: To explore the impact of geographical location, built environment, public transportation service and individual socioeco nomic attributes on commuting carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, a survey was conducted in 27 residential compounds of Shanghai in 2016. In this paper, commuting distance was calculated according to a Baidu map application programming interface (API). CO2 emissions were calculated based on the mode used in each segment of commuting and distance travelled. Through the use of a multiple linear regression model, factors of personal socioeconomic attributes, including gender, occupation and apartment area, were significant to commuting CO2 emissions. In terms of the public transport service, the distance from compounds to the nearest metro station was found to be a significant factor on CO2 emissions, whereas the built environment, such as parking space and employment density, had a weak impact in our study. In addition, even when living near a metro station, the top 20% of travellers’ CO2 emissions can account for approximately 80% of the total CO2 emissions. Hence, policies to reduce those people’s commuting CO2 emissions are worth further exploring. 続きを見る
68.

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Zheng, Lingwei ; Li, Yan
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  8  pp.37-52,  2020-04-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062348
概要: Bicycle sharing systems (BSSs) have attracted worldwide attention as representatives of the new, green public transportation systems, and many types of research have examined the topic. However, the research so far is relatively scattered, because BSS has undergone several technical upgrades and expansions, and the content of some articles may no longer apply to today's society. Therefore, it is necessary to review and summarise the research on BSSs so far. This article aims to collect and summarise the development, characteristics, and impact of BSSs through an extensive review of relevant literature. The article collects and analyses existing academic literature, online materials, and official reports. It is found that BSSs attract people with the same characteristics, and Western and Eastern users have different characteristics; some common factors promote people's use of BSSs in different regions. The government or enterprises introduce BSSs for different purposes: for reducing congestion or for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Most of the impacts caused by BSSs are positive, but some impacts, such as model substitution and environmental benefits, do not seem to achieve the expected goals. Through a literature review, this article provides references for people who are interested in conducting further research in this area in the future. 続きを見る
69.

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Jittrapirom, Peraphan ; Jaensirisak, Sittha
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  8  pp.53-69,  2020-04-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062349
概要: Formulating a transport master plan for a regional city in a developing country can be a challenging task. Regional citi es are often lacking financial resources or have limited expertise in the field of transport. Consequently, they are more likely to experience transport problems as they undergo expansion. The tradition of transport planning for regional cities in Thailand began as recently as 1994 with the master plan for Chiang Mai city. Since then, there has been a broad implementation of transport planning across the country, driven by the Office of Traffic and Transport Policy and Planning (OTP). As a result, most Thai cities now have a transport master plan. In this paper, we describe Thailand’s process in formulating and implementing its master plans across the regional cities. We provide three case studies to illustrate the process in practice. The study reveals some lessons learned that could be useful to identify critical planning and governance mechanisms for other developing countries, especially those in the same region, such as Vietnam, Cambodia, and Myanmar. 続きを見る
70.

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Metta, Peerat
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  8  pp.70-85,  2020-04-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062350
概要: Transport poverty is not only a term used to accentuate the fact that some groups of population in the society are unabl e to commute as they need, but the concept is being studied by researchers to accurately locate and identify the disadvantaged, who would need to be considered in transport policy and decision making. Due to its complexity, conceptualization and measurement of transport poverty have not always been clear and comprehensive. As measurement of transport poverty usually requires a specific set of data, developing countries are generally regarded as potentially having insufficient data. Thailand’s social and economic context imply that the issue has been present in the country while availability of data required for its measurement is unconfirmed. This paper reviews and discusses how the concept has been defined and measured by some previous research as well as availability of Thailand’s data applicable for various types of measurement. The results show that existing data would permit certain types and degrees of measurement; nonetheless, a more precise and accurate measurement of the issue would require more complete data sets. 続きを見る
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Li, Yuan ; Huang, Jingxiong ; Yang, Linchuan
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  8  pp.86-99,  2020-04-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062351
概要: Space syntax starts from the ontology of space to quantify the space and uses mathematical logic to reveal and describe the logic of the space structure.However, the application of space syntax analysis to museums in China has rarely been explored. In light of this, this study employs space syntax to analyse the Gulangyu Organ Museum (Xiamen, China) and uses the topological depth, visual graph analysis, and agent simulation to describe the structure of the museum space. Accordingly, several suggestions are proposed,including rearranging the layout of the museum’s functions and transforming the museum from functional space to experience space. This study can serve as a valuable reference for the application of space syntax in the design and optimization of space design and functional layout. We believe that the findings of this study can also be applied to other cultural institutions (e.g.,galleries) with similar characteristics. 続きを見る
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Kumar, Sudeshna ; Santara, Anirban ; Banerji, Haimanti
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  8  pp.100-117,  2020-04-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062352
概要: This paper systematically reviews the current approaches of assessing sustainability of Neighbourhood-level Urban Communities (NLUCs) to identify existing dimensions of sustainability including missing and neglected ones. The authors have adopted a systematic literature review (SLR) approach to provide an overview of state-of-the-art literature in urban sustainability assessment and measurement. The novelty of the content analysis is that it has been accomplished using an automated process of keyword extraction from the systematically selected literature using a Python-implementation of the popular Rapid Automatic Keyword Extraction (RAKE) algorithm. Finally, the paper proposes a pentagram that successfully incorporates five dimensions of sustainability: environmental, economic, social, institutional and cultural, with an overarching component of innovation likely to have an impact on each due to technological advancements and future trends. The outcome of this model will be a basic framework within which indicators can be assigned for assessing the sustainability of the NLUCs. 続きを見る
73.

