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by L.C.A. Knowles
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図書
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Pierre Gourou ; translated by S.H. Beaver
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edited by David R. Harris
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論文
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Song, Yifan ; Lau, Stephen Siu Yu
概要:
With increasing environmental damage, passive architectural design strategies, particularly natural ventilation strategi
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es, are essential techniques for architectural design to protect the environment. In order to improve human comfort and the health of the living environment, spaces for human activities are no longer bounded primarily by closed, indoor artificial spaces and have extended to open, semi-indoor naturally ventilated spaces. Singapore, located in the tropics, has a unique climate where the attention of the Singapore government to natural ventilation indicators in green building decision making, and application of natural ventilation tropical architecture, can be seen. This paper analyses the development of evaluation contents related to natural ventilation in the Singapore green building standard – Green Mark, studies typical naturally ventilated buildings and then proposes effective design strategies. The relationship between standards and cases are finally discussed to explore the differences from theory to practice, with a view to using suitable approaches and methods to encourage natural ventilation design, thus promoting the green building movement and achieving sustainability.
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論文
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Suzuki, Kunio ; 鈴木, 邦雄
概要:
[論文] Article
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論文
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中村, 浩二 ; Nakamura, koji
概要:
1.目的:生息環境の特性と生活史進化の相互関係を分析するために,インドネシアのジャワとスマトラに降雨条件や海抜高度の異なる調査地を設定し,(1)昆虫の野外個体群の季節動態をモニタリング,(2)室内飼育と実験的解析による温度適応,休眠形質,光
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周反応,ストレス抵抗性を比較した.2.調査地:西ジャワ州のボゴール,チボダス,東ジャワ州プルヴォダディの各植物園と,スマトラ西部州内のパダン,スカラミの各実験圃場での野外調査と室内実験を実施した.3.調査対象種:マダラテントウ類,ジンガサハムシ類,ショウジョウバエ類,コオロギ類,アリ類など.4.主要な成果(1)ジャワとスマトラから26種のマダラテントウを記録し,食草などの自然史的データを示した.(2)インドネシアと日本の21種のマダラテントウ類の産卵数,産卵習性を記録した.(3)熱帯(インドネシア),亜熱帯(沖縄),温帯(広島)のニジュウヤホシテントウE.vigintioctopunctataの休眠と温度抵抗性を調査した.(4)スマトラ産のマダラテントウの1種E.pythoの生存-繁殖スケジュールを記録した.(5)インドネシア西ジャワ州のボゴール植物園のアリ類の種多様性を調べ,合計216種を記録した.(6)ジャワ,スマトラの定点観測地点において,最長9年間にわたり,3種のマダラテントウ類Epilachna(4地点)と2種のジンガサハムシ類Aspidomorpha(2地点)の個体数変動を記録した.(7)ボゴール植物園において,ダイフウシホシカメムシMelamphaus faberとそれを専食するニシダホシカメムシRaxa nishidaiの個体数変動を9年間調査した.(8)西スマトラ州の高地の耕作地において,節足動物の個体数動態を3年間調査した.<br />Purpose : In order to study evolution of life history strategies of insects, we established several permanent study sites in Java and Sumatra under different rainfall and elevational conditions. We studied (1) Seasonal fluctuation of population size and physiological conditions of insects in the fields, and traits such as diapause, photoperiodism and temperate tolerance, etc. under laboratory conditions. Study insects include phytophagous ladybird beetles Epilachna, tortoise beetles Aspidomorpha, Drosophila flies, ants and, crickets. Maior results obtained are as follows, (1) Enumeration of 26 phytophagous ladybird beetles species with records of host plants and life history data from Sumatra and Java. (2) Oviposition patterns of 21 species of Indonesian and phytophagous ladybird beetle, (3) Diapause and tolerance to extreme temperatures in tropical (Indonesia), subtropical (Okinawa) and temperate (Hiroshima) populations of Epilachna vigintioctopunctata, (4) Survivorship and fertility schedules of E. pytho, (5) Ant species diversity in the Bogor Botanic Garden, West Java, (6) Long-term population dynamics of 3 Epilachna species and 2 species of tortoise beetles Aspidomorpha for (at longest) 9 successive years on 2-4 permanent study sites in Java and Sumatra, (7) Population dynamics of an isolated pyrrhocorid bug Melamphaus faberand its predatory bug Raxa nishidai in the Bogor Botanic Gardens for 9 years, (8) Fluctuation in the abundance of terrestrial arthropods at an Sumatran Highland.<br />研究課題/領域番号:08041141, 研究期間(年度):1996–1998<br />出典：「熱帯における昆虫の生活史戦略」研究成果報告書 課題番号08041141 (KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所）) 本文データは著者版報告書より作成
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