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論文
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Ando, Toshio ; Kodera, Noriyuki
概要:
Intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) of proteins are very thin and hence hard to be visualized by electron microscopy
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. Thus far, only high-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM) can visualize them. The molecular movies identify the alignment of IDRs and ordered regions in an intrinsically disordered protein (IDP) and show undulation motion of the IDRs. The visualized tail-like structures contain the information of mechanical properties of the IDRs. Here, we describe methods of HS-AFM visualization of IDPs and methods of analyzing the obtained images to characterize IDRs. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media New York.
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論文
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Ando, Toshio ; Uchihashi, Takayuki ; Fukuma, Takeshi
概要:
金沢大学理工研究域数物科学系<br />The atomic force microscope (AFM) has a unique capability of allowing the high-resolution imaging of
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biological samples on substratum surfaces in physiological solutions. Recent technological progress of AFM in biological research has resulted in remarkable improvements in both the imaging rate and the tip force acting on the sample. These improvements have enabled the direct visualization of dynamic structural changes and dynamic interactions occurring in individual biological macromolecules, which is currently not possible with other techniques. Therefore, high-speed AFM is expected to have a revolutionary impact on biological sciences. In addition, the recently achieved atomic-resolution in liquids will further expand the usefulness of AFM in biological research. In this article, we first describe the various capabilities required of AFM in biological sciences, which is followed by a detailed description of various devices and techniques developed for high-speed AFM and atomic-resolution in-liquid AFM. We then describe various imaging studies performed using our cutting-edge microscopes and their current capabilities as well as their limitations, and conclude by discussing the future prospects of AFM as an imaging tool in biological research. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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