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Liu, Qiang ; Homma, Riken ; Iki, Kazuhisa
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  8  pp.118-130,  2020-04-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062353
概要: Public bicycle sharing systems for daily use have been effective for increasing cycling in China, which can significantl y ease traffic congestion and the production of toxic gasses. Encouraging the development of bicycle transportation has become an important part of cities’ sustainable development policies. This paper explains the relationships among public bicycle trips,public infrastructure, road characteristics, the built environment, and temporal variations. The study area is the Xiasha Education District, which is located in the east of Hangzhou City, China. Using data on the Hangzhou Public Bicycle system, we utilized Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression modelling to analyse how the variables affect public bicycle trip production for different land uses. This paper also analyses the temporal variations for hourly trip production for three land uses. The results show that public infrastructure and road characteristics significantly affect public bicycle trips. In addition,the effects of temporal variation vary across different land uses. Our findings will be helpful for planners and engineers to improve their understanding of public bicycle production. 続きを見る
74.

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Naing, Naidah ; Hadi, Karim
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  8  pp.1-15,  2020-07-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062354
概要: Purpose: Several studies have been conducted on the concept of Bugis community house construction to understand its macr o- and micro-cosmology. This study was, however, conducted to complement the multi-perception research on the relationship between architecture and local wisdom by disclosing the formation of residential space plans. This involved the use of the Bugis house as the subject and the application of the horizontal and vertical philosophies’ perspectives based on the anatomical dimensions of a lying human body as its traditional architectural uniqueness. Research Design & Methodology: The study was conducted qualitatively in Talungeng Village, Bone Regency, Indonesia, for a period of one year, 2018–2019, using the case study approach, phenomenology, and ethnography model. Data were collected through several eligible informants and analyzed using the Discovering Cultural Themes method by associating studies with architecture. Results & Findings: This study showed the horizontal spatial organization and relations in the Bugis house plan derive from the philosophy and function of human body parts in a lying position, which is believed to be a means to provide protection and comfort for residents, while the vertical aspect involves the use of the house frame as the central pillar in proportion to the whole structure. The adoption of the human body as the framework is usually to provide mutual support for the building structure and to ensure it has enough strength to mitigate against earthquakes, floods, and strong winds. 続きを見る
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Yılmaz, Merve ; Terzi, Fatih
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  8  pp.16-33,  2020-07-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062355
概要: Urban growth patterns are a reflection of how urbanization is affected by physical geography as well as by the economic, social, and natural factors of individual cities. Therefore, an analysis of any urban growth pattern triggered by these factors by using measurable variables can make a significant contribution towards the determination of future spatial growth strategies. This paper aims to characterise and evaluate the urban growth pattern of Antalya, a coastal city in Turkey, that occurred between 1987 and 2016. To achieve this, a multi-temporal analysis of satellite images was carried out to determine the city’s urban growth patterns in 1987, 2000, and 2016, and spatial growth indices were then used to identify three urban growth types – sprawl, infill, and leapfrog. The results clearly show that the amount of built-up area in Antalya increased considerably after 2000, and is estimated to have grown by a factor of eight over the period covered by this study, predominantly through the processes of sprawl and leapfrog development. 続きを見る
76.

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Rudiarto, Iwan ; Pamungkas, Dony
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  8  pp.34-53,  2020-07-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062356
概要: Climate-related disasters such as floods and tidal floods impact livelihood systems in coastal areas everywhere, particu larly in developing countries, resulting in a certain degree of livelihood vulnerability. In this paper, we examine the spatial exposure and livelihood vulnerability level of Tegal, a city in Central Java, Indonesia. Data were collected from 100 household samples distributed in the study area. Two types of assessment were performed: a spatial assessment with distance analysis and a vulnerability assessment using the Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI). The results of the study show that 33.80% of the settlement area and 22.25% of the fishery area are vulnerable to tidal floods. Climate-related disasters also threaten 32.20% of the households sampled, whose members work mostly as fishermen and rely on coastal resources for their livelihood. A key finding of the study is that the community is highly vulnerable with a low adaptive capacity level. This calls for more decisive policy interventions to enhance the community’s adaptive capacity and reduce its exposure level. 続きを見る
77.

