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細川, 晃 ; 南部, 彰 ; 田中, 隆太郎 ; 山田, 啓司 ; 上田, 隆司 ; Hosokawa, Akira ; Nambu, Akira ; Tanaka, Ryutaro ; Yamada, Keiji ; Ueda, Takashi
概要:
金沢大学理工研究域機械工学系<br />前報では光ファイバ型2色温度計を用いてエンドミル加工におけるオイルミスト供給時の工具逃げ面温度を測定し,ミスト粒径,ミスト流量,ミスト供給位置が工具逃げ面温度に及ぼす影響について検討した.本報では,そ
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の第3段階として,超硬工具およびコーティング工具における切削温度と工具損耗量を測定し,オイルミスト供給が工具損耗形態に及ぼす影響について詳細に検討している.<br />出版者照会後に全文公開
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上原, 祐也 ; 細川, 晃 ; 上田, 隆司 ; 田中, 隆太郎 ; 古本, 達明
概要:
難削材旋削加工における新しい技術として、ADRT（スピニングツール）が提案された．ADRTでは工具自身が回転するため，切れ刃の加熱(切削時)-冷却(空転時)サイクルが制御でき，工具寿命の増大が期待される．しかしながら，その加工特性は明らかに
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なっていない．そこで本研究では，非接触で微小領域の温度測定が可能な光ファイバ型２色温度計を用いて，スピニングツールの加熱－冷却特性を測定し，工具への熱負荷の面から本手法の有効性を検討している． Turning characteristics of austenitic stainless steel SUS304 with an actively driven rotary lathe tool is invented from the thermal aspects. The tool temperature during one revolution of this spinning tool is measured using a newly assembled two-color pyrometer. There is an optimum tool rotational speed at which the tool temperature is at a minimum with respect to the cutting conditions.
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細川, 晃 ; 周, 智鵬 ; 山田, 啓司 ; 上田, 隆司
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A new three-color infrared radiation pyrometer using an optical fiber is developed for measuring cutting temperature in
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high speed machining by small ball end mill. The high speed air spindle unit is adopted to the ordinary milling machine so that the maximum spindle revolution of 40000rpm is attainable. The ball radius of the carbide cutter is 3mm and the side cutting of carbon steel with ballnose is executed without cutting fluid. Cutting temperature distribution along the ball-nosed cutting-edge is measured. The influences of spindle rotational speed, radial depth of cut and feed per tooth on the temperature distribution at the flank face are examined. The maximum temperature of peripheral cutting edge about 700°C is obtained even at the rotation angle of 180° after cutting, and it drops along the ballnose toward the ball tip. Relatively large temperature gradient arises along the ball cutting-edge at higher spindle revolution because cutting speed depends on the local tool radius. Depth of cut and feed per tooth, at the same time, affect the overall temperature at the ball cutting edges. The cooling characteristics in air cutting reveals that the temperature difference during one cycle of intermittent cutting increases as spindle speed decreases. The relationship between the peripheral cutting speed and the tool temperature varies from tool shank to ball tip because the interactions between cutting edge and workpiece change along the ballnose.
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田中, 隆太郎 ; 林, 勇伝 ; 田邉, 一真 ; 上田, 隆司 ; 細川, 晃
概要:
This study deals with the trial for improvement of chip controllability in turning with selective laser heat treatment for workpiece. Selective heat treatment for carbon steel JIS S45C was carried out with Nd:YAG laser which
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could be transmitted through an optical fiber and shows higher absorption rate against carbon steels than CO2 laser. In turning of these selective laser heat threatened carbon steel, the chip form changed regular curl from irregular curl and chip breakability was improved compared with non-laser treated carbon steel. Surface roughness was obviously smaller comparing with non-laser treated carbon steel. Especially in the case that the depth of cut was larger, the surface roughness was smaller. As for cutting force, the principal force was slightly smaller, but the thrust force and feed force were almost the same. The cutting temperature was slightly lower. The tool wear was almost same as that in the case of non-laser treated carbon steel.
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Al Huda, Mahfudz ; 山田, 啓司 ; 上田, 隆司
概要:
The temperature of the flank side of the cutting tool edge that has large affect on machined surface integrity is measur
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ed using two-color pyrometer with a fused fiber coupler. The infrared rays radiated from the cutting tool edge are accepted by an optical fiber, and separated to two optical fibers at the fused fiber coupler. Each fiber leads the infrared ray, respectively, to two infrared detectors with different characteristic of spectral sensitivity. Temperature is obtained by calculating the ratio of the output voltage from these two detectors. A CBN tool (CBN content : 60 volume percent, density : 3000 kg/mm2) is used as the cutting tool. Annealed steel (S45C), bearing steel (SUJ2), and quenched steel (S55C) are used as the cutting materials to investigate their affect on the tool edge temperature. The results obtained are as follows : (1) The technique developed is suitable for measuring the temperature of the flank side of the cutting tool edge. (2) The temperature of the cutting tool edge is highly effected by cutting speed. (3) The temperature increases slightly with the increase of depth of cut and feed rate. (4) On the cutting of quenched steel which has the largest hardness among these three materials, the temperature is about 50°C higher than that on the bearing steel cutting, and the temperature of the annealed steel cutting is the lowest.
