ナホトカ号流出重油の日本海沿岸海域微生物による分解性

フォーマット:

論文

責任表示:

小森, 正樹 ; 芹川, 俊彦 ; 庄田, 丈夫 ; 中村, 嘉利 ; 澤田, 達郎 ; 丸山, 明彦 ; 東原, 孝規

言語:

日本語

出版情報:

日本環境化学会 = Japan Society for Environmental Chemistry, 1998-01-01

著者名:

小森, 正樹

芹川, 俊彦

庄田, 丈夫

中村, 嘉利

澤田, 達郎

丸山, 明彦

東原, 孝規

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掲載情報:

環境化学 = journal of environmental chemistry

ISSN:

0917-2408      

巻:

8

通号:

4

開始ページ:

787

終了ページ:

796

バージョン:

publisher

概要:

ナホトカ号重油, その漂着油および油砂について石川県沿岸の現場海水を用いて微生物分解実験やバイオレメデェーションの基礎的実験を行い, また, 同時に沿岸海域における石油分解細菌の分布密度を調査し, 以下の結果を得た。 (1) 石油分解細菌の密度は102～101MPN/100mlであり, (2) 石油の分解率は海水中の窒素やリン源の濃度によって大きく変化し, 窒素やリンの添加によって約2倍まで増加した。 (3) 重油成分ごとの分解性では, ジクロロメタン抽出物はn-ヘキサン抽出 … 物に比べて分解されにくい。個々の成分における分解性は炭素数が24以下のn-パラフィン有機硫黄化合物 (ジベンゾチオフェン) , ベンゾ (a) ピレン, ピレン, フルオランテンが分解されやすく, クリセンやベンゾ (k) フルオランテンは分解されにくく, 全パラフィン, ジベンゾチオフェン, ベンゾ (a) ピレン, ピレン, フルオランテンの培養38日における分解率はそれぞれ62%, 100%, 63%, 68%, 81%であった. The oil-tanker, Nakhodka was wrecked in the Sea of Japan in January, 1997. The oil-spill from the vessel's damaged tanks polluted the coastline of Ishikawa prefecture. In order to evaluate the oil-degrading potential of coastal areas and to develop bioremediation techniques, surveys the distribution and numbers of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria (HDB) and degradation of spilled oil by micriobial populations in sea water at the oil-polluted sites of Ishikawa were carried out. The numbers of HDB ranged from 102-104 MPN 100 ml-1 of sea water during the 11 months after the spill at 2 sampling points. In the laboratory experiments, degradation activity of the Nakhodka's heavy fuel oil, spilled oil and weathering oil attached to sand by microbial populations in sea water was examined on the basis on the rate of reduction of the components in heavy oils. In regards to oil-biodegrading ability, the percentage and rate of reduction was 17 % and 3.3g/m3 sea water/day on weight of exracts with dichloromethane and 33% and 5.2g/m3 sea water day on weight of extracts with n-hexan-extract, respectively. The addition of nutrients (N, P) enhanced the biodegradation of the Nakhodka's heavy fuel oil and the spilled oil by microbial populations in sea water. Adding nutrients to the sea water sample doubled rate of reduction of exracts with n-hexane from the Nakhodka's heavy fuel oil and spilled as compared to those without nutrients. Concerning the components of heavy oils, the decomposition percentages of n-paraffins, dibenzothiophene, pyrene, fluoranthene were 62 %, 100 %, 63 %, 68 % and 81 % respectively after 38 days of incubation at 20 °C.. In conclusion, it is suggested that biostimulation treatment by adding nutrients would be able to accelerate oil removal from oil-polluted coasts. 続きを見る

URL:

http://hdl.handle.net/2297/39398