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Zaim, Zaflis ; Rudiarto, Iwan ; Buchori, Imam ; Wahyudi, Ade
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  8  pp.54-67,  2020-07-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062357
概要: Customary land tenure associated with land administration systems have begun to receive attention through research. A re cent study discusses the practice of land release to gain insight into the forces that underpin transformation of customary land rights. However, few studies address the ability to negotiate and adapt to customary land tenure. This study fills this gap, especially the utilisation of Bengkok land as village-owned land and explores the knowledge that drives changes in customary land management rights in Indrokilo sub-village. Data were collected through surveys and interviews addressed to respondents as Bengkok land users and key actors. The results of the study indicate that the change in Bengkok Bayan’s land management rights to collective rights of farmer groups has been affected by four conditions, namely: the vacancy of the village official (Bayan), the village land leasing system, sanitation programme socialisation, and resident participation. The aspirations of the farmer groups are accommodated by the village government in the form of a village head's decree and the terms of land rent compensation. Adaptation of farmers, farmer groups and village government is manifested in the form of land use arrangements as Kandang kawasan (cattle pen), separation of cattle pens and houses, as well as Bengkok land rental systems. Changing the Bengkok land management rights for communal interests requires legal strengthening through regional regulations in order to recognise the existence of farmer groups, promote justice, and reduce poverty for the sustainability of suburban area development. 続きを見る
78.

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Zhan, Qingming ; Gao, Sihang ; Xiao, Yinghui ; Yang, Chen ; Wu, Yihan ; Fan, Zhiyu ; Wu, Jiaqi ; Zhan, Meng
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  8  pp.68-86,  2020-07-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062358
概要: There has been a growing interest in finding mitigation measures for urban heat islands and urban pollution islands that focus mainly on urban landscape mechanisms. However, relatively little research has considered spatial non-stationarity and temporal non-stationarity, which are both intrinsic properties of the environmental system, simultaneously. At the same time, the relevance of and differences between the thermal environment and air pollution has also been rarely discussed, and both issues are of great importance to urban planning. In this study, which is aimed at improving urban ventilation to reduce the urban heat island and urban pollution island effects, an urban ventilation potential evaluation, land surface temperature time-series clustering and air pollution source identification are comprehensively applied to identify the operational areas, compensation areas and ventilation corridors in Xiangyang, China, thus bridging the gap between academic research and urban planning. The specific research areas include: (1) defining the operational areas for urban ventilation corridor planning through an urban ventilation potential evaluation featuring urban morphology indicators, land surface temperature time-series clustering with k-means and an urban air pollution source diffusion analysis via the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) methods; (2) identifying urban cold islands through land surface temperatures and delimiting the compensation areas in urban ventilation corridor planning; (3) designating urban ventilation corridors through an urban ventilation potential evaluation and computational fluid dynamics (CFD); and (4) improving urban ventilation corridor planning through defining operational areas, compensation areas and ventilation corridors as well as proposing corresponding control measures. 続きを見る
79.

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Soltani, Sahar ; Gu, Ning ; Ochoa, J. Jorge ; Sivam, Alpana ; Sun, Xuyang
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  8  pp.87-100,  2020-07-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062359
概要: A large body of research has focused on the various social, environmental and economic ways in which urban density might affect cities. When considering density as one of the elements of urban form, the measurements that studies usually apply, such as net or gross building density, do not have any link to the design of the built form. This paper argues that the same building density can yield different design layouts, thereby emphasising the need for developing other measurements of density in close relationship with design factors. To demonstrate this, several cases with various ranges of density (low, medium and high) were explored through spatial analysis and categorised in three clusters for further study with statistical tests. The results confirm meaningful differences between cases with the same density but different spatial design characteristics. The outcomes also indicate that the category of the cases based on conventional density measures, namely population density and building density (which are commonly used in urban studies), fail to capture design differences when density ranges differ. These results should draw attention to this phenomenon, which appears worthy of further investigation in future studies. 続きを見る
80.

