※一部利用できない機能があります
| 1.
論文 |
論文
|
島田, 茂 ; 出村, 慎一 ; 長澤, 吉則 ; 南, 雅樹 ; 松澤, 甚三郎
概要:
金沢大学人間社会研究域人間科学系<br />The purposes of this study were to clarify the characteristics of growth and development of physic
…
al fitness with age, and to examine the influence of the difference of habitual exercise on physique and physical fitness of male students at a National College of Technology. A total of 132 males enrolled in 2001 were administered physique and physical fitness tests for three years. The 5 physique tests and 9 new physical fitness tests developed by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports Science, and Technology of Japan were used The participated students were classified into 4 groups based on the frequencies of their exercise enforcement for three years. The mean differences were examined using two-way analysis of variance of one-factor repeated measurements. Body linearity and body bulk become larger with age, but the influence of exercise enforcement frequencies on physique was low. It is considered that the continuous exercise enforcement contributes to an increase of muscular power, agility, muscle endurance, and whole-body endurance, and an effect of continuous exercise with age is marked in muscle endurance. However, the influence of the continuous exercise enforcement on improving static strength and flexibility is not high. The lack of exercise by adolescent students may produce a decline of whole-body endurance, muscle endurance, and agility in spite of the growth period.
続きを見る
|
||||
| 2.
論文 |
論文
|
島田, 茂 ; 出村, 慎一 ; 池本, 幸雄 ; 山次, 俊介 ; 南, 雅樹 ; 長澤, 吉則
概要:
金沢大学人間社会研究域人間科学系<br />The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between physical fitness, life styl
…
e, and health-status using cross sectional data in adolescent male students. A total of 581 males aged 15 to 20 years were selected as subjects for this study. The physique tests (6 items) and new physical fitness tests developed by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports Science, and Technology of Japan (9 items) were used. To assess life style and health-status, a questionnaire consisting of 75 items was constructed. Principal component analysis was applied to the partial correlation matrix, neglecting the age-effect, consisting of 9 physical fitness variables. Cramer's association coefficient and theory of quantification I were used to examine the relationship between life style, health-status and physical fitness. Cramer's association coefficients were significant for 12 variables of exercise habit, 8 variables of meal habit, 2 variables of other life style, and 4 variables of health-status. The multiple correlation coefficient between physical fitness, life style, and health-status was moderate (0.500, p < 0.01). Partial correlation coefficients were high for variables of present exercise-frequency, exercise-frequency and picky eating during junior high school days, and television-reception hour. Exercise frequency of more than three or four days a week, taking meals, and television-reception hour might be related to the maintaining or increasing the physical fitness level in adolescent male students.
続きを見る
|
||||
| 3.
論文 |
論文
|
出村, 慎一 ; 長澤, 吉則 ; 南, 雅樹 ; 松澤, 甚三郎 ; 多田, 信彦 ; 菅野, 紀昭
概要:
金沢大学人間社会研究域人間科学系<br />The purposes of this study were to investigate the relationships between physical fitness, life-st
…
yle and health-status, and to examine the sex differences in the healthy aged living in a community. A total of 890 people aged 60 to 89 years volunteered as subjects. Eleven performance-tests were selected. To assess life-style and health-status, a questionnaire consisting of 40 items was constructed. Cramer's association coefficient was only significant for dinner meal quantity in males and was significant for exercise-habit, intakes of protein, calcium, and vitamin, sleeping hours, and with or without bone fractures and arthritis in females. Multiple correlation coefficients between physical fitness and age-grade, life-style, and health-status were significant for both sexes (males: 0.596, females: 0.556, p<0.01). Partial correlation coefficients were high for aged-grade, sleeping hours, and receiving medical treatment for males, and for aged-grade, bicycle riding, present exercise-enforcement, sleeping hours, and subjective health feeling for females. Physical fitness showed a decreasing trend with age for both sexes. We inferred that sleeping hours and not taking medical treatment for injury and/or illness in males, and enforcement of usual moderate exercise, sleeping hours and consciousness to health in females may be related to the decline of physical fitness.
続きを見る
|
||||
| 4.
