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論文
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西本, 陽一
概要:
The Lahu people, a highland dwelling ethnic minority in mainland Southeast Asia and southwest China, have historically p
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racticed swidden agriculture, and for many generations lived and moved in areas under the pressures of diverse valley dwelling peoples. Their whole population probably exceeds 70, 000, most of whom lived in the remote areas within five modern states : China, Burma, Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam. In each of these states governed by lowland peoples, the Lahu are an ethnic minority without a country of their own. However, if we change our viewpoint, the Lahu appear as people with different attributes. While on a political map comprising modern nation-states the Lahu are divided and included in the five sovereign states, whereas on a topographic map, the Lahu settlement area appears as one geographical area and the people live in one environmental niche. Actually, in pre-modern time, natural environments were the primary condition defining the life-ways of peoples, both highlanders and lowlanders. Diverse ethnic peoples in the pre-modern Lahu settlement area interact with each other, which constituted a patterned ethnic constellation. This ethnic relation, however, began to change after Western colonialism introduced modern notions of nation-state, international boundary, and sovereignty. In the modern era, these modern ideologies have become political reality through diverse national policies for nation-building. Now, even in the remote areas where the Lahu people often find themselves, one cannot live without being influenced by a central government. The lives and the world view of the Lahu people have also become more and more conditioned by the modern conceptual framework of nation-state. However, the Lahu of North Thailand still refer to themselves as “mountain people”. This self-identification is based on the binary opposition between “mountain” and “plain” or “town”. The Lahu understand modern concepts mainly from a pre-modern worldview. Modern concepts, for example, “government” is perceived less as an abstract agency rather than as a personalized patron-like ethnic neighbor who both oppresses and supports its people. On the other hand, modern ideas, such as “state” and “development” seem to have gradually enter Lahu concepts. The present Lahu perception is based both on the pre-modern and modern conceptual frameworks, and the power relation between the two frameworks changes depending on conditions. Moreover, another huge process, “globalization”, could in the future modify the basis on which the Lahu view the world surrounding them. Studying the world-views of marginal peoples, including the Lahu, requires multiple perspectives, and should not be limited either to area or national conceptual frameworks.
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| 2.
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論文
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西本, 陽一 ; Nishimoto, Yoichi
概要:
金沢大学人間社会研究域人間科学系<br />本研究は、東南アジア大陸部北部から中国西南地方の山地帯に居住する少数民族ラフ族のキリスト教徒および伝統派集団を対象として、国境を跨いで暮らしている跨境民族の生活と生活経験とが、タイと中国の中央政府
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による辺境への統治拡大という状況の中で、いかに変化してきたかを、フィールドワークと民族語による聞き取りから明らかにした。同じ名前の民族であっても、その生活変化と生活経験とは、国家（タイ・中国）および宗教（世界宗教・伝統宗教）という関数の違いによって、異なった結果が見られることが明らかになった。<br />Taking Lahu people, who are living in a mountainous areas of Upper Southeast Asia and Southwest China, this study aimed to elucidate what changes Lahu in Thailand and China have undergone and what life-experiences these different groups of Lahu have about the change in the context of increasing governmental controls of Thai and Chinese central governments. The study also took into consideration of the influences by religions; Christianity and Lahu traditional religion. The study reveals that, although both these groups refer themselves by the same term "Lahu," the changes they have experienced are of quite different kinds and so are their consciousness about their historical experiences.<br />研究課題/領域番号:25360008, 研究期間(年度):2013-04-01 - 2017-03-31
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論文
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西本, 陽一 ; 堀江, 未央
概要:
1949年の中華人民共和国成立以来、中国社会は何度も大きな社会変化を経てきた。本研究は、このような中国の政策・社会変化の中で、中国西南端の雲南省に居住する少数民族ラフ族の住民生活が受けた影響と変化について、民族語(ラフ語)による聞き取りをも
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とに、人々の生活経験の再構成を試みた。その結果、少数民族住民は国家規模の社会変化を、イデオロギーや政治面よりも、生存の面から見ていることが明らかになった。<br />Since its establishment in 1949, PRC has been undergone drastic social changes. My research project has tried to reconstruct the life experience of the Lahu villagers, an ethnic minority people who live in the peripheral area of PRC, through interviews in Lahu, and estimated the changes and influences of the social changes on the national level. My research has found that the minority villagers have experienced and viewed the social changes from a perspective based less on ideology than on subsistence.<br />研究課題/領域番号:21510257, 研究期間(年度):2009–2012
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