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Shi, Peipei ; Xiao, Yinghui ; Zhan, Qingming
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  8  pp.101-121,  2020-07-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062360
概要: Advanced technologies and big data have brought new visions and methods to urban planning research. Based on the Baidu heat map and POI data of two typical days (a weekend day and a workday) in 2018, this paper analyses the spatial and temporal aggregation patterns of crowds in the urban centre of Wuhan using ArcGIS. Aggregation patterns are defined by the intensity of population activities and the places where crowds gather. In terms of time, the daily change of population aggregation intensity is studied by counting the heat value of 24 moments captured throughout the day. The results show that on rest days, people prefer to travel around noon and in the afternoon, reaching the highest peak of the day around 15:00, while on workdays, residents' activities are affected by commuting, with obvious 'morning rush hours' and 'evening rush hours'. Firstly, the spatial correlation between the density of POI distribution and the degree of population aggregation has been studied by the spatial coupling relationship between the Baidu heat map and POI data. Secondly, the index of correlation between the aggregation of different POIs and population (ICPP) are mentioned to analyse the purposes and the degrees of aggregation during weekend and workday rush hours. Based on the ICPP, we analyse activities from three aspects: the different ICPPs between the workday and the weekend; the different ICPPs between the morning, afternoon and evening; and the different ICPPs among different POIs. 続きを見る
81.

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Ayça, Hatice Türkan ; Erdugan, Funda ; Aldemir, Süleyman
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  8  pp.1-15,  2020-10-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062361
概要: Health studies are important for the evaluation of health services and the improvement of poor conditions as well as for the determination of the development levels of countries. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the spatial patterns of infant mortality, which is considered an indicator of health conditions, in Turkey between 2011 and 2016. The existence of global autocorrelation was first studied using the infant mortality rate, the standardised mortality ratio, and the infant mortality rate which was corrected by Bayes smoothers. Local spatial autocorrelation analysis was performed to determine statistically significant hot spots or clusters in infant mortality. It was determined that the spatial distribution between 2011 and 2016 was not coincidental, and aggregation tendency and spatial dependence were observed in the data. According to local spatial statistics, spatial differences of South-eastern Anatolia and Eastern Anatolia regions appeared in Turkey in terms of infant mortality. Furthermore, the factors related to the infant mortality rate were considered. It was found that the age of marriage for women, the net schooling rates of females in secondary education, the number of midwives, and the gross domestic product (GDP) were related to infant mortality rates. It is important to determine different associated factors in the provinces with high infant mortality rates found in this study and to develop an understanding of what can be done to prevent infant mortality in the future. In the South-eastern Anatolia and Eastern Anatolia regions, it is necessary to produce and implement policies with the scope of reducing the infant mortality rate. 続きを見る
82.

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Medved, Primož ; Kim, Jung In ; Ursic, Matjaz
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  8  pp.16-37,  2020-10-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062362
概要: In general, urban social sustainability has received little recognition in built environment disciplines. To comprehend the social dimensions of sustainable urban design, an understanding of urban planning features is required which takes into consideration the engagement of the local community. The article focuses on the impact that intense sustainable urban transformation has on localities in East Asia and Europe. The comparative research is based on a study of four large-scale urban sustainable cases in Northeast Asia (eco-cities “Sino-German Ecopark” in Qingdao, China; and “Pangyo” in Seongnam, Korea) and Europe (sustainable neighbourhoods “Vauban” in Freiburg, Germany; and “Hammarby Sjöstad” in Stockholm, Sweden). The research focuses on the connections and interactions between sustainable urban design and aspects of urban social sustainability. The paper represents an effort to unravel the social dimensions of eco-cities / sustainable neighbourhood projects by investigating how sustainable urban development is articulated and manifested in Europe and Northeast Asia. The final research output consists of the identification of sustainable urban design elements (e.g. community centres, plazas, parks and green zones, etc.) and policies (e.g. affordable housing accessible, public transportation, diversity of housing typologies, etc.) that could enforce the “urban social sustainability”. The conclusive analysis offers a source of inspiration and potential policy orientations for cities that are in the process of sustainable transformation. 続きを見る
83.

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Liu, Jian ; Xu, Gaofeng
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  8  pp.38-57,  2020-10-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062363
概要: Since the reform and opening-up of China, the nation’s rural development has been accompanied by a series of land reform policies, largely concerning agricultural land, homestead land and rural construction land. Have rural land reform policies achieved their original objectives and contributed to the socio-economic and spatial development of rural China? To answer these questions, this paper examines the case of Qidu Town of Suzhou, Jiangsu Province and conducts a three-step analysis of the effectiveness of both national- and local-level rural land reform policies. It first reviews the policies to clarify their economic, social and spatial objectives. It then quantitatively analyses the economic, social and spatial performance of these policies in Qidu Town since 1998; this analysis is performed with economic, social and land-use data and quantitative-analysis methods. Finally, it assesses the policies’ effectiveness by comparing their objectives with the results of the quantitative analyses. It concludes that at both the national and local levels, the effectiveness of land reform policies has varied across different periods, across different measures, and between one another. The reason for this variation rests predominantly on the attitudes of the affected villages and villagers. By taking the town, China’s basic administrative unit, as the research object and bringing spatial performance into policy effectiveness, this research seeks to develop a methodology for objective and accurate assessments of the effectiveness of rural land reform policies. 続きを見る
84.

