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上田, 隆司 ; 金田, 泰幸 ; 佐藤, 昌彦 ; 杉田, 忠彰
概要:
The fundamental characteristics of a new type of infrared radiation pyrometer using an optical fiber are investigated th
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eoretically and experimentally. The structure of this pyrometer is that the optical fiber accepts the infrared flux radiated from the object and transmits it to an infrared detector InSb cell. This I. R. P. is suitable for measuring the temperature of a very small object whose temperature changes rapidly. The flexibility of the optical fiber also makes it possible to measure the inner temperature of the object by drilling a microscopically fine hole in it and inserting the fiber. Three types of optical fiber were employed : quartz fiber, fluoride fiber and chalcogenide fiber. The main results obtained are as follows. The setting location of the fiber is independent of the total energy Accepted by the fiber, even if the object of a flat surface is not placed vertically to the axis of the fiber. This result is also applied to the object of a curved surface. The target area of the graded-index fiber is smaller than that of the step-index fiber when they are placed at a same distance from the object. The I.R.P. with the chalcogenide fiber can be useful for temperatures above 50°C.
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| 2.
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上田, 隆司 ; 佐藤, 昌彦 ; 杉田, 忠彰
概要:
Temperature of interface between a cutting tool and a workpiece is measured using two-color pyrometer with a fused fiber
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coupler. A conical tool is used as the cutting tool which is made of translucent alumina sintered under HIP, and 0.55% carbon steel is used as a workpiece. The infrared rays radiated from the interface and transmitted through the conical tool are accepted by a fused fiber coupler and led to two infrared detectors of different spectral sensitivity. Temperature is obtained by calculating the ratio of the output voltage from these two detectors. The results obtained are as follows. The temperature increases very rapidly and reaches 1000°C at about 40 μs after the beginning of cutting. The rate of increase of temperature is very great : about 108 °C/s at the cutting speed of 1 500 m/min. The temperature increases with the increase of cutting speed, but at a speed faster than 1000 m/min its influence is small. The temperature shows a tendency to saturate about 1300-1400°C as the cutting speed increases.
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| 3.
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上田, 隆司 ; 佐藤, 昌彦 ; 金田, 泰幸 ; 杉田, 忠彰
概要:
A temperature at the tip of a conical cutting tool is measured immediately after micro chip forming using an infrared ra
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diation pyrometer with an optical fiber. The fundamental structure of this pyrometer is that the infrared flux radiated from the tip of the conical cutting tool after cutting is accepted and transmitted to an infrared detector InSb by an optical fiber. The measurement accurancy when applying the pyrometer to the experiment is investigated theoretically. The temperature at the tip of the conical tool at various cooling times after cutting is measured using this pyrometer. A carbon steel and a tungsten are used as workpieces. A cooling characteristic of the tool is analyzed by heat transfer theory. Applying the theoretical results to the experimental results, the temperature of the tip of the conical tool just after cutting is estimated to be 1500°C for carbon steel and 2400°C for tungsten; 1500°C is almost equal to the melting point of carbon steel.
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論文
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上田, 隆司 ; 佐藤, 昌彦 ; 杉田, 忠彰
概要:
The influence of cutting speed, and thermal properties of the work material and the tool material on the thermal partition coefficient is investigated theoretically and experimentally. The temperature at the top of a conical tool
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is measured immediately after micro chip forming using an infrared radiation pyrometer with an optical fiber. A carbon steel, a titanium, a molybdenum and a tungsten are used as work materials, and a silicon nitride Si3N4, a zirconia ZrO2 and a diamond are used as tool materials. The cutting temperature increases in proportion to the 1/2 power of cutting speed and saturates to the melting point of work material. The fraction of heat conducted into the cutting tool is independent on the cutting speed, and it becomes larger as the thermal conductivity of workpiece is smaller or that of tool material is larger. In the diamond tool which has the highest thermal conductivity, its thermal partition coefficient is the highest, but the tool tip temperature is the lowest.
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