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細川, 晃 ; 小澤, 匡史 ; 田中, 隆太郎 ; 古本, 達明 ; 上田, 隆司
概要:
In this paper, the MQL turning of two types of ferrous metals: chromium-molybdenum steel SCM440H and pearlite malleable
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cast iron FCMP: is dealt with. The appropriate generating system of oil mist is constructed and the specified turning tool with oil hole is used. In order to verify the cooling effect of MQL, the tool temperature at the flank face is measured using a newly assembled fiber-coupled two-color pyrometer. In this new technique, a sensing fiber is inserted into a small hole that extends to the outer surface of the tubelike workpiece and it rotates with the workpiece. The thermal radiation accepted by a sensing fiber is noncontactly transmitted to the other fixed fiber and led to the two-color detectors. As for cutting force in turning of SCM440H, MQL is more effective in low cutting speed below 100 m/min. The tool temperature in MQL turning is approximately 100°C lower than that in dry turning over the wide range of 30∼300 m/min. In the case of FCMP, the tool temperature in dry turning at a cutting speed of 600 m/min reaches as much as about 1040°C, but it drops 920°C in MQL turning.
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上田, 隆司 ; 佐藤, 昌彦 ; 杉田, 忠彰
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The influence of cutting speed, and thermal properties of the work material and the tool material on the thermal partition coefficient is investigated theoretically and experimentally. The temperature at the top of a conical tool
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is measured immediately after micro chip forming using an infrared radiation pyrometer with an optical fiber. A carbon steel, a titanium, a molybdenum and a tungsten are used as work materials, and a silicon nitride Si3N4, a zirconia ZrO2 and a diamond are used as tool materials. The cutting temperature increases in proportion to the 1/2 power of cutting speed and saturates to the melting point of work material. The fraction of heat conducted into the cutting tool is independent on the cutting speed, and it becomes larger as the thermal conductivity of workpiece is smaller or that of tool material is larger. In the diamond tool which has the highest thermal conductivity, its thermal partition coefficient is the highest, but the tool tip temperature is the lowest.
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佐藤, 昌彦 ; 竹田, 陽一 ; 上田, 隆司
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平尾, 政利 ; 寺島, 淳雄 ; 朱, 浩允 ; 白瀬, 敬一 ; 安井, 武司
概要:
Many researches about cutting temperature have been reported, because of the great influence of a tool face temperature
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on a tool wear. However, there is few report about cutting heat. The cutting conditions (cutting speed, feed, etc.) and accuracy of temperature measurement in recent cutting are quite different from those in the past. In case of cutting a material like aluminum, for instance, the cutting speed is usually adopted as 1000m/min much higher than that in the past. The behavior of cutting heat (heat into chip, work and tool) in high speed cutting has been investigated applying theory and experiment methods in the present study. The heat generated in the cutting process is distributed to three parts such as main shear plane, rake face and clearance face. In this experiment, the work materials are AISI 1045 steeland Aluminum alloy A5052, and each cutting speed is up to 400m/min and 850m/min. The cutting heat are measured by accurate thermometers at different depths of cut and flank contact lengths. In addition, the heat ratio of chip, work and tool is calculated from theory. Experimental data are similar to theoretical results. Results of this research show that higher the cutting speed, higher the percentage of heat into the chip and lower the percentage of heat in the tool and work. (1) 切込みや逃げ面接触長さを変化させることにより, 切屑, 被削材, 工具への切削熱の流入割合を求めることができた. (2) 切削熱の切屑への流入割合は, 切削速度の上昇とともに増加し, 被削材, 工具へは減少していく. (3) 高速切削になるにつれて, 逃げ面での摩擦による発熱は無視できなくなる.
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西本, 秀人 ; 田中, 隆太郎 ; 細川, 晃 ; 上田, 隆司 ; 古本, 達明
概要:
本研究では湿式切削における2色温度計を用いた工具刃先温度の測定方法を提案する．光ファイバを挿入した小孔からエアを供給することでクーラントが光ファイバ端面へ付着することを防ぎ，湿式切削における温度測定が可能となる．この方法によってダイヤモンド
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焼結体工具およびCBN焼結体工具を用いたチタン合金の湿式切削において，工具刃先温度の測定を行った． In this study, the method of tool edge temperature using two-color pyrometer in wet cutting is proposed. Using this method, the high pressure air supplied from small hole for an optical fiber prevents coolant from adhering to the optical fiber edge and makes temperature measuring possible. Air pressure never affects tool edge temperature measured using two-color pyrometer. In this way, the tool edge temperature of CBN and Poly Crystalline Diamond (PCD) tool is measured in turning of Ti-6Al-4V. As a result, the tool edge temperature is increases rapidly with the increase of cutting speed. In dry turning of Ti-6Al-4V, PCD tool edge temperature is almost 100oC lower compared with CBN tool edge temperature. Supplying coolant, CBN tool edge temperature is reduced about 70 oC and PCD tool edge temperature is reduced about 340 oC compared with tool edge in dry turning resistivity.
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