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Puteri, Fitriaty ; Iwan, Setiawan Basri ; Alam, Saiful ; Andi, Jiba Rifai Bassaleng
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  8  pp.58-74,  2020-10-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062364
概要: A design shift of houses from traditional to modern is not only driven by personal preferences about modern living and the need for new spaces, but also about the availability and durability of building materials. Changes in building materials, especially on the roof, will modify the thermal conditions in the interior of the building. This study compared the thermal performance of resistive and reflective building materials in tropical coastal areas. An empirical study was carried out to measure external and internal thermal conditions in two vernacular houses located in the coastal area of Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The sample houses were traditional raised floor houses which present two different types of roofing material, namely sago thatch roof (resistive material) and corrugated zinc sheet roof (reflective material). The outcomes indicated that the resistive material has more advantages in controlling the internal conditions than the reflective material. This state is due to its porous material characteristics which can supply a low air temperature to the house and release air humidity to the external environment. 続きを見る
85.

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Pongprasert, Pornraht
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  8  pp.75-90,  2020-10-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062365
概要: This research is aimed at understanding the factors affecting whether residents choose residential locations near transi t stations as well as the rail service use of residents within 3 km of a station. The research outcomes are expected to contribute insight, for urban planners and real estate developers, in particular, into important factors regarding increasing the number of station-area residents who use rail transit in their daily travel. This research, which collected the data from a questionnaire survey, found that among 624 respondents in total, 68% are station-area residents who live within 1 km of a station, while 32% are residents who live far from a station (1–3 km). A hierarchical binary logistic regression model is used to describe the factors affecting the choices of residents to live within 1 km of stations as well as rail service use in general. The main variables used in the model estimation are socioeconomics, travel behaviours, workplace location characteristics and the proximity of residences to outdoor activities in a transit-oriented development. 続きを見る
86.

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Boumezoued, Sara ; Bada, Yassine ; Bougdah, Hocine
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  8  pp.91-108,  2020-10-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062366
概要: Consideration of the five senses and emotions is not well explored in the urban environment. Different fields deal with the influence of the physical environment on human experience. However, the role of the multi-sensory experience and affectivity in selecting the itinerary for pedestrian mobility is not yet well studied. Several methods have been proposed to evaluate the correlation between pedestrian movement and the environmental configuration, where the visual parameter is the main determinant. Given that other senses could be used to select any itinerary, since the urban environment is perceived at a multisensory level, the aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between people’s multisensory experience and their navigation in an urban environment in terms of itinerary choice. This study is carried out on the streets linking the city centre to the seafront in Bejaia, Algeria. The investigation was based on qualitative and quantitative methods. The former consists of the organised walk with running commentary technique. The latter consisted of a syntactic analysis of the street pattern. The results show that people choose their itinerary not only on the visual aspect created by the spatial configuration, but also on several variables related to the affectivity and multi-sensory experiences of the urban environment. The findings will be discussed with regard to their usefulness for the design and development of urban publics spaces. 続きを見る
87.

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Batty, Michael
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  9  pp.1-9,  2021-01-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062367
概要: Demographic growth and the continued evolution of cities call for a new approach to better observe and research our understanding of cities. A new science based on big data, urban modelling and network theory is emerging, providing a different and rather new perspective for planners and decision-makers so that they might learn about both current and future cities. In this article, the new science is briefly introduced from four aspects: Aggregate dynamics; Form and function; High frequency cities; and New tools & techniques for planning. Examples are given to show how this new science illustrates the real-time city, as well as the structure and functional boundaries of a city, while future practice and further exploration of this new science in urban planning and policy making are explored. 続きを見る
88.

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Liu, Li-Wei ; Shiu, Yi-Shiang ; Lin, Ying-Chen
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  9  pp.10-12,  2021-01-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062368
89.

