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論文 |
論文
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Nishimoto, Yoichi
概要:
This paper is concerned with the sovereignty and marginalization of an ethnic minority people. Although Lahu people, a h
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ighland dwelling ethnic minority of the area called “Zomia,” are now relatively powerless and live in the geographical and social peripheries of diverse states including China, Myanmar and Thailand, they were once strong and enjoyed a high degree of autonomy in the 18th and 19th centuries in Yunnan, China. Their independent territories were enabled by their religio-political government system, based on hierarchically organized villages that were governed by the charisma-wielding Master Monks and their temples located in several central villages. Mobilized by the Buddhist monks, the Lahu repeatedly fought against the local and central governments, but the rebellions were eventually all pacified. The temples were destroyed and the independent Lahu territories were lost by the beginning of the 20th century. Since then, the Lahu Buddhist movements disappeared from historical records. Based on the field study of the villages that were involved in the Lahu Buddhist movements, this paper presents oral histories of Lahu Buddhist movements as well as religious beliefs and practices of the Lahu today. The study finds the surviving millenarians currently living among Lahu villagers. For students of religions and ethnic minorities, the paper provides detailed descriptions on the messianic aspirations of the marginalized ethnic minority, their view on charismatic and supernatural leaders, and the importance of abstinence associated with these religious leaders.
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論文
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西本, 陽一 ; Nishimoto, Yoichi
概要:
本稿は、タイ北部のラフ族男性（60～70 歳代）によるライフ・ストーリーを提示し、キリスト教徒ラフ族住民が、国家、国境、国籍についてどのような認識をもっているか考察するものである。ラフ族はミャンマー・シャン州やタイ北部などに暮らす少数民族で
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、歴史的には焼畑耕作に伴う移動の他、中央政府の直接統治拡大やミャンマーでの民族紛争により移動を繰り返してきたが、近年には政府規制などによりその移動性は大きく制限されるようになった。本稿で提示するラフ族男性のライフ・ストーリーが示すのは、各民族に所有された複数の勢力圏からなる前近代的な世界観であり、国民国家的な世界観とは異なる国家、国境、国籍にかんする認識である。<br />This paper describes the life story of a Lahu elderly man in Northern Thailand and studies how such abstract ideas as nation-state, national border, and citizenship are perceived by Christian Lahu people living in Northern Thailand. The Lahu people, now found in Myanmar’s Shan States and Northern Thailand, are one of the highland dwelling ethnic minorities and had historically high mobility due to their swidden cultivation, the pressures of expanded governmental controls, and prolonged ethnic wars in Myanmar. This Lahu elder’s life story reveals a Christian Lahu conception that the world is not comprised of different nation-states but of diverse power circles of lowland peoples in which the Lahu are not citizens of a nation-state but a weak and subordinated group in the ethnic power relations.
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