論文 |
論文
|
中, 比呂志 ; 出村, 慎一 ; 松沢, 甚三郎
概要:
The purpose of this study were to investigate factorial structures of physique and physical fitness, and to determine the change of physique and physical fitness with age and its sex difference in the elderly. Nineteen test items were
…
selected from 5 domains of physique, muscle function, joint function (flexibility), neuromuscular function and lung function, considering the validity, safety and convenience of tests. The subjects were 207 males and 226 females aged 65 to 89 years. Factor analysis was applied to each correlation matrixes consisting of 8 physique variables and 11 physical fitness variables. In physique domain, three extracted factors were interpreted as body fat, body linearity and body bulk. Body bulk and body linearity in both sexes and body fat in females decrease significantly with age. Body linearity was found significantly larger in males than females. Body fat was significantly greater in females. In physical fitness domain, four factors were extracted and interpreted as muscular strength, balance, agility of upper and lower limbs, and flexibility. A significant declining trend with age was found in the above-mentioned physical fitness elements both sexes. Also, significant sex differences in muscular strength, balance, and flexibility were found, and males were superior to females except for flexibility. It was inferred that the influence of aging in muscular strength and balance is greater flexibility and agility of upper and lower limbs in the elderly. Further, the decrease of muscular strength seems to facilitate the decline of balance with age.
続きを見る
|
||||
| 5.
論文 |
論文
|
出村, 慎一
概要:
The purposes of this study were to determine the developmental relationships among throw distances of 6 kind balls of various weight, size and solidity, throw form of tennis ball (TB), and accuracy of TB throw, and also to determine
…
the contribution of physical fitness elements and throw form to throw distance. Total of 720 preschool-children from 2 to 6 years old were selected as the subjects, and 11 physique and physical fitness tests were administered to them. The main results can be summarized as follows: 1) The development with age and sex differences were found in all ball throw distances,throw form, and accuracy of ball throw. Little differences between throw distances of light-balls below TB (58 g) were found, but throw distance of a heavy-ball (190 g) as compared with that of light-balls was shorter. 2) Throw distance of TB developed remarkably from about 4 years and the sex difference increased gradually from about 3 years of age. Also the developmental trend of throw form was almost the same as that of throw distance.Boys' throw form with age became closer to that of adults's, but a lot of girls with immature-throw form existed even in the age over 5 years. 3) The contribution of each physical fitness element to TB throw distance differed in boys and girls. In the immature-throw group the contribution of physical fitness elements to throw distance did not show the sex difference, but there was a difference of a degree of contribution between the immature-throw and the mature-throw groups. 4) Physique and power were related significantly to TB throw distance. The latter's contribution as compared with the former's was higher, and its trend was higher in boys than in girls. The contribution of the whole physical fitness and throw form to throw distance was higher in boys than in girls, and in boys the contribution of throw form as compared with physical fitness was higher. 5) Power in the immature-throw group and power and coordination in the mature-throw group were related significantly to throw distance and the contribution of power in the mature group as compared with the immature group was higher. Further, the contribution of the whole physical fitness was higher in the mature group than in the immature group, and the contribution of throw form in the mature group was almost the same as that of he whole physical fitness.
続きを見る
|
||||
| 6.
論文 |
論文
|
中, 比呂志 ; 出村, 慎一
概要:
The purposes of this study were to clarify the characteristics of growth and development of physique and physical fitness with age, and to determine the influence of the habitual exercise on physique and physical fitness using
…
longitudinal data in adolescent male students. The physique tests (5 items) and sport tests (developed by the Ministry of Education) were administered annually in male students of freshman to senior grade enrolled in F National College of Technology in the period of 1985-1989. At the same time, the frequency of their recent exercise enforcement was examined. Students were classified into 4 groups based on the frequency of their exercise enforcement for 3 years: those doing exercise three days or more a week continuously for 3 years (HG), those doing exercise once or twice a week continuously for 3 years (MG), those doing exercise twice or less a month for 3 years (LG), those doing exercise once of more a week in the first and second grades but doing exercise twice or less a month in the third and fourth grades (IG). The longitudinal data of 384 students classified into 4 groups based on the frequency of their exercise enforcement for 3 years were used for this study. The main results can be summarized as follows: 1) Body linearity and body bulk become greater and muscular power and flexibility develop with age. But, a significant developing tendency with age for static strength is not recognized and endurance declines with age. 2) The continuous exercise enforcement seems to improve muscular power, flexibility and endurance. Further, it is inferred that the regular exercise in three days or more a week facilitates the development of muscular power and prevents from declining of endurance with age. 3) It seems that the interruption of the regular exercise habit increases fat and hinders the development of muscular power, and produced the sudden decline in endurance. 4) The continuous exercise enforcement in three days or more a week is inferred to produce balanced physical growth and development, but the lack of exercise in adolescent seems to bring on unbalanced physical growth and development such as the decline of endurance and the increase of fat.
続きを見る
|
||||
| 7.