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Acosta, Guacaneme Sandra ; Diaz, Diaz Freddy
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  9  pp.13-29,  2021-01-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062369
概要: Characterized by rich natural resources, pristine and unspoiled landscapes, Colombia has never fully developed its eco-t ourism potential mainly due to a complex interrelation of factors, such as geographic and eco-systemic complexity, a deficit in infrastructure, state oversight, social-economic issues, and, to a large extent, its five-decade armed conflict. Progress and development have mainly been focused on the Caribbean coast and its main ports and some specific spots in the mountains, where the main capital and other important cities are located, but the plains (llanos) and the jungles, particularly remote regions, have been marginalized and prioritized less, having little or non-existent infrastructure. The primary focus of the study is the Piedemonte llanero of the eastern mountain ranges, located in the Orinoquia region. The framework of this research will discuss the theoretical approach for ecotourism and the different elements used for the definition of landscape patterns: the corridor, and those to be applied in terms of policies to the areas of study. This paper, in particular, aims to examine the landscape component in relation to the environmental factor of the areas in focus which are Monterey, Casanare and Lejanias, Meta. After some visits, recognizing these as attractive study cases, and a detailed planimetric study, the importance of the landscape in relation to the existing series of spatial patterns of Piedmonte llanero, where ecotourism could become an opportunity for the local communities along the jungle’s marginal road, a transnational connection, is recognized. The first case to be studied is the whole hydrological complex of the Algarroba waterfalls in Monterey and the Guejar River in Lejanias, Mesetas, describing, characterizing and comparing two nodes of interest along the route. After this research, a conclusion is drawn to compare and highlight the role of the different landscape patterns and the possibility to use other tools in the planification of the territory. 続きを見る
90.

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Tsuang, Hui-Chun ; Wu, Ko-Chiu ; Peng, Kuang-Hui
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  9  pp.30-46,  2021-01-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062370
概要: Community participation is the foundation of a community’s healthy environment and sustainable development. Social housi ng can provide people without their own homes and underprivileged groups with more secure conditions to live and work and thereby realize housing justice and reduce social vulnerability. In terms of community management, residents’ engagement in community affairs can dramatically reduce the subsequent burden of environmental maintenance and community management, which encourage residents in the community to actively pass on the habit of maintenance and to collectively create resilient and sustainable communities. However, lease term restrictions in Taiwan’s social housing policy stipulates that ordinary tenants can only rent the house for 6 years at a maximum and tenants with special conditions for 12. This study attempts to understand whether lease term restrictions affect residents’ willingness to participate in community affairs. In addition, we also try to find out how to motivate residents to participate in community construction under the existence of lease term restrictions. The scope of this study focuses on citizens who qualified to rent social housing in the Greater Taipei area (including Taipei City and New Taipei). We designed a questionnaire for our target audience, tested its reliability and validity and picked random-selected samples to finish the questionnaire. Analyzing from the perspective of Egoism, we find out that the result of this research shows that residents do not commonly avoid participation in community affairs. Although lease term restrictions do have some effects on residents' willingness to participate, they are still willing to participate since issues of safety and environmental quality have a direct impact on their lives. However, the residents’ chief consideration is how time spent in participation affects one’s time. Also, though substantial returning benefit is not the main consideration when deciding whether to participate, it does effectively boost residents’ willingness. Furthermore, community member relations is found to have a positive correlation with their willingness to participate. 続きを見る
91.

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論文
Ching-His, Chen Tsai ; Song, Lih-Yau ; Peng, Kuang-Hui
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  9  pp.47-63,  2021-01-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062371
概要: Since 1999, the ‘Community Planner System’ in Taipei has mainly used community awareness to intervene in communities and to strengthen and implement local autonomy and governance through the integration of community differences. Community awareness positively influences the construction of resilient communities, especially when a community encounters environmental distress or various disorderly phenomena. This case study focuses on community planners in Datong District stationed at ‘Changji Corner’ and the community members they serve. A quantitative study was conducted using a structural questionnaire. The purposes of the study were (1) to understand the relationship among community awareness, involvement and autonomy and (2) to determine whether community autonomy is affected by community planners. All hypotheses were accepted: community identity and participation improve community autonomy, and local community planners significantly and positively impact community identity, involvement and autonomy. However, some values indicate that the public’s awareness of community planners is weak, which in turn affects willingness to participate in community activities. The unclear positions and ambiguous duties of community planners can affect the construction of resilient communities. 続きを見る
92.

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Wikantiyoso, Respati ; Diyah, Sukanti Cahyaningsih ; Aditya, Galih Sulaksono ; Widayati, Sri ; Poerwoningsih, Dina ; Triyosoputri, Etikawati
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  9  pp.64-77,  2021-01-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062372
概要: This discussion aims to find a sustainable community-based development model through a multi-stakeholder participatory a pproach. Rural planning in Indonesia has undergone significant changes in the last decade. Community-based development and participation is now an established agricultural development planning policy. Community participation produces planning and design decisions based on community needs, priorities, and affordability which often results in better and more realistic designs, plans, and programmes. In the development of kampung tourism, implementing community participation can reduce cost, increase the use of local resources, and socially empower the community. Kampong Grangsil is a hamlet of hardworking and civic-minded flower farmers. These farmers and members of their community organized and developed their village into a tourism destination that they named Kampoeng Boenga Grangsil (KBG) – Grangsil Flower Village. The high level of community participation as well as a Villages Partner Development Programme, made possible through the collaboration of village governments and university research teams, succeeded in making KBG into what it is today. Mentoring, through in-situ assistance (in Grangsil) and ex-situ assistance (at the Campus and Woodcraft Gallery), was carried out to strengthen resources. Throughout the mentoring programme, the research team acted as both a mediator and facilitator for developing Grangsil into an environmentally-friendly tourism destination. The role and involvement of mediators in the participatory development process increased the ability of communities to organize and build sustainable villages. 続きを見る
93.

