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弁納, 才一 ; Benno, Saiichi
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The purpose of this study is to analyze the economic changes within a suburban village in China's Shandong Province around the beginning of the Second Sino Japanese War while also paying attention to the relationship between Binzhou,
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the county capital, and the surrounding hinterland. Through this period, the transformation from small hold tenant farming along with post agricultural fanning continued with a return to agricultural fanning and a reduction in the scale of the county landlords' management of their respective holdings.
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鯨, 幸夫
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芳川, 周子
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西本, 陽一
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武田, 公子 ; 横山, 壽一 ; 久保, 美由紀 ; 小柴, 有理江 ; 神崎, 淳子
概要:
This paper is the outcome of a survey about the everyday life situation for residents in depopulating communities located in the northern part of Suzu city in Ishikawa prefecture. The findings of the survey are summarized in the
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following points: 1. In comparison to surveys conducted in 1989 and 1999, the increased number of elderly people and the effect of depopulation has led to the creation of so-called `marginal villages` (or communities). A higher number of elderly single-person households have also resulted in a greater demand and necessity for caretaking and assistance. On the other hand, the survey discovered a number of cases where elderly people benefitted from their children returning from urban centers to live with them. There were also cases where adult children benefitted from inheriting a family business. 2. In terms of the population of the surveyed areas, the advanced age of farmers and fishermen, and the reduction in the population size was evident in general. While the conversion to self-consumption centered agriculture is proceeding, the areas of abandoned farmland have increased due to a lack of manpower. In terms of the fishermen, smaller fishermen tend to go fishing to collect shellfish and seaweed. In some cases, fishing catches are processed into dried fish. As such, the use of satoyama/satoumi for subsistence purposes as well as profits from the sale of related products has been a necessary condition for the maintenance of community life in this area. 3. In terms of local communities, the survey recognized the importance, and pluralistic role, of neighborhood associations and a variety of other organizations that are present throughout the community. These groups` activities are carried out by a certain number of people in each community. The leaders of the neighborhood associations in particular have become key persons in understanding and appreciating the various activities and needs within their communities.4. It was also found that access to essential facilities and resources outside the community is problematic. Prominent examples include securing transportation for shopping and for going to hospital. A reliance on private cars has increased since previous surveys. This suggests that the need for public transport is very significant, due to the fact that elderly people find it difficult to drive.
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古内, 正美 ; Furuuchi, Masami
概要:
金沢大学理工学域環境デザイン学系<br />調査対象地域で主に粒子状物質について長期的大気環境モニタリングを実施し，季節・年変動特性を評価した。またタイの複数の県について各種農作物の収穫量と残渣処理量およびアグロインダストリーでの製品の生産
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量とその残渣物理用量を，栽培・残渣処理時期を含めて詳細に調査し，詳細な月別排出インベントリーを推定した。この結果と大気汚染モニタリングデータの相関から大気汚染寄与を評価する手法の妥当性を検証した。この結果，本手法が極めて妥当であり，農業・アグロインダストリー・森林火災起源の粒子汚染寄与，健康リスクを明らかにするとともに，小規模バイオマス燃焼源への対策技術と合わせて，評価・対策のプロトコルを示した。<br />Continuous monitoring of air pollutants in the studied area has been conducted to evaluate seasonal and annual behaviors, or, in Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam. As a typical case in the studied area, for some provinces in Thailand, the monthly base production amount of crops as well as the amount and period of residues burning in field have been investigated in detail to provide the emission inventory from agriculture and ago-industries. The obtained inventory data were related to the monitoring data of air pollutants in corresponding provinces, showing the emission from agricultural activities including forest fires significantly affect the status of air pollution. A protocol for the evaluation and mitigation for such situation, which consists of the above evaluation procedure and a developed emission control technology for small scale sources, could be proposed as an important result.<br />研究課題/領域番号:25303003, 研究期間(年度):2015-04-01 – 2017-03-31
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