論文 |
論文
|
中, 比呂志 ; 出村, 慎一
概要:
The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of factors such as sports consciousness, sports conditions and physical fitness to sports activity, and to examine the influence of sports consciousness and sports conditions on
…
the improvement of physical fitness in adolescent male students. The Diagnostic Inventory for Sport Counseling (DISC) and physical fitness tests designed by the Ministry of Education in Japan were administered to 687 healthy male students aged 15 to 20 years. Six sports consciousness scales and 15 sports condition scales were conducted according to the procedure of DISC. Sports activity was defined as the frequency of sports participation per week. Students doing sports activity less than twice a month were termed as a negative or passive sports participation group (SG1) and those doing it several times or more a week were named as a positive sports participation group (SG2). Statistical techniques of discriminant analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to examine the contribution of variable groups to sports activity or physical fitness. The main results can be summarized as follows: 1) The SG2 have the higher sports consciousness and the better sports conditions, and the members are superior in physical fitness to those of SG1. 2) Sports conditions influence students' sports activity greater than sports consciousness and physical fitness level. In addition the present sports conditions is the most important factor influencing their sports activity. 3) Sports conditions in SG2 and sports consciousness in SG1 have a high influence on the improvement of physical fitness. Factors such as delight and anxious feeling to sports activity in sports consciousness, and sports skill, adaptability to personal relations and membership of sports club in junior high school in sports conditions contribute highly to the improvement of physical fitness.
続きを見る
|
||||
| 8.
論文 |
論文
|
南, 雅樹 ; 出村, 慎一 ; 長澤, 吉則
|
||||
| 9.
論文 |
論文
|
出村, 慎一 ; Demura, Shinichi
概要:
本研究では、健常な在宅高齢者の日常生活動作能力を評価するのに有効な調査票を作成することを目的とした。まず、先行研究および理論的妥当性を考慮し、移動系、操作系、平衡系および姿勢変換系の4領域を代表する57動作に関する130項目を選択した。在宅
…
高齢者2100名に対して実施した調査から得た成就率に基づき、各項目の難易度および多段階評価尺度作成の可能性を検討した。分析の結果、各領域を代表する3段階評価尺度からなる15項目を有効な調査項目とした。 次に、この15項目を用いて、458名の在宅高齢者に再度調査および体力テストを実施し、項目および評価尺度の吟味を行った。ADLの成就傾向、および加齢変化、ADL項目相互間の関係、体力テストとの関係の観点から分析した結果、12項目(移動系動作:歩く、走る、溝を跳び越える、階段の上り下り、荷物の運搬、平衡系動作:開眼片足立ち、乗り物内立位保持、ズボンをはく、操作系動作:シャツのボタンとめ、布団の出し入れ、姿勢変換系動作:正座の姿勢から起立、上体起こし)をより有効な項目として再選択した。 さらに、在宅高齢者5715名に対し、ADL調査および文部省新体力テストを実施し、再選択された12項目からなるADL調査票の有効性について分析した。調査票の信頼性は、項目(0.674≦r≦0.886)および総合得点(r=0.943)ともに高い値を示した。ADL得点は加齢に伴い有意に低下し、体力実測値とも有意な関係にあった。加えて、健康や体力に関する自己評価や運動実施状況とも有意な関係にあり、本研究で用いたADL項目の有効性が示唆された。さらに、ADL得点分布と体力テスト得点との関係に基づき、体力テストの実施の可否に関するスクリーニング基準として、ADL調査票の総合得点および項目を用いた有効な基準を提示した。<br />The purpose of this study was to develop a useful ADL (activities of daily living) index for healthy older people at home. First, a total of 130 items for 57 ADLs were selected from the four domains, considering to previous studies and theoretical validity. The survey was carried out on 2,100 older people, and the achievement rate for each item was calculated. As a result, the 15 ADL items constructed with a three level scale were selected. Second, the survey consisting of 15 ADL items and a physical fitness test of the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture were carried out on 458 older people to examine useful ADL items and their scales. As a result of analyses from the viewpoints of aging, physical fitness level, and interrelationship among ADL items, the following useful 12 ADL items were proposed; in the locomotion domain, jumping across a ditch, walking, running up and down stairs, and transfer; in the manipulation domain, taking bedding in and out, buttoning a shirt; in stabi lity domain, standing in the bus or train, dressing while standing (trousers), standing on one foot with eyes open; in the posture-change domain, sitting up, standing up from the floor. Third, a questionnaire consisting of 12 ADL items and a physical fitness test of the Ministry of Education were administered to 5,715 subjects 65 years or older, to examine reliability and validity of the ADL index, the relationships between ADL score and various factors (ex. self-assessment of health status and physical fitness level, and exercise frequency/week), and to examine the screening basis to execute the physical fitness test based on distribution of ADL score. Test-retest reliability of the ADL index showed significant high correlations in 12 ADL items (0.674 ≦ r ≦ 0.886) and overall score (r=0.943). The ADL score was significantly related to age and physical fitness test scores, and tended to be higher in subjects with a higher self-assessment of health status and physical fitness level, and with exercised more. These results were considered to prove the utility of the present ADL index. Further, based on the result of examining relationships between distribution of overall ADL score and physical fitness test scores, useful screening bases using overall score or item scores were proposed to judge whether or not the physical fitness tests could be executed.<br />研究課題/領域番号:10680020, 研究期間(年度):1998–1999<br />出典：「高齢者のためのADL調査票の作成」研究成果報告書 課題番号10680020 (KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所）) 本文データは著者版報告書より作成
続きを見る
|
||||
| 10.