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Pamungkas, Adjie ; Purwitaningsih, Santika
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  9  pp.78-92,  2021-01-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062373
概要: Spatial plans are key instruments in directing future developments and reducing a city’s flash flood risk. This study co nducts a surface runoff simulation using SWAT analysis in the Kedurus catchment area. SWAT analysis is a hydrological analysis to measure surface runoff from precipitation with consideration of land uses, soil types, climatic data, topography and related infrastructure systems. Based on the simulation, four sub-catchment areas are currently experiencing flash flooding. Surabaya’s detailed spatial plan (RDTR) could reduce the total flood volume in the city by fifty-one per cent if all measures (drainage and other infrastructures) in the plan are implemented successfully. Nevertheless, the implementation of the measures is still questionable due to limited budget and land acquisition. In the case of plan failure, the planned developments will cause higher surface runoff, putting Surabaya is at higher risk of flooding. Therefore, Surabaya needs to diversify its flash flood risk reduction approach to ensure that the plan will achieve a low-risk city in the future. 続きを見る
94.

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Chen, Shulin ; Akita, Noriko
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  9  pp.93-106,  2021-01-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062374
概要: With the rapid development of China's urbanization, the gap between the development level of China's cities and villages is becoming more and more obvious. The rapid increase in the urban population has aggravated the utilization of urban land resources. While rural areas have a large number of residential land, the population is decreasing year by year, which presents great potential for development. How to coordinate the relationship between urban and rural areas has become an important issue in China. In recent years, the Chinese government has made a series of attempts in the peri-urbanization areas between cities and villages. In 2017, based on the project named New Pastoralism, the central government in China put forward a planning mode named Rural Complex, which retains the local residents and forms a community to attract new residents, also with the aid of tourism to attract consumers from the city. As a pilot project, New Pastoralism has been operating for several years. As a pilot scheme, it brings some good effects but it also has some defects, especially in its management. Meanwhile there are few studies on its management, operation, and its effects on urban-rural development in China.This paper will take the New Pastoralism project as an example, studying its defects as well as the positive influence of its planning, construction, operation, and management modes based on the related policies, to discusses whether the Rural Complex can play a positive role in coordinating urban-rural development in China. 続きを見る
95.

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Moon, Tae-Heon
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  9  pp.1-4,  2021-04-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062375
96.

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Baek, Yoonjee ; Joo, Heesun
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  9  pp.5-23,  2021-04-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062376
概要: South Korea’s urban renewal policy emphasizes resident participation and multidimensional activities. This study identif ies the determinants of resident satisfaction with five urban renewal projects implemented in South Gyeongsang Province, Changwon, Gimhae (Gaya, Jangyu), Sacheon, and Miryang. Multiple regression analysis was utilized for survey data from these five areas. Results reveal that the resident satisfaction was positively influenced by 1) the level of the resident’s opinions reflected in the project, 2) the expectations for improving the local economy, 3) the level of satisfaction with living environments, 4) the importance of improving neighbourly relations, and 5) the level of satisfaction with public hearings/discussions in the decreasing order of severity. Meanwhile, the 1) the need for urban renewal projects, 2) the importance of tourist visits, 3) the importance of improving living environments, and 4) the level of satisfaction with recreational/sports facilities negatively affected resident satisfaction with urban renewal projects in the decreasing order of severity. The aforementioned factors have significant implications to promote practical resident participation in the establishment of renewal strategies tailored to the regional contexts of South Gyeongsang Province. 続きを見る
97.

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Tae-Hyoung, Tommy Gim
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  9  pp.24-40,  2021-04-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062377
概要: Research on happiness determinants began in the 1970s in such fields as psychology and economics. While they tended to f ocus on individual variables, they have recently expanded to the built environment. Regarding the built environment, transportation systems—as opposed to land use—were mostly studied in relation to the transient happiness of satisfaction from one trip rather than overall happiness based on life satisfaction. By controlling for well-researched happiness determinants (i.e., the individual’s psychological and economic variables), this study sought to explore how the built environment, especially transportation system variables, affect overall happiness. To this aim, we used a partial least squares regression model with a total of 61 research variables and tested it using data from a 2018 Seoul survey (n = 5,515 household heads). Through using the 2018 data, we could evaluate the environment for cyclists and pedestrians, and taxi, subway, and bus users. Based on the analytical results, this study concludes that to promote happiness, the government would do well to implement marketing/branding strategies to heighten the identity of, and attachment for, the city (i.e., to increase the pride its citizens feel in calling it their home), and to improve transportation infrastructure for better mobility and accessibility (of motorized—rather than nonmotorized—transportation, particularly taxis and buses). Between nonmotorized transport methods, the pedestrian environment is more important in urban centers than in residential neighborhoods, and the cycling environment is largely considered less significant. These overall happiness-related findings on transportation systems stand in contrast to those from studies on transient happiness from a single trip. 続きを見る
98.

