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論文 |
論文
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早川, 和一 ; 木津, 良一 ; 安藤, 京子 ; 村橋, 毅 ; 東, 成見 ; 山本, 茂樹 ; 長谷川, 幸司 ; 中浜, 慶子 ; 山下, 克美 ; 松本, 健 ; 後藤, 純雄
概要:
「ナホトカ号」から抜き取った重油, 環境試料 (大気, 漂着重油, 海水) 中の芳香族成分をGC/MS, 蛍光検出HPLCで定着した。重油からはベンゼン, トルエン, エチルベンゼン, キシレン, ナフタレン, アセナフテン, フルオレン,
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アントラセン, フルオランテン, ピレン, ベンツ [a] アントラセン, クリセン, ベンゾ [b] フルオランテン, ベンゾ [k] フルオランテン, ベンゾ [a] ピレン, ジベンツ [a, h] アントラセン, ベンゾ [ghi] ペリレンが検出された。 大気中ベンゼン, トルエン, キシレン, ナフタレン濃度は有毒なレベルより遥かに低かった。しかし, モデル実験から重油流出直後はベンゼン, トルエン, キシレン, ナフタレン濃度は高いことが推定された。漂着重油中のナフタレン濃度は低下傾向が認められたが, ピレン, ベンゾ [a] ピレン濃度はほとんど同じであった。ナフタレンの減少は揮散のためと考えられた。また, 海岸砂中の多環芳香族炭化水素類の組成は漂着重油中のそれと類似していた。ベンゾ [a] ピレンの海水中濃度は低下傾向を示した。 重油の変異原性, DNA損傷についても調べた。重油はSalmonella typhimurium TA98及びTA100株に対し間接変異原性を示した。また, 重油で処理するとヒトFL細胞中でp53遺伝子を活性化させることから, DNA損傷を引き起こすことが明らかとなった。 Aromatic hydrocarbons in the oil spilled from“the Nakhodka”and in the environmental samples including air, reached oil and sea water were determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometric detection and high-performance liquid chromatography/fluorescence detection. Aromatic hydrocarbons determined in the oil were as follows: benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benz [a] anthracene, chrysene, benzo [b] fluoranthene, benzo- [k] fluoranthene, benzo [a] pyrene, dibenz [a, h] anthracene and benzo [ghi] perylene. Concentrations of benzene, toluene, xylenes and naphthalene in the air collected at contaminated seashores were much lower than their toxic levels. However, a model experiment suggested that their concentrations in the air might be higher just after the oil spill. Although the naphthalene concentration in the reached oil samples tended to decrease with time, pyrene and benzo [a] pyrene concentrations were relatively constant. The decrease in naphthalene concentration in the reached oil samples was considered to be due to vaporization. Benzo [a] pyrene concentrations in sea water tended to decrease with time. The mutagenicity and DNA damage of the oil were assayed. The oil showed indirectacting mutagenicity in the Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 strains in the presence of S9 mix. Production of p53 protein was enhanced in human FL cells after the treatment with the oil, indicating that the oil caused DNA damage.
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論文 |
論文
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木津, 良一 ; 安藤, 京子 ; 早川, 和一
概要:
The Russian tanker Nakhodka met a hull-broken accident in sailing in the Sea of Japan on January 2, 1997, releasing approximately 6200 kl of heavy oil into the Sea of Japan. The spilled oil was driven by the prevailing winds and water
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currents and polluted the coastline from the Shimane Prefecture through the Yamagata Prefecture. While much effort was made to remove the reached oil, many workers engaged in oil-removing complained of an eyeache, giddiness, a headache, etc. These symptoms were considered to be caused by volatile chemicals in the oil. Although the greater part of the oiled coastline was cleaned shortly after the oil pollution, there is concern that sands, rocks and sea water of the shore were still contaminated with chemicals included in the oil. Furthermore, some part has remained not to be treated. Extensive scientific studies were conducted to 1) evaluate the influence of volatile chemicals in the spilled oil on the health of oil-removing workers, 2) assess the impact of the spill on the ecosystem, 3) where and how long the contamination by the oil or chemicals persists in the environment. This paper reviews the activities and researches made after the Nakhodka oil spill accident.
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