論文 |
論文
|
出村, 慎一 ; Demura, Shinichi
概要:
高齢者の健康・体力に影響を及ぼす生活諸条件の検討を行うために,理論的妥当性を考慮して各体力領域から体力パフォーマンステストを,また,自覚的健康,及び生活状況調査項目を選択した。まず,高齢者における体格・体力の因子構造を明らかにすると共に,そ
…
の性差及び加齢に伴う変化を検討した。次に,横断的資料に基づき,自覚的健康と体力及び生活状況の関係を検討した。また,基礎体力と健康状態,日常生活活動,及び食生活生活との関係についても検討し,基礎体力に関与する生活諸状況について考察を行った。以上の検討から新たに以下のような知見が得られた。1.(1)体格因子として,長育,量・周育及び体脂肪の3因子が解釈され,男女とも量・周育及び長育は加齢と共に小さくなる。(2)体力因子として,筋力,四肢の敏捷性,平衡性及び柔軟性の4因子が解釈され,男女とも加齢に伴い低下する。(3)高齢者における筋力や平衡性は,四肢の敏捷性及び柔軟性より加齢による低下の程度が大きい。2.(1)自覚的健康度と柔軟性因子にのみ有意な関係が認められる。(2)自覚的健康度とBMI及び年齢間に有意な関係は認められない。(3)精神的ストレスによる苛立ちが無いことや就寝前に食事をとらないこと,あるいは社会的貢献やそれに伴う身体活動などの生活状況が自覚的健康感に好影響を及ぼす。3.(1)健康状態,日常生活活動及び食生活の各生活状況は複合して基礎体力に影響を及ぼす。(2)運動習慣,過去の病気や怪我による障害の有無,就寝時間及び年齢は基礎体力の低下に大きな影響を及ぼす。(3)基礎体力は加齢に伴い低下するが周1〜2回程度の運動は加齢に伴う体力の低下を遅延させる効果がある。(4)60歳代と70歳代では基礎体力に及ぼす生活諸条件の影響が異なる。また,一般在宅高齢者及び障害を有する施設入居者を対象とし,日常生活動作を評価する調査票の作成を試み,在宅高齢者の日常生活動作と生活諸状況との関係も検討した。<br />The main purpose of this study was to examine various living conditions affecting health and physical fitness in elderly people. Physical fitness performance tests from each physical fitness element, items on perceived health and living conditions were selected considering theoretical validity. Firstly, factorial structures of physique and physical fitness were examined and the examination of the change of physique and physical fitness with age and its sex difference was done. Secondly, based on a cross-sectional data, the relationships between the degree of perceived health (DPH), and physical fitness and living conditions were examined. The relationships of fundamental physical fitness (FPF) and health-conditions, activities of daily living, and food habits also were examined. The findings in this study can be summarized as follow : 1. (1) In physique domain, three factors were interpreted as body linearity, body bulk and body fat respectively. Body bulk and body linearity in both se xes decrease with age. (2) In physical fitness domain, four factors were interpreted as muscular strength, agility of upper and lower limbs, balance and flexibility respectively, and they show a declining trend with age in both sexes. (3) The influence of aging in muscular strength and balance is greater than that in flexibility and agility of upper and lower limbs. 2. (1) Only the relationship between the DPH and flexibility-factor is significant. (2) There are no significant relations between the DPH,and BMI and age. (3) The living conditions as the irritation by the mental stress and eating before asleep or the social contribution and the physical activities have an influence on the DPH.3. (1) The living conditions as health-conditions, activities of daily living and food habits influence on FPF as a composite factor. (2) The elements of exercise habit, the existence of the trouble caused by past disease and injury, bedtime and age have greater influence on the decline of FPF.(3) FPF shows a decreasing trend with age, but the continuous exercise enforcement on one day or more a week, seems to be effective in postponing the decline of FPF related to age. (4) The influence of ech living condition to FPF differs in the 60 and 70 age levels.<br />研究課題/領域番号:08680102, 研究期間(年度):1996–1997, 平成9(1997)年度科学研究費補助金 基盤研究(C) 研究成果報告書の一部 研究概要(はしがき, 概要, 目次, 諸言)を掲載<br />出典：「高齢者の健康・体力に影響を及ぼす生活諸条件の検討」研究成果報告書 課題番号08680102(KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所）) 本文データは著者版報告書より作成
続きを見る
|