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論文
Han, Hoon ; Kim, Sumin ; Mee, Youn Jin ; Pettit, Chris
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  9  pp.41-61,  2021-04-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062378
概要: This paper examined the impact of providing affordable rental housing through inner-city urban renewal projects in Australia. Providing affordable rental housing for lower-income households remains a challenge for planners, builders, policymakers and residents alike. Government intervention for inclusionary zoning in Australia has enhanced affordable housing supply but has also generated negative impacts such as NIMBY-ism, decreasing house price and urban sprawl. This study conducted in-depth interviews with housing and planning experts in affordable housing projects in Australia and evaluated the barriers and opportunities of providing affordable rental housing as stand-alone projects, or as part of urban renewal projects. This study found several existing challenges such as limited longevity of related policies and limited financing sources for renewal projects. The findings inform policymakers that the existing housing affordability issue can be tackled by adopting more innovative approaches such as negative gearing. 続きを見る
99.

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論文
Xu, Xizi ; Akita, Noriko
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  9  pp.62-75,  2021-04-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062379
概要: Vast populations have spread into cities and contributed to urban sprawl in China. Rural villages have not had enough ti me to self-renew and become directly involved in the urban fabric. As a result, rural villages have become urbanized. Throughout the shockingly speedy process of urbanization in China over the past four decades, the urban village has played an irreplaceable role in the city by accommodating a vast number of migrants, thus mitigating the problem of the increasing shortage of housing brought about by rapid urbanization. However, the long-standing, controversial question of how to renovate urban villages remains due to their unique characteristics. In recent years, instead of demolition, Shenzhen renew the urban villages by renovating the original village buildings (which are 7–8 stories tall) and converting them into rental apartments, as the planning policy of comprehensive renovation (zonghezhengzhi). Could the comprehensive renovation be applied to urban villages in the north of the country? In this study, we found that the formation mechanism and development of urban villages in the north and south are similar, and the challenges and contradictions in the process of transformation are alike. However, there are differences in spatial form and architectural style. The typical urban village in Beijing shows the form of quadrangular houses two stories tall or less in the north is relatively low in terms of building volume ratio. In addition, the spatial form is related to the commercial form of the urban village and also influences the income consisting of the villagers' collective share and rental income, which is derived from fixed assets (e.g. houses, factory buildings). In turn, spatial and commercial form affects the cost of the mode of transformation (demolition/redevelopment or integrated transformation). Therefore, we believe that regional differences in physical space should not be ignored in policy decisions and that different criteria should be considered and applied under different local policies. 続きを見る
100.

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論文
Lin, Yong ; Shen, Zhenjiang ; Teng, Xiao
出版情報: International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development = International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development.  9  pp.76-93,  2021-04-15.  International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development / SPSD Press
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2297/00062380
概要: In the smart city planning based on spatiotemporal big data, the mobile phone signaling big data is the most commonly used data source at the moment. This kind of big data has time and space dimensions and also significant human behavior attributes. According to the relevant Chinese law, the data has been anonymized before sharing, i.e. cannot be identified as a specific individual and cannot be restored again, thus is no longer regarded as personal information. In smart city planning, the mobile phone signaling big data is used to construct the basic dynamic analysis framework of "space-time-behavior". Even if the mobile phone signaling big data has been processed anonymously, it will inevitably show some specific location attribute information of mobile phone users. The anonymous track information can be matched to the corresponding geographical space, so as to mark the active location information of the information subject in a specific period of time. It can easily identify the specific location information such as the job and residence of mobile phone user, and even give user portrait. Existing technology shows that the mobile phone signaling big data is easy to be de-anonymized, and Anonymity rule are not applicable to the sharing of mobile phone signaling big data in the smart city planning. Mobile phone signaling big data belongs to personal sensitive information. Once leaked or abused, it is easy to infringe personal privacy of information subject. Therefore, only using current anonymization means to share the mobile phone signaling big data are not enough to protect the security of personal information in smart city planning, and sharing the mobile phone signaling big data should follow the basic principle of explicit informed consent. In special circumstances or scenarios, breaking through the basic principle of the mobile phone signaling big data sharing should have clear legal provisions and comply with legal procedures. 続きを見る