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図書
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by Michiel Kompier and Lennart Levi
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図書
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European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions
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図書
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edited by Earl A. Alluisi, Edwin A. Fleishman
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図書
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Fe Josefina F. Dy
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図書
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Lucien Brouha with a chapter by John A. Zapp, Jr.
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International Labour Office
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論文
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北岡, 和代
概要:
本稿の目的はバーンアウトに関する研究蓄積をレビューすることよりも、むしろバーンアウトの概念自体に焦点を当て、その変遷を辿ることにある。バーンアウトの概念のルーツは、この四半世紀に起きた幅広い社会的、経済的、文化的発展に深く根づいており、産業
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社会からサービス経済への急速で大規模な転換を伝えているように考えられる。このような社会的転換に際しては、バーンアウトという言葉で言い換えられる精神的なプレッシャーが伴う。21 世紀に入ってからは、バーンアウトは前向きであった精神状態の崩壊と見られるようになっていった。また、バーンアウトはグローバルな現象のように思われるが、その概念の意味は諸国間で異なっている。本稿により、バーンアウトの概念の正確な意味はその背景（文脈）とこの用語を用いる人々の意図により異なることを示す。<br />This paper discuses the concept of burnout itself, rather than reviewing research findings on burnout. The roots of the burnout concept seem to be embedded within broad social, economic, and cultural developments that took place over the last quarter of the previous century and signify the rapid and profound transformation from an industrial society into a service economy. This social transformation is accompanied by psychological pressures that may translate into burnout. After the turn of the century, burnout has increasingly been considered as erosion of a positive psychological state. Although burnout seems to be a global phenomenon, the meaning of the concept differs between countries. The paper documents the variation in exact meaning of the concept of burnout according to context and the intentions of those using the term.
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論文
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Kitaoka-Higashiguchi, Kazuyo ; Nakagawa, Hideaki ; Morikawa, Yuko ; Ishizaki, Masao ; Miura, Katsuyuki ; Naruse, Yuchi ; Kido, Teruhiko
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論文
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Morikawa, Yuko ; Kitaoka-Higashiguchi, Kazuyo ; Tanimoto, Chie ; Hayashi, Midori ; Oketani, Reiko ; Miura, Katsuyuki ; Nishijo, Muneko ; Nakagawa, Hideaki
概要:
The present study investigated the effects of job stress on cellular immune function, such as NK cell activity and NK cell subsets. The participants were 61 female nurses aged 23-59, who worked in a public psychiatric hospital in
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Ishikawa, Japan. Each subject completed the Nursing Job Stressor Scale (NJSS) and their NK cell activity and lymphocyte surface antigens (CD16+56+) were evaluated as immune system parameters. The NJSS has seven subscales: conflict with other nursing staff, nursing role conflict, conflict with physicians or autonomy, conflict with death or dying, quantitative work load, qualitative work load and conflict with patients. Factors influencing NK cell activity, and the proportion and cell counts of CD16+56+ lymphocytes were evaluated. Increase in quantitative work load significantly decreased NK cell activity. Conversely, no linear relationship was observed between qualitative work load and immunological variables, with the highest percentage of CD16+56+ lymphocytes observed among participants in the medium work load group. The other five NJSS subscales did not relate to immune parameters. In conclusion, the results suggest that perceived job strains, particularly quantitative work load, decreased NK cell function.
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